双重自适应联邦滤波在SINS-卫星组合中的应用研究

针对常规联邦卡尔曼滤波需要确切已知系统噪声统计特性的局限性,结合多信息组合导航中惯性导航系统噪声难以确切感知和卫星导航系统测量噪声不断变化的特点,提出了一种新的双重自适应联邦滤波算法。该算法不必知道系统噪声统计特性而能对测量噪声进行在线自适应调节,同时信息分配系数根据各卫星导航系统输出的几何精度因子(GDOP)进行自适应调节。通过SINS-GPS-Galileo-北斗组合导航系统将该算法与常规联邦滤波算法进行仿真比较,结果表明:该方法有效提高了组合导航系统的精度和可靠性,更适用于系统噪声未知和测量噪声不断变化的多信息组合导航系统。     

Welding current influences on Inconel 625/X65 cladding interface

The pulsed gas tungsten arc welding with hot wire was used to clad Inconel 625 on the surface of X65 steel. The influences of welding current in horizontal welding position on the dilution, in further the composition, microstructure, and property of the Inconel 625/X65 cladding interface were investigated. Experimental results show that with the increase in welding current, namely, in heat input and arc force, dilution rate increased; the composition transition region in the cladding layer close to the fusion line, controlled by the cladding temperature, would be widen; in further, the microstructure would be different due to the heat transfer and composition change; the precipitates were niobium-rich MC carbide with a low welding current, but tended to be the intermetallic compounds, Laves phase, with a high welding current; the highest and lowest hardness values appeared on the heat-affected zone and cladding layer next to the bonding interface, respectively.     

CFD方法在压水堆安全分析中的应用现状和发展趋势

为更好地利用CFD方法解决压水堆安全分析问题,简要介绍CFD方法,着重阐述其在硼稀释、混合和热分层以及受压热冲击等压水堆安全分析问题的应用现状,并提出CFD与系统程序的耦合计算、流固耦合计算和CFD与中子动力学程序的耦合计算将是CFD方法在该领域的发展重点.     

GPS／伪卫星相对定位中伪卫星优化布设模型研究

分别阐述了GPS绝对定位精度因子（PDOP,HDOP,VDOP）与相对定位精度因子（PRDOP,HRDOP,VRDOP）的相关理论,并进行了相应的公式推导,系统比较了两种定位因子的异同点,说明了采用相对定位因子作为相对定位中伪卫星布设依据的必要性;在此基础上,建立了以高度角、方位角和观测时间为自变量,双差相对精度因子为因变量的四维模型,论述了运用该模型进行伪卫星优化布设的具体步骤。并分别以PPDOP和PRDOP为例,通过实测数据对模型进行测试和分析。结果表明：PDOP与PRDOP具有相似的变化趋势,但其局部不一致;建立的四维模型为PRDOP的变化趋势进行了全时空显示,为高效的伪卫星选址工作提供了可靠的依据,实现了伪卫星的最优化布设。     

滚筒式露天采矿机在某露天矿的应用预评价

滚筒式露天采矿机以其卓越的挖掘性能,避免了传统采矿工艺中的穿孔、爆破、粗碎等工作,也可以避免爆破震动对露天边坡造成的次生危害;其超强的选采分采性能,可以实现精细化采矿,极大地降低矿石的损失贫化管理难度。根据实际地质条件、采矿工艺及矿体赋存条件,预评价该设备在某露天矿应有广阔的应用前景。     

Spacecraft rendezvous trajectory safety quantitative performance index eliminating probability dilution

In view of the probability dilution problem of the existing quantitative indexes of rendezvous trajectory safety performance using collision probability,this paper proposes a new quantitative index of rendezvous trajectory safety performance by well combining collision probability with warning threshold.The proposed new index increases monotonously as the position errors of the chaser spacecraft increase,therefore it can effectively overcome the problems of the reduction in the largest performance value and the advancement in the most dangerous time induced by the probability dilution.The proposed new index is applied to the safety design of close range rendezvous missions.The mission’s safety requirements for initial navigation precision and the safe region of initial and final keeping points’positions with a certain navigation precision are analyzed,and several valuable conclusions about the relation between position navigation precision and velocity navigation precision as well as the relation between keeping points’positions and navigation precision are obtained.     

拜耳法赤泥沉降槽的技术改造

研究内循环自稀释技术在拜耳法普通赤泥分离沉降槽中的试验应用情况。实践证明普通赤泥分离沉降槽的产能可以提高15.2%,清液层增加84.6%,溢流浮游物降低38.9%。     

降低极薄金矿脉开采成本新途径的研究

傲汉旗撰山子金矿用人工底柱代替矿石顶底柱，铁溜井代替木溜井、《金属量》承包代替作业进尺的方法，减小了极薄金矿脉开采的损失率与贫化率，为同类矿山降低开采成本开创了一条新途径。     

TEM image analysis and modelling: application to boehmite nanoparticles

Boehmite occurs in the form of nanoparticles. Upon drying, it can form the alumina that is common in catalyst support used in refining and petrochemicals. The topotactic transformation of boehmite alumina led to an interest in the precise shape and size of these nanoparticles which is highly linked to the catalyst activity. Boehmite nanoparticles can be observed by transmission electron microscopy. Although they are highly aggregated, the analysis of transmission electron microscopy images with a specific random model approach, here a dilution model, can give an accurate estimate of their size. To use this approach, electronic noise and diffraction artefacts on the edges of the nanoparticles have to be removed. Covariance measurements on micrographs can be performed. They can be used to fit a model. The fitting uses a novel numerical method to estimate the covariogram of grains. The model can take into account the specific orientations of the nanoparticles. The influence of noise, image filters used to remove noise and diffraction artefacts, as well as all the parameters of the model are all studied in this paper. We propose nanoparticle size estimations procedures based on both single and mixture-of-two particle models.     

Heat effects due to mixing (dilution) the mixed acid solutions—Application of neural networks to approximate and generalize experimental data

The feed-forward neural networks have been used to approximate the specific molar enthalpy and the specific molar heat capacity of the mixed acid solutions. The nets have been trained with experimental data taken from the literature, so the values of the specific molar enthalpy and the specific molar heat capacity at the reference temperature T = 0 °C could be successively estimated for any composition of the mixed acid. Two principal methods have been considered and tested. In the first method two independent neural nets have been employed: the net NN-H, which approximates separately the specific molar enthalpy and the net NN-C, to approximate the specific molar heat capacity, respectively. In the second method only one net is employed (the net NN-HC), which simultaneously approximates both the specific molar enthalpy and the specific molar heat capacity. Then following both mentioned methods, the trained neural nets have been used to model the heat effects due to dilution of mixed acid solutions, carried out at various conditions – i.e. at any temperature and composition. Using these nets, both, the integral and the differential enthalpy balance can be carried out, so the smart and accurate method to model the mixed acid dilution has been elaborated. The proposed methods and their prediction accuracy have been successfully verified with our own experimental data carried out in the RC1 reaction calorimeter.