剪切解络-超滤分离金属关键指标预测与验证

根据剪切解络-超滤过程中金属离子的动态浓度关系和质量守恒定律,采用CodeBlocks17.12软件编写程序,建立了剪切解络-超滤工艺关键指标预测模型,实现了金属离子浓度、回收率、体积稀释倍数等指标的预测,并用实验加以验证。依次在转速800 r/min、1 400 r/min、3 000 r/min下回收模拟废水中43 μg/L的Co²⁺、995 μg/L的Ni²⁺和88 μg/L的La³⁺,3种金属的回收率均达99.8%以上时,超滤过程体积稀释倍数的预测值分别为7.0、7.5、5.75,实验值分别为7.5、7.25、6.25,可见预测值与实验值基本一致。本模型对研究方案制定和调整有实际指导意义。     

Simulation of producer gas flameless combustion with fresh reactant diluted by hot flue gas

Flameless combustion is considered as a flexible and efficient combustion process for low heating value gas fuel. This paper presents numerical simulations of premixed flameless combustion using producer gas as a fuel. Different initial conditions of the premixed fresh reactant (air/fuel mixture) and dilution levels are taken into account for the investigation. The numerical simulations were investigated using a network of chemical reactor models with the detailed reaction mechanism of GRI‐Mech 3.0. A threshold dilution level for flameless combustion fuelled by producer gas was determined. The numerical results show that dilution of the fresh reactant with hot combustion products and initial fresh reactant temperature play important roles in flameless combustion formation and its auto‐ignition behaviour, rather than equivalence ratio of the fresh reactant. In the flameless combustion regime, temperature and chemical concentrations were reduced while chemical kinetics process was decelerated, resulting in delay of the auto‐ignition process.     

Decision support system of unplanned dilution and ore-loss in underground stoping operations using a neuro-fuzzy system

Unplanned dilution and ore-loss are the most critical challenges in underground stoping operations. These problems are the main cause behind a mine closure and directly influencing the productivity of the underground stope mining and the profitability of the entire operation. Despite being aware of the significance of unplanned dilution and ore-loss, prediction of these phenomena is still unexplained as they occur through complex mechanisms and causative factors. Current management practices primarily rely on similar stope reconciliation data and the intuition of expert mining engineers. In this study, an innovative unplanned dilution and ore-loss (uneven break: UB) management system is established using a neuro-fuzzy system. The aim of the proposed decision support system is to overcome the UB phenomenon in underground stope blasting which provides quantitative prediction of unplanned dilution and ore-loss with practical recommendations simultaneously. To achieve the method proposed, an uneven break (UB) prediction system was developed by an artificial neural network (ANN) considering 1076 datasets covering 10 major UB causative factors collected from three underground stoping mines in Western Australia. In succession, the UB consultation system was established via a fuzzy expert system (FES) in reference to surveyed results of fifteen underground-mining experts. The UB prediction and consultation system were combined as one concurrent neuro-fuzzy system that is named the ‘uneven break optimiser’. Because the current UB prediction systems in investigated mines were highly unsatisfactory with correlation coefficient (R) of 0.088 and limited to only unplanned dilution, the performance of the proposed UB prediction system (R of 0.719) is a remarkable achievement. The uneven break optimiser can be directly employed to improve underground stoping production, and this tool will be beneficial not only for underground stope planning and design but also for production management.     

Study on flame propagation of premixed N2O–NH3/N2O–NH3–C3H8 in cylindrical vessels

The flame propagation behavior of premixed N₂O–NH₃/N₂O–NH₃–C₃H₈ was experimentally investigated in elongated vented cylindrical vessels with central ignition. The effect of vessel diameter and propane concentration ([C₃H₈] = 1.96–7.41 wt.%) on the process of flame acceleration was studied and discussed. The results revealed that the maximum value of flame acceleration rate was found in the cylindrical vessel with an inner diameter of 7 mm, followed by 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm. At a constant vessel diameter, the rate of flame acceleration was noticeably improved by adding propane ([C₃H₈] = 1.96–3.85 wt.%) to the premixed N₂O–NH₃. However, a further increase in the propane fraction up to 5.66%, caused a decline in the flame acceleration rate, probably as a consequence of a combined effect between the reduction of oxygen and greater dilution of the ammonia in the total concentration.     

智能光电选矿预选抛废技术研究及应用

随着国家对矿产资源开采的不断深入,富矿石、易选矿石逐渐枯竭,入选的贫矿石和难选矿石比例不断上升,导致生产处理成本增加。人工智能、智能光电选矿技术,可以甄别和分拣矿石,实现提前抛废,对矿石进行预富集,提高矿石的入选品位,提升矿石综合利用率,成为解决经济增长中矿产资源短缺重要手段,确保矿产资源安全和矿业经济稳定发展的研究方向。     

粗苯中三苯含量快速定量分析方法的研究

通过气质联用仪(GC-MS)对粗苯中的有机组分进行定性分析,使用配有氢火焰离子检测器(FID)的气相色谱仪对苯、甲苯、二甲苯(三苯)进行定量的研究。     

引水冲污工程流量的分析与确定

通过对福州市近年来实施的引水冲污工程中有关引水流量的问题进行了分析,并提出了确定引水流量的方法。     

海洋用CRA双金属复合管管端全自动堆焊工艺改进

针对海洋用CRA双金属复合管薄壁基管堆焊过程中出现显著的管端缩径,机械加工后管端尺寸超差这一问题,设计了工艺革新及改进方案。通过采用优化焊接工艺参数和调整管端机械加工工艺等措施,使得双金属复合管管端机械加工后的尺寸满足了设计要求,同时Fe的稀释率降低。堆焊后对堆焊层进行拉伸试验、冲击试验、硬度测试、金相组织观察以及晶间腐蚀试验,结果表明,堆焊层的力学性能良好,且具备较好的耐腐蚀性能。     

A reference isotope dilution headspace GC/MS method for the determination of nitrite and nitrate in meat samples

A novel method for the determination of nitrite and nitrate in meat products is presented. The samples were ground and extracted in hot water with the presence of and internal standards. The solution was buffered with sodium bicarbonate and reacted with triethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate to convert nitrite and nitrate into EtNO₂ and EtONO₂. Such derivatives could be detected by headspace GC/MS in positive chemical ionisation mode with 0.05 µg g⁻¹ and 1.0 µg g⁻¹ LOD. The method was used for and quantitation in the 0.5-300 and 2.5-300 µg g⁻¹ ranges. The method was applied for the analysis of fifteen meat products. Despite minimal sample preparation, the headspace sampling ensured a clean chromatography for over 135 analyses (throughput ten samples per hour). The proposed method offers selective GC/MS detection combined with high-precision isotope dilution calibration, it is suitable for metrological applications and can support regulations on meat safety (European Commission, 2011).