部分极化干扰条件下极化阵列性能分析

研究部分极化干扰条件下极化阵列的滤波抗干扰性能,期望信号为完全极化波,干扰信号为部分极化波.利用最大信噪比准则得到阵列最大输出信号干扰噪声比(SINR)的解析表达式,分析干扰极化度,到达角等因素对阵列抗干扰性能的影响,仿真实验验证理论分析的正确性.     

阻塞矩阵抗干扰方法性能分析

阻塞矩阵抗干扰方法在阵列抗干扰方面已有较多研究,该方法利用阻塞预处理将主瓣干扰信号去除,之后自适应波束形成处理实现副瓣干扰抑制和主瓣保形,但其抗干扰性能尚缺乏详细分析。文中推导了算法的实现原理,引入抗干扰等效权矢量,并采用阵列输出信干噪比增益指标、抗干扰方向图等对抗干扰性能进行分析,仿真结果表明,当存在主瓣干扰时,该方法会带来副瓣电平增高、主波束变形及偏移等问题,同时还会引起阵列自由度损失,导致抗干扰性能变差。      

基于加权模值的FDA最优频率间隔选取方法

传统频率分集阵列(FDA)在阵元间引入的是固定的频率间隔,并不能使FDA在不同环境下都具有最优的抗干扰性能。文中提出了一种基于加权模值的自适应选取FDA最优频率间隔方法,通过对FDA最优波束形成器的输出信干噪比(SINR)的分析,推导出输出SINR与频率间隔潜在的关系,自适应选取阵列加权最小模值对应的频率间隔,形成单峰值波束方向图,并反馈给发射机,使得输出SINR最大化。理论和仿真结果均证明了FDA通过该方法选取到最优频率间隔后,具有更好的抗主、副瓣干扰性能。     

频分MIMO雷达分解迭代稳健自适应波束形成算法

频率分集雷达因其独特的距离依赖波束特性而受到广泛关注。针对频率分集雷达稳健波束形成问题,本文建立了二维频分子孔径MIMO(FDS-MIMO)雷达阵列信号模型,理论导出了基于等效载频的权向量分解解析解,提出了一种分解迭代的稳健自适应波束形成算法。为解决距离依赖波束栅瓣导致的周期性输出信干燥比(SINR)损失的问题,进一步提出了一种沿平面阵两方向互质的频率偏置方案。仿真结果表明,与传统算法相比在导向矢量存在失配的情况下,本文所提方法能够有效抑制输出SINR周期性损失,且具有计算复杂度低,训练样本需求少,抗导向误差失配稳健性强等优点。      

极化敏感阵列斜投影滤波性能分析

该文研究了极化敏感阵列采用斜投影滤波和正交投影滤波的输出信干噪比(SINR)特性。推导获得了斜投影滤波与正交投影滤波在理想情况和存在阵列误差时的输出SINR 计算式:理想情况下输出SINR 是信噪比(SNR)、目标与干扰的空域和极化域匹配系数的函数;存在阵列误差情况时输出SINR 受信噪比,干噪比(INR)、目标与干扰的空域-极化域匹配系数及误差扰动量共同影响。分析表明,相比正交投影滤波而言,斜投影滤波的输出SINR没有改善,也不能提高误差稳健性,它们均低于最优输出SINR;正交投影与斜投影输出SINR 相同的成因并不一样,正交投影滤波改变了目标的幅相特性,滤波后目标有损失;斜投影滤波改变了输出噪声的空域-极化域特性,放大了输出噪声的功率。最后通过仿真实验验证了理论分析的正确性。      

强干扰环境下基于最大信干噪比准则的联合波束形成与伪码捕获方法

在阵列天线直接序列扩频遥测系统中,联合波束形成与伪码捕获可以最大限度的利用阵列增益提高低信噪比下的捕获性能.考虑强干扰环境下的大系统扩展比多目标测控,分析了基于NLMS权值搜索与伪码捕获方法的抗干扰容限,提出了基于最大信干噪比(SINR)准则的自适应波束形成与伪码捕获联合实现方法,根据伪码相位搜索的滑动相关运算结果估计信号功率,最大化输出SINR实现自适应波束形成.计算机仿真表明,最大化SINR波束形成与伪码捕获联合方法的捕获性能更优,在低信噪比和强干扰环境下可以有效实现空间自适应波束形成和快速伪码捕获,并已成功应用于某遥测系统.     

基于HFSS的智能天线自适应算法的研究

以3G基站系统智能天线阵列为研究对象,在研究了常用智能天线自适应算法的基础上,针对常用算法测向精度有限以及来波方向估计过程的复杂性等问题,通过在接收机的输出端引入阵列导向矢量信号,利用阵列导向矢量的特殊性质,得出了一种改进后的自适应算法。采用该算法的智能天线阵列,不仅具有较强的波束搜索能力和抗干扰性能,而且不存在复杂的来波方向估计过程。最后通过对8元直线型智能天线阵列的HFSS仿真实验,得出了SINR、驻波比、方向图等特性曲线,验证了该算法的可行性。     

