欧洲葡萄花翅小卷蛾性信息素

欧洲葡萄花翅小卷蛾的性信息素主要成分为7E,9Z-十二碳二烯乙酸酯。从1,5-二溴戊烷出发,制成格氏试剂后与甲醛发生格氏加成反应得到1,7-庚二醇,单酯化得到7-羟基庚醇乙酸酯,氧化得到7-氧代庚醇乙酸酯,与(2,2-二甲氧基乙基)三苯基溴化膦进行Wittig反应并水解得到9-氧代-7E-壬烯乙酸酯,再与正丙基三苯基溴化膦进行Wittig反应合成了7E,9Z-十二碳二烯乙酸酯,总产率13%,其结构经¹H NMR和¹³C NMR确证。     

1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷钨酸盐的制备及其对酯化反应的催化性能

以溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑盐([bmim]Br)和磷钨酸(H3PW12O40)为原料制备了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷钨酸盐([bmim]3PW12O40)催化剂,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析-差示扫描量热法、正丁胺电位滴定及元素分析等技术对催化剂进行了表征,考察了催化剂对乙醇与乙酸酯化合成乙酸乙酯反应的催化活性.结果表明,[bmim]3PW12O40中有3个结晶水,并保持有H3PW12O40的Keggin结构和酸强度,[bmim]3PW12O40的酸量明显少于H3PW12O40的酸量.在乙醇与乙酸酯化合成乙酸乙酯反应中,[bmim]3PW12O40催化剂具有较高的催化活性和较好的重复使用性能.     

脂肪酶-酸性树脂耦合催化1-苯乙醇的动态动力学拆分

发现了一种催化效率较高的消旋催化剂——CD550树脂,其与脂肪酶耦合可成功催化1-苯乙醇的动态动力学拆分(DKR).该树脂60℃下可将100 mmol/L(S)-1-苯乙醇于1.5 h内完全消旋.当其应用于1-苯乙醇的DKR反应时,通过采用结构较复杂的邻苯二酚二乙酸酯、间苯二酚二乙酸酯、3,5-二甲基苯酸乙酸酯作为酰基供体,可有效抑制树脂催化的底物无选择性转酯化,极大提高底物转化率和产物ee值.以邻苯二酚二乙酸酯参与的DKR反应为例,反应10 h,转化率大于99%,eeP为90.5%.     

以ZnAl-XO_3~-LDHs/Li X(X=Br,I)为卤源高效合成烯烃的二溴化物以及碘乙酸酯类产物（英文）

在温和的反应条件下,使用ZnAl-XO_3~--LDHs (X=Br, I)为氧化剂和相应的金属卤化物LiX为还原剂,实现烯烃的二溴化及碘乙酰氧基化反应,合成一系列二溴烷烃和碘乙酸酯类产物.分析结果表明,该方法产率较高,二溴烷烃类为74%~94%,碘乙酸酯类为75%~93%,该反应具有高区域选择性和立体选择性.     

毛细管气相色谱法同时测定油漆溶剂中二甲苯和乙二醇乙醚乙酸酯

基于乙二醇乙醚乙酸酯的极性、沸点与二甲苯的几种同分异构体相近而难以分离的特性,选择合适的二甲基聚硅氧烷柱毛细管分离柱(AT.SE-30),以氮气为载气,流量为0.6 mL/m in,内标法定量,建立了同时测定油漆溶剂中二甲苯和乙二醇乙醚乙酸酯含量的毛细管气相色谱法。用该方法对油漆样品进行测定,乙二醇乙醚乙酸酯和二甲苯的回收率为96.5%~102.8%,相对标准偏差不大于2.0%。     

TiO(acac)2催化碳酸二甲酯和苯基乙酸酯合成碳酸二苯酯

碳酸二苯酯(DPC)是非光气法生产聚碳酸酯(PCs)的重要原料,具有多种酯交换法合成路线,如碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与苯酚酯交换法、DMC与苯基乙酸酯(PA)酯交换法、草酸二甲酯(DMO)与苯酚酯交换法等.本文对比测定了几种金属乙酰丙酮配合物和有机钛化合物对碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与苯基乙酸酯(PA)酯交换合成DPC反应的催化性能,结果表明,乙酰丙酮氧钛[TiO(acac)2]是一种良好的酯交换催化剂,具有优良的催化性能.在反应条件θ=180℃,n(PA)=0.8 mol,n(DMC)/n(PA)=1/2,n(TiO(acac)2)/n(PA)=0.006,t=4 h下,DMC转化率可达74.9%,甲基苯基碳酸酯(MPC)和DPC的选择性分别可达56.9%和38.9%.探索并提出了TiO(acac)2催化DMC与PA酯交换合成DPC反应的机理.     

TiO(acac)_2催化碳酸二甲酯和乙酸苯酯合成碳酸二苯酯(英文)

碳酸二苯酯(DPC)是非光气法生产聚碳酸酯(PCs)的重要原料,具有多种酯交换法合成路线,如碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与苯酚酯交换法、DMC与苯基乙酸酯(PA)酯交换法、草酸二甲酯(DMO)与苯酚酯交换法等.本文对比测定了几种金属乙酰丙酮配合物和有机钛化合物对碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与苯基乙酸酯(PA)酯交换合成DPC反应的催化性能,结果表明,乙酰丙酮氧钛[TiO(acac)2]是一种良好的酯交换催化剂,具有优良的催化性能.在反应条件θ=180℃,n(PA)=0.8 mol,n(DMC)/n(PA)=1/2,n(TiO(acac)2)/n(PA)=0.006,t=4 h下,DMC转化率可达74.9%,甲基苯基碳酸酯(MPC)和DPC的选择性分别可达56.9%和38.9%.探索并提出了TiO(acac)2催化DMC与PA酯交换合成DPC反应的机理.     

胶束催化对硝基苯酚乙酸酯碱性水解的动力学研究

碱性溶液中羧酸酯的催化水解反应有些报道[1~4],OH-对乙酸酯的亲核进攻,形成了一个阴离子四面体中间物,该四面体中间物的C为sp3杂化,反应裂解成为CH3COO-和对硝基苯酚。然而,目前对胶束溶液中对硝基苯酚乙酸酯的碱性水解方面的系统研究还未见报到,因此,本文在30℃、1·62×10-3     

混合植物甾醇乙酰化物的反相高效液相色谱分析

应用高效液相色谱对豆甾醇乙酸酯、β_谷甾醇乙酸酯和混合甾醇乙酸酯进行了分析测定 ;实验采用的色谱柱为HypersilODS反相柱(4.6mm×150mm ,5μm) ,流动相为色谱纯甲醇 ,紫外检测波长为210nm ,恒溶剂洗脱 ;实验结果表明 ,混合植物甾醇及其乙酸酯的响应时间在25min以内 ,且各种甾醇及其酯的分离效果较好 ,采用峰面积归一法能够快速准确地测定混合甾醇中豆甾醇乙酸酯和 β_谷甾醇乙酸酯的含量。     

铌酸催化剂的结构和酸性催化性质

研究了铌酸催化剂的制备方法、表面酸性及晶体结构对乙醇和乙酸酯化反应的影响。结果表明，热处理温度对水洗法制备的铌酸催化剂的催化性能有显著的影响，经３５０℃热处理后其达到活性极大值。并发现催化性能受热处理温度影响的原因是铌酸结构中含水量及比表面积随热处理温度变化而导致铌酸表面酸性的变化，而与氧化铌的形态和晶体结构无明显关系。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of tetrabenzoporphins of the basis of isoindoline

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds -