Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金时效性能和电磨损性能的研究

本文对Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr-0.068Ce合金时效后的导电率和显微硬度以及电滑动磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明合金940℃固溶1 h后,在560℃时效可获得较高的导电率;在480℃时效可获得较高的显微硬度.时效前冷变形能大大加快第二相的析出过程,使合金综合性能得到显著提高.固溶合金经60%变形后在480℃时效1 h其导电率和显微硬度分别可达83%IACS和135 HV.在载流条件下,Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr-0.068Ce合金的耐磨性能较Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr合金大幅度提高.     

热处理工艺对Cu-Ag-Cr合金性能的影响

研究了不同固溶温度、时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.1Ag-0.61Cr合金性能的影响.结果表明合金显微硬度随固溶温度升高而降低,导电率反而升高.合金经980℃×20 min固溶后,在480℃时效1 h可获得较高的导电率和硬度.时效前对合金加以冷变形可以显著提高其显微硬度,合金经60%变形后在480℃时效30 min时,可获得良好的综合性能.     

稀土Y掺杂对Cu-Cr-Zr合金时效性能的影响

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-Cr-Zr-Y合金时效性能的影响.结果表明:Cu-0.41Cr-0.10 Zr合金在950℃×1h固溶后,在520℃时效2 h能获得较高的显微硬度和导电率;固溶后合金经60%变形后在520℃时效30 min时,硬度可达147.9 HV,导电率可达83.97%IACS,比固溶后直接时效分别高出约41HV和14%IACS.而加入稀土元素Y后,使Cu-Cr-Zr合金的显微硬度提高了约9HV,而导电率降低了约3%IACS.     

时效对列车接触网导线用Cu-Ag-Zr合金性能的影响

研究了时效参数对Cu-0.1Ag-0.051Zr合金性能的影响。结果表明:合金经870℃×1h固溶后,在560℃时效可获得较高的导电率;而在480℃时效可获得较高的显微硬度;时效前加以冷变形可以加速时效初期第二相的析出,使合金的导电性显著增加,合金经50%变形后480℃时效0.25h时,导电率可达90.2%IACS,而固溶后直接时效为83.2%IACS;经适当加工工艺成形的合金导线的综合性能优于Cu-0.1Ag合金导线。     

接触线用微合金化Cu-Ag-Cr合金时效析出行为和电磨损机理探讨

对真空熔炼制得的微合金化Cu-0.1Ag-0.6Cr合金进行固溶、时效处理后的显微硬度和导电率进行了测试,并利用TEM、SEM对合金析出相和电滑动磨损表面形貌进行了观察和分析.结果表明形变和时效综合作用能显著提高合金的综合性能:该合金经980 ℃x20 min固溶处理、60%变形后,在480 ℃时效30 min可获得良好综合性能,其显微硬度和电导率分别可达165HV和83%IACS;而固溶后直接时效仅为154 HV和78%IACS.在载流条件下,合金的磨损量随加载电流的增加而增大;磨损过程中,粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电烧蚀磨损等形式交互作用,促进了磨损过程的进行.     

Cu-Ag-Cr合金时效特性的研究

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.1Ag-0.46Cr合金性能的影响.结果表明:合金经940℃×20min固溶后,在520℃时效1h可获得较高的电导率和硬度.时效前对合金加以冷变形可以显著提高其显微硬度,合金经60%变形后在480℃时效30min时,峰值硬度可达146.71HV,电导率可达52.9MS/m,而固溶后直接时效分别仅为123.59HV和46MS/m.而合金固溶后淬入650℃碱浴中保温20s可使合金的显微硬度和电导率均有所提高.     

Cu-Cr-Zr-Ce合金时效特性的研究

研究了时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.35Cr-0.038Zr-0.055Ce合金性能的影响。结果表明:合金经920℃×1h固溶后,在500℃时效2h可获得较高的导电率和硬度;时效前对合金加以冷变形可加速第二相的析出,如合金经60%变形后在500℃时效0.5h时,导电率可达69.0%IACS,显微硬度达152.8HV,而固溶后直接时效导电率仅为56.3%I-ACS,显微硬度为130HV;微量稀土元素Ce的加入,使合金的显微硬度提高了18～25HV,而导电率略有降低。     

时效对Cu-0.33Cr-0.06Zr合金导电率与硬度的影响

采用固溶+冷变形（80%变形量）+不同温度和时间时效工艺制备了Cu-0.33Cr-0.06Zr合金试样,研究了时效温度以及时效时间对Cu-0.33Cr-0.06Zr合金导电率和显微硬度的影响。结果表明,固溶后冷变形加时效可以显著提高合金的导电率和显微硬度。固溶和冷变形后Cu-0.33Cr-0.06Zr合金的合理时效工艺为450 ℃下时效2 h,经此工艺处理后合金的导电率可以达到83 %IACS,硬度达到195 HV0.1。     

接触线用微合金化Cu—Ag—Cr合金时效析出行为和电磨损机理探讨

对真空熔炼制得的微合金化Cu-0．1Ag-0．6Cr合金进行固溶、时效处理后的显微硬度和导电率进行了测试，并利用TEM、SEM对合金析出相和电滑动磨损表面形貌进行了观察和分析。结果表明形变和时效综合作用能显著提高合金的综合性能：该合金经980℃×20min固溶处理、60％变形后，在480℃时效30min可获得良好综合性能，其显微硬度和电导率分别可达165Hv和83％IACS；而固溶后直接时效仅为154HV和78％IACS。在载流条件下，合金的磨损量随加载电流的增加而增大；磨损过程中，粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电烧蚀磨损等形式交互作用，促进了磨损过程的进行。     

形变热处理对Cu-Ti-Fe-Sn合金组织与性能的影响

利用真空熔炼法制备了Cu-3Ti-0.2Fe-1Sn合金,通过均匀化退火、固溶+冷轧(变形量分别为40%、60%、80%)+450 ℃时效处理,研究了形变热处理对Cu-3Ti-0.2Fe-1Sn合金显微组织、导电率及硬度的影响。结果表明:真空熔炼制得的 Cu-3Ti-0.2Fe-1Sn合金铸态组织中含有大量的枝状晶组织,经固溶处理后组织中出现了晶粒长大;铸态合金的硬度和导电率分别为178.1 HV和10.85%IACS,固溶处理后硬度和导电率都相应降低,分别为102.7 HV和4.58%IACS。经过冷变形和时效处理后Cu-3Ti-0.2Fe-1Sn合金硬度明显提高,变形量为60%时,时效480 min时硬度达到峰值,合金硬度为310.2 HV,此时合金的导电率为18.59%IACS。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.