广西南宁市健康人群骨密度及骨质疏松患病率研究

目的：评估广西南宁市健康人群骨量和骨质疏松（OP）的发病情况。方法：455名健康人群采用双级X线骨密度仪检测腰椎正位、髋部、前臂的骨密度（BMD）值，按年龄、性别进行分组，以5岁作为一个年龄段。结果：骨峰值年龄分布：男性髋部骨峰值年龄在40－44岁，腰椎在35－39岁，前臂在30－34岁，女性髋部、腰椎、前臂骨峰值年龄在35－39岁。60岁后OP患病率男性43．75％，女性72．30％，女性峰值骨密度水平较上海等地区低（P＜0．05），男性较南京地区、广州地区低（P＜0．05）。结论：南宁市健康人群较低的峰值骨密度水平和老年人较高的骨质疏松检出率除与所使用的仪器型号有关外，可能与饮食结构、生活习惯、职业、运动等等环境因素有关系，提高峰值骨密度和对骨质疏松骨折的高危人群进行防治是今后的一项重要任务。     

2型糖尿病患者不同部位骨密度测定对结果的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者不同部位的骨密度测定对结果的影响。方法 分别采用定量CT(quantitative CT，QCT)和SXA（单能X线)测量了2型糖尿病患者腰椎松质骨的骨密度(bone mineral density，BMD)与脚跟骨的骨密度、结果 备年龄组男女患者的骨密度与正常对照组相比均无显著性差异；糖尿病合并肾病组QCT测得的椎体骨密度明显低于无肾病组，而SXA测得的跟骨骨密度在女性低于无肾病组，男性则无差异。结论 2型糖尿病肾病会导致骨量减少，但测量仪器、测量部位以及分组方法的不同会影响所得的结果。     

深圳市人群骨密度检测及骨质疏松分析

目的研究深圳市人群骨密度（BMD）变化规律及骨质疏松（OP）的发病状况,为OP的防治提供科学理论依据。方法采用日本ALOKA骨密度测定对深圳市21～73岁的人群600人进行尺桡骨BMD检测。结果男女骨峰值均在21～30岁年龄段,随年龄段增高BMD逐渐下降,51岁以上女性和61以上男性骨量呈快速下降（P〈0.05）;骨量减少发生率男女性各年龄段均较高,61岁以上年龄组骨量减少发生率男性明显高于女性（P〈0.01）;而严重骨质疏松发生率则女性显著高于男性（P〈0.01）。结论骨质疏松发病率与年龄和性别相关。从青年起定期监测骨密度,并尽早调治骨量减少是预防老年性骨质疏松的重要有效措施。     

老年髋部骨折患者的骨密度分析

目的：观察60岁以上的髋部骨折的老年人骨密度峰值差别。探讨老年髋部骨折与骨质疏松之间的关系。方法：测定60岁以上新入院髋部骨折患者的右跟骨骨密度值。按年龄组分类，对同年龄组的男、女性患者的测定结果进行统计学处理。结果：按同年龄组分类比较60岁以上的男、女性能部骨折患者的骨密度，60岁组、70岁组差异有显著性意义(P＜0．01)，而80岁组比较，差异无显著性意义(P＞0．01)。结论：老年髋部骨折虽常由外伤引起，但骨质疏松是老年髋部骨折的重要内在因素，尽管同年龄组老年骨折患者中男性骨密度比女性高，但两者不同程度存在着骨质疏松症，女性尤为严重。     

2型糖尿病患者不同部位骨密度测定对结果的影响

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者不同部位的骨密度测定对结果的影响.方法分别采用定量CT(quantitative CT,QCT)和SXA(单能X线)测量了2型糖尿病患者腰椎松质骨的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)与脚跟骨的骨密度.结果各年龄组男女患者的骨密度与正常对照组相比均无显著性差异;糖尿病合并肾病组QCT测得的椎体骨密度明显低于无肾病组,而SXA测得的跟骨骨密度在女性低于无肾病组,男性则无差异.结论2型糖尿病肾病会导致骨量减少,但测量仪器、测量部位以及分组方法的不同会影响所得的结果.     

