口服胸腺肽结肠溶制剂的药效学研究Ⅱ.对氢化泼尼松免疫抑制BALB/c小鼠的T细胞亚群的影响

探讨结肠溶口服胸腺肽对氢化泼尼松免疫抑制小鼠的细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：通过制备氢化泼尼松免疫低下的小鼠模型、用细胞毒试验测定小鼠Ｔ细胞亚群水平的变化。结果：其Ｔｈｙ－１和Ｌ３Ｔ４亚群水平明显高于免疫低下对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）；而与阳性对照组、正常鼠组相比，均无显著性差异，灌胃剂量与Ｔｈｙ－１和Ｌ３Ｔ４亚群水平的相关分析显示量效之间均明显相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：结肠溶口服胸腺肽和胸腺肽注射剂使用一样，同样具有明显增强和调节细胞免疫功能的作用。口服胸腺肽剂量选用０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ即能明显提高免疫抑制小鼠的Ｔ细胞亚群水平。     

雷帕霉素联合环孢素预防肾移植急性排斥反应的随机对照前瞻性研究

目的:评价雷帕霉素(RPM)口服液联合环孢素(CsA)预防肾移植术后早期急性排斥反应的疗效。方法:首次肾移植患者20例,随机分成RPM试验组和硫唑嘌呤(Aza)对照组,每组各10例,分别接受以CsA和类固醇激素为基础的免疫抑制治疗方案6mo,比较2组人/肾存活率、急性排斥反应发生、不良事件发生等指标的差异。结果:17例完成治疗者人/肾均存活;仅Aza组1例发生2次急性排斥反应;2组各发生2例严重不良事件。结论:RPM联合CsA可有效预防移植肾急性排斥反应,并维持肾功能于良好水平,但是也可能增强CsA的肝毒性。     

Environmental and hormonal correlates of immune activity in a cooperatively breeding tropical bird

Because climatic patterns in temperate regions are generally predictable, species can allocate resources adaptively among competing physiological processes before environmental conditions change. In the semi-arid tropics where environments are seasonal, but highly unpredictable, allocation decisions may be more sensitive to short-term fluctuations in conditions. We asked (i) whether investments in immune function were affected by inter-annual variation in rainfall and (ii) whether corticosterone and prolactin, two hormones that modulate immune activity in other vertebrates, predict environmentally induced alterations in immune activity in cooperatively breeding superb starlings (Lamprotornis superbus). Superb starlings inhabit African savannas characterized by high among-year variation in rainfall, which influences their breeding life histories and hormone levels. We quantified bactericidal capacity of plasma, or bacterial killing, and prolactin and corticosterone concentrations in blood samples collected over a four year period during the dry season prior to breeding, as this is the period when reproductive roles are determined in this species and when rainfall is most variable. We found that bacterial killing was weakest in the driest year of the study, and we detected a positive relationship between bacterial killing and prolactin, but not a negative relationship with corticosterone. Together these results suggest that prolactin may mediate rainfall-induced changes in immune activity in superb starlings. This study is the first to examine relationships between prolactin and an index of constitutive, innate immunity in birds, and suggests that even species inhabiting unpredictable environments adjust their physiological priorities to environmental conditions, perhaps via prolactin.     

口服胸腺肽结肠溶制剂的药效学研究Ⅰ.对环孢素A免疫抑制BALB/c小鼠的免疫功能的影响

探讨结肠溶口服胸腺肽对环孢素Ａ免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：采用环孢素Ａ制备免疫低下的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠模型,口服胸腺肽灌胃［０．３～３．０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ· ｄ）］,以其注射剂作阳性对照,分别作非特异性免疫、体液免疫：并用细胞毒试验作胸腺Ｔ细胞亚群的细胞免疫测定。结果：试验表明不明显影响前２项免疫（Ｐ＞０．０５）;但可有意义地促进胸腺Ｔ细胞亚群Ｔｎｙ－Ｉ、Ｌ３Ｔ４水平的提升（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）;灌服剂量与Ｔｈｙ－１、Ｌ３Ｔ４水平的相关分析呈正相关。结论：提示口服和注射给药一样,均具有特异地增强和调节Ｔ细胞免疫功能的作用和效果。     

原位心脏移植病人的免疫抑制治疗（一例介绍）

目的 探讨原位心脏移植病人的免疫抑制治疗。方法 一例原位心脏移植病人术后免疫抑制治疗一年，记录治疗过程的系统性监测，包括实验室检查、心电图、超声心动图、Ｘ线检查、环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）血药浓度测定、Ｔ淋巴活化指标测定及心肌活检情况，记录各阶段调整免疫抑制药物的剂量并进行讨论。结果 病人在一年的治疗中未出现明显的排斥反应。结论 目前此病人采取的免疫抑制治疗方案是恰当的。