河北道地药材酸枣仁脂肪油GC-MS指纹图谱研究

目的建立河北道地药材酸枣仁的气象质谱色谱连用(gaschromatograph mass spectrometer,GC-MS)指纹图谱,为科学评价及有效控制酸枣仁药材质量提供新方法。方法收集不同产地酸枣仁药材21批,采用GC-MS法测定其指纹图谱。色谱柱,HP-5柱(50 m×250μm×0.25μm);柱温50℃,以10℃/min升至160℃,保持5min;再以6℃/min升至250℃。流速0.70 mL/min,分流比为30∶1,进样口温度250℃,进样量1μL。质谱条件,电离方式为电子电离,离子源温度230℃,电子能量70 eV;采集方式,全谱扫描,扫描质量范围0~800 mAU;载气为He。结果建立了道地药材酸枣仁GC-MS指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地酸枣仁药材进行了相似度比较。分析鉴定了8种脂肪油成分,分别计算了相对百分含量。结论方法简便、可靠,可用于不同产地酸枣仁药材的指纹图谱测定和质量评价,为有效控制酸枣仁药材的内在质量提供依据。     

不同产地浙贝母药材HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱的研究

[目的]建立不同产地浙贝母药材HPLC-ELSD指纹图谱,为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供可靠方法。[方法]采用HPLC-ELSD测定21个不同产地的浙贝母药材样品,建立指纹图谱共有模式图,并通过指纹图谱相似度计算、指纹图谱聚类分析、指纹图谱主成分分析,对不同产地浙贝母药材进行区分研究。[结果]建立了浙贝母药材指纹图谱共有模式图,包含9个共有特征峰。以共有模式对21个不同产地的药材进行指纹图谱相似度评价,浙江缙云溪丘、永康、江苏南通浙贝相似度最低(0.8),浙江磐安地区浙贝相似度最高(0.9)。指纹图谱聚类分析、主成分分析,将不同产地样品分为3类。[结论]浙贝母药材的指纹图谱分析可以为其质量评价提供一定的理论基础。     

龙胆药材的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立不同产地龙胆药材的HPLC指纹图谱,为整体控制和评价龙胆药材的质量提供依据。方法采用HPLC测定10个不同产地的龙胆药材,制定指纹图谱。色谱条件:ODS柱,甲醇-水为流动相梯度洗脱,检测波长254 nm,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃。结果建立了龙胆药材HPLC指纹图谱的共有模式,并对不同产地的药材进行了相似度评价。结论HPLC指纹图谱稳定性、重现性好,简便可行,适用于龙胆药材的标准化种植及质量控制。     

何首乌和夜交藤药材指纹图谱研究与评价

目的 建立何首乌、夜交藤药材指纹图谱分析方法,并依据指纹图谱对两种药材进行比较,为科学评价与有效控制何首乌、夜交藤药材质量提供新方法.方法 何首乌和夜交藤分别用甲醇和醋酸乙酯超声处理,提取液用HPLC进行测定.HPLC法采用C18色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱,检测波长分别为265和290 nm,体积流量1mL/min,柱温30℃.结果 建立了何首乌、夜交藤药材HPLC指纹图谱,并对不同产地何首乌、夜交藤药材进行了相似度比较.测定结果显示不同产地药材存在较大差异,化学成分组成及质量分数存在一定差异.结论 所建立的方法简便、可靠,可用于不同产地何首乌、夜交藤药材的指纹图谱测定和质量评价,为全面有效控制何首乌药材的内在质量提供了依据.     

不同产地黄芩药材HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的建立河北道地药材热河黄芩的HPLC指纹图谱，并与不同产地黄芩药材指纹特征相比较，为科学评价与有效控制黄芩质量提供新方法。方法采用HPLC法测定了热河黄芩等11个不同产地黄芩样品。色谱条件：C18柱，乙腈-0．25％磷酸-四氢呋喃为流动相进行梯度洗脱，检测波长274nm，体积流量1．0mL／min，柱温30℃。结果建立了HPLC指纹图谱共有模式，并对不同产地药材进行了相似度比较。结论色谱指纹图谱分析法能简便、快速地鉴别和区分不同来源的黄芩药材，为全面控制黄芩药材的质量提供了依据。     