身高对峰值骨量及腰椎形态的影响

目的 了解身高对成都地区峰值骨量及腰椎形态的影响,为骨质疏松（OP）的防治提供科学依据。方法 随机抽取成都地区20－39岁排除心、肝、肺、肾、内分泌等慢性疾病,骨代谢疾病及脊柱畸形者216名,进行双能X线骨密度测定仪（DXA）测定腰椎正位骨密度（BMD）、面积（Are),骨矿含量（BMC）及腰椎形态的测量,根据年龄、体重、男女按1：1比例配对。结果 配对后男、女体重、年龄无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,男性身高、L2－4BMC较L2－4Are均明显高于女性（P＜0．05）,L2－4BMC／H则男女无明显差异（P＞0．05）,由L1至L4腰椎横断面积逐渐增大,横径＞高径。男性腰椎横径及均明显＞女性（P＜0．05）,横径更明显。结论 L2－4BMC较L2－4BMD更好反映体重,身高及骨的几何尺寸的变化,再L2－4BMC诊断P较L2－4BMD诊断OP更好。     

老年男性骨密度与钙调节激素关系的探讨

目的 探讨老年男性骨密度与钙调节激素的关系。方法：用双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）测定65例老年男性骨密度（BMD）。用放免法测定睾酮（T）、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）、降钙素（CT）、骨钙素（BGP）。结果 （1）随年龄增加,骨质疏松及骨量减少患者逐渐增加;（2）T、CT随年龄增加而逐步减少,PTH逐渐增加,而BGP无明显变化;（3）骨质疏松及骨量减少组T、CT均显著低于正常组（均P＜0．001）,PTH显著高于正常组（P＜0．001,P＜0．01）,BGP在骨质疏松组显著高于正常组（P＜0．001）,而骨量减少组则与正常组无差异（P＞0．05）。结论 增龄、钙调节激素异常是引致老年男性骨质疏松的重要原因之一。     

男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系的调查与分析

目的探讨男性吸烟与骨密度及骨生化指标关系。方法用DXA仪测定腰椎及髋部BMD，用ELISA测定389例20~80岁健康男性血清骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（sBAP）、血清骨钙素（sOC）和I型胶原氨基末端肽（sNTX）。结果腰椎正住总体、腰椎侧住、髋部总体、股骨颈及Ward＇s区BMD均与年龄呈显著负相关（均P〈0．05）。各部位BMD均在20～29岁年龄组最高，29岁之后随增龄而缓慢下降；40~0岁各年龄组之间的BMD差异无显著性。除腰椎侧住BMD外，吸烟组其他各部住BMD显著低于非吸烟组；吸烟组的sOC和BAP显著高于非吸烟组，两组之间的sNTX差异无显著性。校正年龄与BMI后，烟龄与腰椎正位，髋部总体，股骨颈及Ward＇s区BMD均呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。每日吸烟量与腰椎正住及Ward’s区BMD呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。结论男性随年龄增长骨量丢失。男性吸烟者骨生化指标与骨转换水平增高，骨量丢失加速。吸烟等生活方式增高骨转换水平，影响骨转换的增龄性变化并加速骨量的丢失。吸烟是骨质疏松的一个危险因素。预防骨质疏松症（OP）应提倡戒烟。     

PX型BMD仪跟骨测定在骨质疏松症中的初步应用

目的：评价跟骨骨密度测定在骨质疏松症中的初步临床应用。方法：采用美国LUNAR公司生产DXA（双能X线吸收法）PX型BMD图象仪，对140例受检进行测定，经数据程序处理计算跟骨BMD值。结果：正常人组BMD随年龄增长而降低降低，骨质疏松确诊组BMD明显低于正常人组（P＜0．01）。结论：美国LUNAR公司PX型BMD仪结果可靠。跟骨BMD测定在诊断骨质疏松症中具有应用价值和推广应用。     

慢性阻塞性肺病与骨质疏松症的相关性研究

目的：通过测定慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）患者密度,肺功能和骨代谢的变化,探讨COPD与骨质疏松症的相关性。方法：用双能X线吸收测定仪（DEXA）测定88例男性COPD患者腰椎,股骨近端骨密度（BMD）,同时用肺功能仪测定肺功能,用酶联免疫法（ELISA）测定血骨钙素（BGP）,I型前胶原C端肽（PICP）,抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）,尿胶原吡啶并酚（PyD),脱氧胶原吡啶并酚（D－PyD),并与对照组比较。结果：COPD组的BMD值与对照组相比显著降低（P＜0．01）,TRAP,PyD,D-PyD显著升高（P＜0．01）,COPD患者骨密度与用力肺活量（FVC％）,一秒钟用力呼气量（FEV1％）及一秒率（FEV1／FVC％）均呈显著正相关（P＜0．05）,吸入激素患者与未吸入激素患者相比,BMD值无显著变化,但BGP降低（P＜0．05）,TRAP升高（P＜0．05）,结论：COPD组骨密度低于对照组,COPD患者对骨代谢的影响表现为骨吸收增高,导致骨重量丢失,引起骨质疏松。COPD患者吸入激素治疗组较不吸入激素组骨吸收指标升高,骨生成指标下降。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.