海绵Polymastia sobustia的化学成分：I.甾醇的分？…

利用柱层析和色谱－质谱（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）技术从中国南海海棉Ｐｏｌｙｍａｓｔｉａ ｓｏｂｕｓｔｉａ中分离和鉴定两种不同的甾核的８个甾醇。它们分别是：胆甾烷醇、胆甾醇、胆甾－５,２２－二烯－３β－醇、胆甾－５,２４－二烯－３β０醇、胆甾－５,２２－二烯－２４－甲基－３β－醇、胆甾－２４－甲基－△＾５－３β－醇、胆甾－５,２２－二烯－２４－乙基－３β－醇、胆甾－２４－乙基－△＾５－３β－醇,这是海绵Ｐｏｌｙ     

海藻Caulerpa sertularioides中的甾醇化合物

报道应用ＧＣ－ＭＳ技术从海藻Ｃａｕｌｅｒｐａ ｓｅｒｔｕｌａｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ中分离鉴定出７种甾醇：胆甾醇，胆甾烷醇，２４－甲基－轩－５，２２－，二烯－３β－醇，２４－甲基－胆甾醇，２４－乙基－胆甾醇，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，７，２２－三烯－３β－醇，２４－乙基－胆甾－５，２３－二烯－３β－醇，３种甾酮：２４－乙基－胆甾－４－烯－３－酮，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，７－二烯－３－酮，２４－甲基－胆甾－５，２２     

海绵Phyllospongia sp.化学成分的研究（Ⅱ）

运用波谱及ＧＣ－ＭＳ等方法从海绵中分离鉴定出十四酸，十六酸，２４－甲基胆甾醇，胆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５，２２－二烯－３β－醇，胆甾３，５，－二烯－７－科角甾－５－烯－３β－醇，（２４－Ｓ）－豆甾－５－烯－３β－醇，胆甾－５α－３，６二酮。     

海绵Polymastia sobustia的化学成分 Ⅰ.甾醇的分离与鉴定

利用柱层析和色谱－质谱（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）技术从中国南海海绵Ｐｏｌｙｍａｓｔｉａｓｏｂｕｓｔｉａ中分离和鉴定两种不同甾核的８个甾醇．它们分别是：胆甾烷醇、胆甾醇、胆甾－５,２２－二烯－３β－醇、胆甾－５,２４－二烯－３β－醇、胆甾－５,２２－二烯－２４－甲基－３β－醇、胆甾－２４－甲基－Δ５－３β－醇,胆甾－５,２２－二烯－２４－乙基－３β－醇、胆甾－２４－乙基－Δ５－３β－醇．这是海绵Ｐｏｌｙｍａｓｔｉａｓｏｂｕｔｉａ中所含甾醇化合物的首次报道．     

铕与4－烷基酰代吡唑啉酮配合物的合成、表征与荧光性能

合成了一系列铕与含不同４－酰代基的１－苯基－３－甲基－吡唑啉酮－５的三元配合物Ｅｕ（Ｌ）３２Ｈ２Ｏ［Ｌ＝１－苯基－３－甲基－４－乙酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＡＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－丙酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＰＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－异丁酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＩＢＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－特戊酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＰＶＰ），１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮－５（ＨＰＭＢＰ）］。用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外－可见光谱、差热－热重谱，Ｘ－射线衍射对其组成和光谱性质进行了表征，同时测定了这些配合物的荧光性能，表明不同的４－酰代基对其荧光性能有较大的影响     

利用氧化反应合成3—羟基—4—芳基—5—（1—苯基—5—甲基—1，2，3—三唑—4—基）—1，2，4—三唑衍生物的新方法

采用不同的氧化剂对ω[5-（1－苯基－5－甲基－1,2,3－三唑－4－基）－4－芳基－1,2,4－三唑－3－硫基]－ω－（1H－1,2,4－三唑－1－基）苯乙酮进行了氧化,结果发现KMnO4作为氧化剂时,氧化产物十分复杂,难于分离,而H2O2－AcOH及间氯过氧苯甲酸（MCPBA）又不能将其氧化,最后采用NaIO4作为氧化剂时没有得到相应的砜或亚砜而意外得到3－羟基－4－芳基－5－（1－苯基－5－甲基－1,2,3－三唑－4－基）－1,2,4－三唑衍生物,化合物的结构经元素分析和波谱确证,并对其生成机理作了初步讨论。     

4-苯基-4-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-3-丁烯-2-酮及其衍生物的合成

4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－酮可由3－溴－4－氯－4－苯基－2－丁酮在碱性条件下与1，2，4－三唑反应以71．4％的产率制得。其反应机理由实验和质谱证明是一个先消除氯化氢的三步反应过程，制备出了其衍生物4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－3－丁烯－2－醇和和4－苯基－4－（1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－2－甲氧基－3－丁烯。测试结果表明，这些化合物具有较好的杀菌活性。     

π-余模余代数与π-余模余理想

引进了π－H－余模余代数、π－－模代数的定义,给出了一些相关的性质,然后证明了局部有限维的π－H－余模余代数的对偶是一个π－H*－模代数;接着又引进了π－H－子余模、π－H－余模余理想、π－－子模以及π－H－模子代数等概念,证明了π－H－余模余理想与π－H*－模子代数间的对应关系.     

一种基于酰胺α-烷基化反应制备1,5-二取代-2-吡咯烷酮的方法

在酸催化条件下，１－苄基－５－苯砜基－２－吡咯烷酮与三类亲核试剂反应以良好的产率得到相应的酰胺α－烷基化产物５－取代－１－苄基－２－吡咯烷酮     

新杂环偶氮类试剂合成及其与金属离子显色反应的研究

合成了三种新试剂２－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二甲氨基苯胺（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＭＡ），５－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－２，４－二氨基甲苯（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＴ）和２－（６－硝基－２－苯并噻唑偶氮）－５－二甲氨基苯甲酸（６－ＮＯ２－ＢＴＡＭＢ）．用分光光度法测定了试剂的三级质子化常数．在弱酸性或磁性介质中，试剂可与铁、镍、铜、钯、铑和钌等金属离子反应，生成稳定的有色配合物．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.