盘星薄热模拟生油研究

盘星薄是单细胞淡水生薄类，其化石在我国许多油田的第三纪地层中有广泛分布，通过对盘星藻的热模拟生油试验获得（１）热模拟试验是研究单细胞薄类生成油气的重要而有效的方法；（２）盘星藻是良好的生油母质，相当于Ⅰ－Ⅱ类干格根，自然界盘星薄数星很多，是地质年代里提供有效生油的重要原始物质之一；（３）从各项测试的初步数据看出３００℃时是盘星藻主要的产烃高峰期。     

湖相沉积浮游藻类及有机质类型与烃源研究

中国含油盆地的湖相生油岩大多含有丰富的化石浮游藻类,主要包括非海相沟鞭藻囊孢和单细胞绿藻珠江口盆地西部早第三纪湖相生油岩的详细研究证实,化石浮游藻类相对丰度（占孢粉型总数）和无定形有机质含量（占干酪根总量）的高值指示古湖表层水高生产力和底部水体贫氧环境．表层水高生产力为湖泊沉积物提供大量的原地生藻质富氢有机质,贫氧的湖底有利于这类藻质无定形有机质堆积与保存．     

贵州施秉潕阳河藻类植物初步研究

本文报道了采自贵州施秉阳河国家级风景区水域的藻类植物，经初步鉴定计有８门３０科７３属１７３种（包括变种）．其主要群落可以区分为：Ⅰ．浮游藻类群落．包括（１）贫营养型硅藻群落，（２）贫营养到鼓藻──甲藻群落，（３）中富营养型硅藻──盘星藻群落，Ⅱ．附生藻类群落．包括（１）水绵──鞘丝藻群落，（２）水绵──转板藻群落，（３）桥弯藻群落，（４）刚毛藻群落，（５）微孢绿胶藻群落，（６）念珠藻群落，（７）串珠藻群落．风景区水域内藻类种类丰富，Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ—ｗｅａｖｅｒ指数为３．０７，指示水质清洁．     

几种浮游单细胞藻类磷代谢的初步研究

用３２ＰＯ４３－同位素稀释法研究了单种一次培养的几种浮游单细胞藻类的磷代谢．小球藻（Ｃｈｌｏｒｅｌｌａｓｐ．）和一种绿藻对ＰＯ４３－的最大吸收速率（Ｖｍａｘ）与细胞磷含量成负相关，半饱和速率常数（Ｋｓ）与藻类的种类相关．光照与黑暗对中华盒形藻（ＢｉｄｄｕｌｐｈｉａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＧｒｅｖｉｌｅ）和金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａｓｐ）ＰＯ４３－的吸收和再生代谢无明显影响，其昼夜变化是藻类细胞新陈代谢的反映；处于细胞周期Ｇ１期与Ｓ期的藻类有较高的磷吸收和再生代谢速率，而Ｇ２期与Ｍ期的磷代谢速率较低．藻类磷代谢的动力学及其昼夜变化是围绕着对营养盐磷最大程度地利用和维持藻类持续生长的机制展开的．     

单细胞海热模拟生烃研究

以单细胞海藻为材料进行热模拟生烃试验,对其不同温度级别下作了气体成分分析、族组份分析、热解色谱测试分析,从常温到250℃,单细胞海藻中有机物质未成熟,但具有很强的生烃能力,300－400℃达到成熟阶段,热模拟试验结果表明单细胞海藻是良好的生烃的高峰期,400－500℃时单细胞海藻中的有机质已经达到过成熟阶段,为产气为主,热模拟试验结果表明单细胞海藻是良好的生烃原始母质,并较清晰地显示出了单细胞海藻的热演化和生烃历程。     

从单组分地化属性看碳酸盐源岩成烃特征

两种重要生烃组分粘球性藻和虾蛄ＰＹ－ＧＣ研究表明，碳酸盐源岩在不同成熟阶段，有机质成烃存在着显著差异。动物型有面质成烃明显早于藻类有机质，生油量远不及藻类，动物型有机质大量生油集中于低熟阶段，而藻类有机质大量生油位于成熟阶段。同时，动物型有机质成烃途径为脂肪烃缩合，藻类成烃主要是脂族链及侧链断裂和芳环缩聚。     

贵州施秉Wu阳河藻类植物初步研究

本文报道了采自贵州施秉Ｗｕ阳河国家级风景区水域的藻类植物，经初步鉴定计有８门３０科７３属１７３种（包括变种）。其主要群落可以区分为：１。浮游藻类群落。包括（１）贫营养型硅藻群落，（２）贫营养型鼓藻－－甲藻群落，（３）中富营养型硅藻－－盘星藻群落，ＩＩ。附生藻类群落，包括（１）水绵－－鞘丝藻群落。（２）水绵－－转板藻群落，（３）桥弯藻群落，（４）刚毛菏群落，（５）微孢绿胶藻群落，（６）念珠藻群落，（     

藻类死亡过程中生化降解对有机质成烃转化的意义

盘星藻经过死亡过程的生化降解作用后,烷烃生物标志物组成发生了很大变化,主要表现在C17正烷烃优势的进一步提高和更高碳数烯烃化合物的大量产生．热解前和200℃热解时,两种藻样品的烷烃含量均很低．300℃热模拟后,新鲜藻产烃量仍然很低;而死亡藻烷烃产量达到细胞干重的5．6％,是相同热解温度下新鲜藻烷烃产量的12倍．死亡过程对藻类热解烃的生物标志物组成也有重要影响,明显有利于低碳数正烷烃的大量产生,Pr／Ph,Pr／nC₁₇,Ph／nC₁₈等正烷烃参数发生明显变化．研究结果表明死亡过程有利于低熟油的形成,死亡藻细胞中的非细菌降解对于藻类生烃具有重要的地球化学意义．     

露天游泳池的水质处理

淮北煤炭师范学院露天游泳池于1992年6月底开放使用．每年从开始使用至7月中旬，由于阴雨及气温升高，池水呈草绿色，且有异味．取样化验结果：细菌总数、大肠菌群数及浑浊度严重超标，而且藻类生长繁殖旺盛．我们选用明矾，硫酸铝，硫酸铜，氯化铝分别用5个浓度对池水做试验，结果表明：（1）用明矾处理的池水水质稍好些，但混凝沉淀效果不明显，不能去除藻类．（2）用硫酸铝处理的池水，沉淀慢，对藻类的去除效果也甚微．（3）用硫酸铜处理的池水，对藻类的去除效果明显．p｝用氯化铝处理的池水沉淀快，对藻类的去除亦有效．经处理后的池…     

评价干酪根生油气量的一种新方法

用压力差示扫描量热仪（PDSC）研究了我国茂名、抚顺、黄县油页岩干酪根（I，Ⅱ型）及黄县褐煤（Ⅲ型）在热降解时的化学结构变化。试验中发现，在氧气压力为1．5MPa时，各种干酪根的PDSC图谱都出现两个放热峰。由放热峰的积分面积可计算出各干酪根的表观芳碳率。由此提出了计算干酪根生油、气量的新方法，可根据干酪根在热降解时的“残留脂碳率”与“干酪根质量系数”的演化图计算出生油岩的生油量和生气量，也可以根据干酪根热降解时的脂构碳、芳构碳的分布计算干酪根生油、气量的简化模式，由脂构碳的热解动力学参数计算出生油岩的油气生成量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.