112例围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

目的 了解该院出生缺陷的发病情况及相关因素.方法 依据<中国出生缺陷监测方案>,对2006年在南宁市妇幼保健院分娩的产妇及国产儿的资料进行统计和分析.结果 共监测围产儿2559例,国产儿出生缺陷112例,发生率为4.38%(112/2559).主要出生缺陷发生顺位为:先天性心脏病、唇腭裂、指(趾)畸形、马蹄内翻足、复合畸形、尿道下裂、小耳及外耳畸形;出生缺陷发生率男婴显著多于女婴.结论 孕前及孕早期预防和加强产前诊断,可以减少出生缺陷的发生.     

13110例围产儿出生缺陷回顾性分析

目的:探讨围产儿出生缺陷发生规律和干预措施,预防和减少出生缺陷的发生.方法:收集13110例准入病例,对出生缺陷的发生率、种类、影响因素及变化趋势进行统计学分析.结果:10年间我院出生缺陷儿的发生率为23.04‰,2006年发生率最高为34.97‰,除2009年,其余各年份我院出生缺陷率均高于全省及全国水平;胎儿性别间出生缺陷率差异无统计学意义;农村出生缺陷率高于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).监测出生缺陷中最常见为神经管畸形.结论:出生缺陷疾病已逐渐成为长治地区围产儿致残及至死的主要原因,加强三级预防,提高孕产妇监测质量,做好孕前检查及产前诊断,降低新生儿出生缺陷的发生,势在必行.     

出生缺陷儿531例分析

目的 了解广东省湛江市出生缺陷儿的发生率及相关因素,为临床预防和治疗提供依据.方法 监测在该市各医院妇产科住院分娩的50142例围生儿及531例出生缺陷儿,并进行统计学分析.结果 2003～2006年平均发生率为68.4/万,2007～2010年平均发生率为134.1/万,2007～2010年出生缺陷儿平均发生率明显高于2003～2006年,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2003～2007年,新生儿出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势.结论 先天畸形是围生儿死亡的主要原因之一,孕早期是预防出生缺陷的关键,加强对高危妊娠的检测和产前诊断,达到早期治疗、降低出生缺陷率则是预防的重要手段.加强婚前检查工作,普及优生优育知识科普教育,是减少出生缺陷儿发生的有效措施.     

巩义市2009-2010年人群出生缺陷监测分析

目的:了解河南省巩义市出生缺陷儿发生率,探讨出生缺陷发生的相关因素,为制定和采取预防干预措施提供依据。方法:按照中国人群出生缺陷监测方案的要求,对2009-2010年居住在巩义地区的产妇所分娩的胎婴儿进行监测。结果:2年共监测围产儿18 286例,出生缺陷儿143例,出生缺陷儿发生率为7.82‰,前5位分别为多指(趾)、唇裂合并腭裂、脊柱裂、唇裂、先天性心脏病。结论:普及优生知识,加强婚前、孕前、孕早期保健,提高产前诊断技术,降低出生缺陷儿发生率。     

2003～2005年呼和浩特市地区出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的:探讨降低呼和浩特地区出生缺陷发生率的干预措施。方法:对2003~2005年呼和浩特地区39106例围产儿进行监测,对筛查出的出生缺陷儿442例相关因素及437例围产儿死亡原因进行分析。结果:出生缺陷发生率11.30‰,出生缺陷儿围产期死亡率1.12%。农村地区出生缺陷发生率高于城镇,母亲年龄<20岁,及≥35岁出生缺陷发生率较高;出生缺陷以神经管畸形最多。出生缺陷产前诊断率2.31%。结论:加强围产期保健工作,大力开展健康教育,提高产前诊断技术,做好孕早期补充叶酸,预防神经管畸形,降低出生缺陷发生率。     

