基于案例推理的航天测控设备故障诊断

针对航天测控设备故障诊断难度日益增大的问题,将基于案例推理方法应用于设备故障诊断中.首先提出用故障信息规范描述、特征属性集和属性字典的三元组合结构来表示案例的方法,利用数据库管理系统建立故障案例库;然后通过对目标案例的特征属性集元素进行删补及位序调整,构造出与源案例特征属性集同构的特征属性阵列,以此计算案例的局部相似度;最后利用最近邻搜索策略计算案例间的全局相似度,完成对目标案例的搜索和问题的求解过程.应用实例表明,该方法案例表示结构清晰,易于建立案例库,能快速获得故障问题的解决方案,且诊断精度较高,有效提高了设备故障诊断效率.     

新的基于相容关系的案例特征属性优化方法

在案例推理系统中,属性的选择和约简是影响系统案例匹配效率的关键因素。粗糙集能够在保持案例集分类能力不变的基础上,对属性进行约简。然而,粗糙集在处理连续型数据时的离散化过程会带来信息损失。为此,提出了一种基于相容关系的案例特征属性优化方法。文中介绍了粗糙集中基于依赖度的属性约简原理,完善了相容粗糙集中相容关系的确定方法,并给出相容粗糙集可用于属性约简的定理。最后,用实例表明该方法的有效性。     

基于CBR和FTA的地面站接收系统故障诊断方法

针对卫星地面站接收系统中基于案例推理(CBR)中案例库不完整和基于故障树分析(FTA)中计算量复杂等问题,提出一种基于CBR和FTA联合故障诊断法。基于二次检索策略进行改进,解决案例推理检索效率慢的问题;对于案例库中检索不到的故障,再利用故障树诊断,并将故障树分析处理的成功案例添加到案例库中,不断完善案例库。最后,结合卫星地面站本振设备故障诊断的实例应用,正确诊断出案例库中之前不存在的故障,并且增加案例库中案例数目,提升之后检索的效率。     

基于粗糙集的CBR系统案例特征属性优化算法研究

提出了一种基于粗糙集理论和可辨识矩阵的改进型特征属性优化算法。该算法能更好地融入特征属性的背景知识和专家的经验知识,提高了案例检索效率。同时给出了该方法在通信装备故障诊断系统中的应用实例,验证了其有效性和准确性。     

一个包含案例Agent的产品包装设计方案生成系统

在分析传统的产品包装设计方案生成系统不足的基础上,提出了一个包含包装案例Agent的新系统——GSPS。包装案例Agent可以自动感知系统中的包装设计需求,并根据需求情况与用户进行进一步的交互。它还可以根据已知条件在本身所具有的多种检索策略中自主选择最适用的检索方法。此外,包装案例Agent还可以与GSPS外的装潢设计Agent、结构设计Agent协同工作完成全部的产品包装设计工作。     

基于层次聚类的案例检索策略

基于案例推理技术在众多领域已经得到了广泛地应用.本文首先将案例库按层次进行聚类,在此基础上设计了一个基于异构案例库的检索策略.分析了案例库层次聚类规则,重点论述了在聚类基础上的案例检索策略.根据实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地提高案例库中案例的利用率以及案例检索的成功率.     

基于查询性能预测的案例库维护策略

案例库维护是基于案例推理系统的重要组成部分。针对此将查询性能预测思想应用于基于案例推理系统的案例库维护中,设计了案例增加策略及案例删除策略,分析了基于异构案例的组织方式,重点论述了案例检索日志的构建方法。实验结果表明,该方法能够使案例库维护具有较好的自适应性。     

具有细粒度访问控制的隐藏关键词可搜索加密方案

针对现有的可搜索加密算法在多用户环境中密钥管理难度大并且缺乏细粒度访问控制机制的问题,利用基于密文策略的属性加密机制(CP-ABE, ciphertext-policy attribute based encryption)实现了对隐藏关键词可搜索加密方案的细粒度访问控制。数据拥有者可以为其在第三方服务器中存储的加密指定灵活的访问策略,只有自身属性满足该访问策略的用户才有权限对数据进行检索和解密。同时还能够实现对用户的增加与撤销。安全性分析表明方案不仅可以有效地防止隐私数据的泄露,还可以隐藏关键词的信息,使得第三方服务器在提供检索功能的同时无法窃取用户的任何敏感信息。方案的效率分析表明,该系统的检索效率仅为数十微秒,适合在大型应用系统中使用。     

属性网络中相似性增强随机游走的多社区搜索

社区搜索旨在寻找与给定查询节点高度相关的个性化社区.现有社区搜索方法多面向简单网络且处理单个查询节点或假定多个查询节点来自同一社区,这种严格的假设使得算法灵活性受限.据此,提出一种在属性网络中利用查询节点随机游走路径的相似性增强的多社区搜索方法,可以有效地定位查询节点所属的多个局部目标社区.具体地,有效融合网络中高阶结构与属性信息,利用重启随机游走计算各查询节点的重要性分数向量;计算查询节点随机游走路径的相似性并设计一种相似性增强策略,使得在无监督学习中相似路径游走者彼此增强关联从而定位不同查询节点所属的多个社区结构;基于结合结构和属性的并行电导值精准查询社区.真实数据集和人工数据集的实验验证了本文方法的有效性和效率.     

基于特征加权的案例推理在消防救援中的应用

目前对于CBR(案例推理)的研究,应用较广泛的是KNN(K-近邻)的检索策略,而KNN一般使用均权法,不同的属性对案例的表示通常具有不同的权重,会影响计算结果的可靠性。针对上面存在的问题,文章提出一种新的特征权重计算方法,在现有Relief-F算法上对抽样方法做出改进,通过计算对占有权重较大的属性赋予较合理的权重,并应用于消防火灾救援案例中的相似度检索上。结果表明,无论是在余弦相似度还是均方误差上,该方法结合CBR推荐出的方案具有更好的效果。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.