生、炒酸枣仁水提液指纹图谱对比研究

目的 分别建立生、炒酸枣仁水提液的指纹图谱,拟从整体水平表征酸枣仁炒制前后化学成分发生的变化,同时以此指导酸枣仁的炒制工艺优化。方法 采用Hypersil GOLD C₁₈色谱柱,0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量1 mL/min,检测波长280 nm,分别测定不同产地不同批次生、炒酸枣仁水提液的指纹图谱,利用中药指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012A版）进行相似度比较,同时使用主成分分析方法对2种酸枣仁样品分别进行模式识别。结果 同时建立了生、炒酸枣仁的水提液指纹图谱共有模式,确定了生酸枣仁水提液样品中的10个共有峰和炒酸枣仁水提液样品中的12个共有峰,并利用模式识别方法对生、炒酸枣仁加以区分。对比标准图谱,确定在130~150 ℃的炒制温度范围内,酸枣仁炒制最佳时间为7 min。结论 采用指纹图谱结合模式识别的方式能够有效区分生、炒酸枣仁水提液样品,同时为酸枣仁的质量评价与炮制工艺优化提供参考。      

河北道地药材远志HPLC-UV指纹图谱研究

目的 建立河北道地药材远志的HPLC-UV指纹图谱,获得对照图谱,并与不同产地远志药材指纹图谱相比较,为有效控制远志质量提供方法.方法 采用HPLC-UV法得到了19批远志样品指纹图谱.色谱条件:Waters 1525高效液相色谱仪,C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-0.2%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长316 nm,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃.结果 建立了河北省远志药材HPLC-UV指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地药材进行了相似度比较.结论 本方法操作简便、快速、准确,为远志药材的鉴别和质量的全面控制提供了依据.     

夜交藤药材RP-HPLC色谱指纹图谱研究与评价

目的建立夜交藤药材的反相高效液相色谱(reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography,RP-HPLC)色谱指纹图谱分析方法,为有效控制和科学评价夜交藤药材质量提供新方法。方法夜交藤用乙酸乙酯超声处理,提取液采用RP-HPLC法进行测定。DiamonsilTMC18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱,检测波长290 nm,流速1 mL/min,柱温30℃。结果建立了夜交藤药材RP-HPLC色谱指纹图谱的共有模式,并对不同产地药材进行相似度比较与评价,精密度、重复性与稳定性实验中各共有峰相对峰面积和相对保留时间的相对标准偏差均小于5.0%,符合指纹图谱的技术要求。结论该方法简便、可靠,为夜交藤药材的鉴别和质量控制提供了依据,可作为不同产地夜交藤药材的质量评价标准。     

河北道地药材连翘的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的 建立河北道地药材连翘的HPLC-PDA指纹图谱,得到对照图谱,与不同产地、不同采收部位连翘药材指纹图谱相比较,并测定了各批药材中连翘苷和芦丁的量,为科学评价与有效控制连翘药材质量提供方法。方法 色谱柱为Diamonsil^TM C₁8柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液进行梯度洗脱,柱温30 ℃,检测波长为235 nm,体积流量0.8 mL/min,定量测定中连翘苷与芦丁的检测波长分别为210和254 nm。结果 建立了河北省连翘药材HPLCPDA指纹图谱共有模式,对不同产地、不同采收部位药材进行了相似度比较,并结合定量测定结果对各批药材进行评价。结论 本方法操作简便、快速、准确,为连翘药材的鉴别和全面质量控制提供了依据。另外,连翘叶和花中连翘苷和芦丁量非常高,对于叶和花能否替代果实或与果实合并用药有待于进一步研究。     

满山红中黄酮类成分液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的 利用反相高效液相色谱法建立满山红中黄酮类成分的指纹图谱,为科学评价及有效控制满山红药材质量提供新的方法.方法 分析10个不同产地满山红样品的色谱图,采用国家食品药品监督管理局推荐的“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A版)”计算处理,建立由18个共有峰及其他指纹峰组成对照指纹图谱,确定2个主要指纹峰.结果 通过夹角余弦法和相关系数法计算满山红10个样品与对照指纹图谱的相似度,得到满意结果.结论 所建立的对照指纹图谱可以用来区别不同产地满山红药材的优劣,为进一步控制满山红质量提供依据.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.