2010-2012年英德市出生缺陷人群监测分析

目的：了解近3年英德市出生缺陷儿的发生率、顺位变化及出生缺陷儿与产母年龄及胎婴儿性别关系等变化,找出相关因素,提出干预措施,为提高本市出生人口素质提供医学依据。方法：按照中国出生缺陷人群监测方案,认真填写《出生情况及婴儿随访登记表》,每月汇总上报妇幼保健院。结果：2010-2012年平均出生缺陷发生率为122.67/万,男性出生缺陷发生率高于女性,近3年出生缺陷类型以先天性心脏病、多指（趾）、唇腭裂排前3位,产妇年龄<20岁、≥40岁出生缺陷发生率为254.85/万、130.72/万。居住在城镇的产妇出生缺陷发生率高于农村产妇出生缺陷发生率。结论：预防出生缺陷的关键时机开始于加强孕前保健和孕期保健工作的落实,孕期保健充分利用好B超和加强健康宣教,是控制出生缺陷儿发生的有效措施。     

贵州省某医院170例新生儿出生缺陷的影响因素分析

目的:探讨新生儿出生缺陷的影响因素,为新生儿出生缺陷的预防和干预提供依据.方法:基于贵州省某医院2003 -2011年出生缺陷的监测数据,运用卡方检验分析170例新生儿出生缺陷的特征变化及其影响因素.结果:该院出生缺陷检出率为142.6/万,产前诊断率为17.65％,异常因素占41.12％;出生缺陷前5位分别为外耳其它畸形、多指、神经管缺陷、马蹄足内翻和肢体短缩;母亲年龄＜20岁缺陷儿发生率较高.结论:加强孕前保健、孕期保健、产前筛查和孕前与孕早期叶酸规范服用,是当前预防和减少出生缺陷发生的主要工作.     

芜湖县2002~2005年3033例围生儿出生缺陷监测结果与分析

目的:探明围生儿出生缺陷的种类和发生率,寻找影响出生缺陷的可能因素。方法:对芜湖县医院3033例住院分娩儿出生缺陷监测资料进行分析。结果:在该院分娩的围生儿出生缺陷发生率12.20‰(37/3033),与2004年全国围生儿出生缺陷发生率12.84‰接近;出生缺陷分类构成的顺位前5位依次为唇裂、唇裂合并腭裂、尿道下裂、先天性脑积水及先天性心脏病;居住在城镇和乡村的出生缺陷发生率无差异;孕母年龄越大,出生缺陷发生率越高;男婴出生缺陷发生率(15.38‰)明显高于女婴(7.48‰);双胎出生缺陷发生率(129.03‰)明显高于单胎(10.99‰);产前诊断率为24.32%;孕母的文化程度和经济收入相对较低者,出生缺陷儿发生率相对较高。结论:做好出生缺陷监测工作,积极探讨致畸原因,加强出生缺陷一级预防和二级预防,减少残疾儿发生。     

武汉市东西湖区出生缺陷状况调查

目的武汉市东西湖区2010~2011年度出生缺陷患儿的发生率、顺位变化及存活情况,找出相关因素,探讨我区影响出生缺陷的相关因素,为更好的提高我区下一代人口素质以及为今后监测工作的管理重点和制定出生缺陷预防措施提供医学依据.方法根据卫生部保健与社区卫生司、全国妇幼卫生监测办公室制定的《中国人群出生缺陷监测方案(试行)》(2006年8月),认真填写<出生情况及婴儿随访登记表>,每月汇总,并对出生缺陷监测的数据进行率及顺位等进行统计分析.结果2010、2011年东西湖区人群出生缺陷的发生率分别为4.9‰和4.7‰,两年出生缺陷率的差异无统计学意义(P0.01).结论加强孕前对育龄妇女优生优育知识教育,加强宣传婚前医学检查的重大意义、孕期要做好产前检查及产前诊断,降低出生缺陷的发生风险,.控制出生缺陷儿,才能提高本区人口素质的发展.     

84例出生缺陷儿临床分析

目的探讨出生缺陷儿发生的原因及预防措施.方法 对2009年5月-2012年11月在我院引产及足月分娩的84例出生缺陷儿进行致畸相关因素分析,包括感染因素,化学因素,物理因素及其他因素.结果 84例出生缺陷儿中,孕期感染48例(57.14%),化学因素39例(46.43%),物理因素25例(29.76%).其他因素6例(7.14%).孕期保胎治疗27例(32.14%).结论 出生缺陷儿的发生主要与感染因素,化学因素及物理因素等有关.出生缺陷儿的预防要从源头抓起,做好婚前检查,孕前、孕期尽可能避免接触致畸因素,避免强行保胎,可采用B超和生化检查早期筛查畸形儿,早期处理.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.