自适应阵列天线移相器的误差对卫星地面站性能影响分析

本文讨论了在卫星地面站采用自适应阵列天线的优越性,对自适应阵列天线波束控制移相器有无误差情况下的波束形成器输出信号干扰噪声比(SINR)进行了详细推导,并对结果进行了模拟。     

一种多波束阵列重构导航抗干扰算法

多波束抗干扰技术根据期望信号与干扰信号来向自适应形成主瓣和零陷，从而达到抑制导航干扰并增强期望信号的目的。多波束抗干扰技术的性能与阵列规模有着直接关系，更大规模阵列的抗干扰性能更好，但在工程应用中会受到算法收敛速度、硬件资源消耗与抗干扰处理实时性等方面限制，而小尺寸阵列抗干扰性能明显降低。针对这一问题，提出了一种多波束阵列重构导航抗干扰方法，针对不同期望信号与干扰信号来向分别进行优化，通过在全阵列中优化选取部分阵元组成最优子阵列，使用不同子阵列结构对不同来向期望信号进行波束形成。     

互耦补偿后自适应阵列性能的分析

对互耦补偿后的自适应阵列性能作了深入的分析。分析表明,通过对互耦的补偿,自适应阵列能够完全抑制干扰,但是噪声的输出功率随着波束扫描方向的变化而发生变化,导致阵列输出信干噪比（SINR）性能下降。因此,互耦补偿后噪声是影响自适应阵列输出SINR性能的主要因素。仿真结果进一步验证了结论的正确性。     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

系统级封装新型埋入式电源滤波结构的研究

在高密度小尺寸的系统级封装(SiP)中,对供电系统的完整性要求越来越高,多芯片共用一个电源网路所产生的电压抖动除了会影响到芯片的正常工作,还会通过供电网路干扰到临近电路和其他敏感电路,导致芯片误动作,以及信号完整性和其他电磁干扰问题.这种电压抖动所占频带相当宽,几百MHz到几个GHz的中频电源噪声普通方法很难去除.结合埋入式电容和电源分割方法的特点,提出一种新型高性能埋入式电源低通滤波结构直接替代电源/地平面.研究表明,在0.65～4GHz的频带内隔离深度可达-40～75 dB,电源阻抗均在0.25ohm以下,实现了宽频高隔离度的高性能滤波作用.分别用电磁场和广义传输线两种仿真器模拟,高频等效电路模型分析这种低通滤波器的工作原理以及结构对隔离性能的影响,并进行了实验验证.     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

光子晶体微腔发光二极管

光子晶体微腔因其具有增强自发辐射、定向输出和单模工作的能力而受到广泛关注。介绍了光子晶体微腔发光二极管的基本原理、设计、特性、制作及其典型器件。     

Comparative study of maximum power point tracking techniques for hybrid renewable energy system

The power generation demand is increasing day-by-day throughout the world, therefore, the use of hybrid systems becomes a significant solution. The hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) is used for delivering power in various regions in order to overcome intermittence of wind and solar resources. Because of increasing environmental problems, for example, greenhouse gas emission and energy cost have interested novel research into substitute methods in favour of electrical power generation. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method is a vast deal of novel research used for enhancing the efficiency of HRES. The authors have revealed that the hybrid techniques i.e. Global MPPT, fuzzy-neuro systems, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Perturbed and Observe (P&O) + Adaptive Neural Network (ANN) etc. can provide best results as compared to other MPPT control methods. This paper offering a state of art review of MPPT control techniques for HRES.     

用于单光子TOF测量的时间-幅度变换器

基于新型共源共栅电流源的积分方法,设计了一种用于单光子飞行时间(TOF)测量的时间-幅度变换器(TAC)。该方法有效简化了TAC电路结构,减小了TAC占用面积,显著提高了TOF的满量程范围(FSR)。采用0.18 μm标准CMOS工艺设计。集成TAC的单光子探测器像素单元的填充因子可达到26.8%。后仿真结果表明,该TAC在120 ns的FSR内具有230 ps的定时分辨率,微分非线性(DNL)低于0.05 LSB,积分非线性(INL)低于1.1 LSB。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,512个TAC像素间的不均匀性低于0.5 %。该TAC非常适用于高密度时间相关的单光子计数(TCSPC)探测器阵列。     

超宽带脉冲信号的光学生成方法研究

近年来超宽带(UWB)通信技术迅猛发展,在测量、雷达技术、民用和军事无线通信中有着重要的应用,UWB-over-fiber技术已经成为目前研究的热点,其中就包括UWB脉冲信号的产生方法。区别于传统的电子学方法,光子学产生方法不受电子瓶颈制约,可以实现很高的带宽,并且具有抗电磁干扰、重量轻、结构紧凑的优点。通过对比国内外本领域研究成果,讨论及总结了以下三种原理的UWB脉冲信号的光学生成方法:1)相位调制-强度调制转换(PM-IM);2)半导体光放大器(SOA)的非线性效应;3)频谱塑形和色散所致频域-时域映射,然后对各种方案进行了对比分析。     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

多孔硅发光机制的分析

从量子力学的基本理论出发讨论了量子限制效应，推导出多孔硅有效禁带宽度增量并用量子限制效应和表面态及其物质在发光中作用的理论解释了ＰＳ光致发光的实验现象。