10 μm间距红外探测器铟柱制备研究

小间距红外探测器目前已成为红外探测器技术发展的一个重要方向.用于连接探测器芯片与读出电路芯片的铟柱的制备工艺水平成为影响器件性能的一个重要因素.介绍了一种10μm间距红外探测器铟柱的制备工艺.新工艺采用多次铟柱生长结合离子刻蚀的手段,最终剥离和制备出高度为8 μm、非均匀性小于5％的10μm间距红外探测器读出电路铟柱,...     

10 μm小间距红外探测器的铟柱生长研究

在10 μm小间距的条件下进行红外探测器的铟柱生长工艺,会得到铟柱高度不足的结果;本文针对这种情况,开展了小间距的铟柱生长研究,比较了在不同基片温度和蒸发速率条件下的铟柱高度,并分析了试验结果,得到了最优的生长工艺条件。     

10 μm间距长波1280×1024碲镉汞探测器研制进展

随着红外技术的进步,红外探测器组件向着更小尺寸、更高分辨率的方向发展.小像元间距、大面阵规格是长波探测器发展的重要方向.通过对10μm像元间距、9μm截止波长、1280×1024阵列规格长波探测器的研究,突破了10μm间距长波像元成结技术、10μm像元间距铟柱制备及互连技术,制备了有效像元率大于等于99.4％、非均匀性小于等于4％的10 μm间距长波1280×1024碲镉汞探测器芯片.     

红外探测器倒装互连工艺中的铟柱高度研究北大核心CSCD

针对制冷型红外焦平面探测器倒装互连工艺中的铟柱高度展开了调研,结果显示目前行业内关于该工艺中的铟柱高度设计的离散性较大,铟柱高度范围为5~24μm,差值达到了19μm。本文构建了包含探测器芯片、铟柱、填充胶、钝化层和UBM的像元级有限元仿真模型,并根据不同的铟柱直径和高度开展了60组仿真计算,根据计算结果绘制了p-n结区最大应力值的变化曲线,并分析了应力变化规律。     

10 μm像元间距1024×1024中波红外探测器研制进展

小像元红外探测器已成为红外探测器技术发展的重要方向,像元尺寸减小可提高红外成像系统的探测和识别距离,降低红外探测器成本,减小系统尺寸、质量和功耗等。本文介绍了国内外小像元红外探测器研制进展,重点介绍了中国电科十一所研制的10 μm像元间距1024×1024规模小像元碲镉汞红外焦平面探测器组件。组件为n-on-p平面结构后截止波长5 μm、有效像元率达到99 %、量子效率达到60 %。     

法国Sofradir公司推出像元间距为10μm的Daphnis系列红外探测器

正据www.sofradir.com网站报道,法国Sofradir公司最近推出了像元间距为10μm的Daphnis系列红外探测器。该探测器是世界上第一款采用小像元间距技术制成的致冷型中波红外成像产品,它非常适合电光系统研究人员用来研制陆基、机载和舰载军事系统。由Sofradir公司和法国CEA-LETI研究中心联合研发的10μm像元间距技术使性能更高、尺寸更小的新一代红外探测器的研制成为了可     

读出电路铟柱打底层对铟柱成球高度的影响

针对超大规模红外探测器读出电路铟柱成球后高度过低导致倒装互连难度增加这一问题,设计了试验,并分析讨论了读出电路铟柱打底层（UBM）形状对铟柱成球高度的影响。得出了铟球高度与铟柱尺寸和铟柱生长高度成正比,与读出电路铟柱打底层尺寸成反比,并提出了进一步增加铟球高度的思路。     

InSb面阵探测器铟柱缺陷成因与特征研究

通过基于正性光刻胶的不同像元尺寸铟柱阵列及器件制备,研究In Sb面阵探测器铟柱缺陷成因与特征.分别研制了像元尺寸为50μm×50μm、30μm×30μm、15μm×15μm的面阵探测器的铟柱阵列,并制备出In Sb面阵探测器,利用高倍光学显微镜和焦平面测试系统对制备的芯片表面形貌、器件连通性及性能进行了检测与分析.研究结果表明:当像元尺寸为50μm×50μm时,芯片表面形貌和器件连通性测试结果较好;随着像元尺寸减小,芯片表面会出现铟柱相连或铟柱缺失缺陷,器件连通性测试结果与表面形貌相吻合.铟柱相连缺陷是由光刻剥离时残留铟渣引起的铟相连造成;铟柱缺失缺陷是由光刻时残留光刻胶底膜引起的铟柱缺失造成.器件相连缺陷元的响应电压与正常元基本相同,缺失缺陷元的响应电压基本为0,其周围最相邻探测单元响应电压相比正常元增加了约25%.器件缺陷元的研究结果,对通过优化探测器制作水平提升其性能具有重要参考意义.     

7.5μm像元间距红外探测器三维电极的制备与应用

采用现有读出电路电极生长设备和直写式光刻设备开发了三维电极的制备工艺。在制备过程中,首先在读出电路表面制备三维电极,在碲镉汞芯片端生长铟饼,然后通过倒装互连工艺可以实现7.5μm像元间距的1k×1k碲镉汞芯片与读出电路的互连。可变参数包括金属生长角度、生长速率、生长厚度以及金属种类等。经研究发现,通过该工艺制备的7.5μm像元间距的三维电极高度可达到3.8μm,高度非均匀性小于3%,可以经受7.6×10^-5 N的压力。三维电极的应用,降低了倒装互连工艺对HgCdTe芯片平坦度和互连设备精度的要求,大幅提高了7.5μm像元间距红外探测器的互连成品率。     

7.5μm小间距铟凸点阵列制备的研究

红外成像系统中,减小像元间距是目前重点发展的主题之一,为了实现小的像元间距,制备高精度均匀化的小型铟凸点阵列是关键之一。针对75μm像元间距,本文通过系列实验和分析,研究了不同打底层尺寸和铟柱尺寸的组合对铟凸点制备的影响,为制备高精度小型铟凸点阵列提供了良好的指导。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.