胸段食管癌累及野放疗与扩大野放疗对危及器官的辐射剂量学分析

目的 研究胸段食管癌逆向调强放射治疗（IMRT）中累及野照射与扩大野照射对危及器官（OAR）受照剂量的影响。方法 40例胸段食管癌患者分别行累及野靶区勾画和扩大野靶区勾画并勾画危及器官，制定IMRT计划，评估2个计划的靶区适形指数（CI）和均匀性指数（HI）及危及器官的剂量学参数，剂量学参数比较采用配对t检验。结果 2种计划的PTV均能满足处方剂量要求，PTV在CI、HI上相近（P = 0.317、0.130）。两组间平均肺剂量、两肺V₅、两肺V₂₀、两肺V₃₀、脊髓D_mean、心脏D_mean、心脏D_max、心脏V₃₀、心脏V₄₀、心脏V₆₀差异均存在统计学意义（P < 0.01）。结论 胸段食管癌患者行累及野照射与扩大野比较，可降低正常器官的受照剂量，从而降低放射性损伤风险。     

凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入"一站式"杂交手术配合

目的探讨"一站式"杂交手术救治凶险性前置胎盘患者的应用价值及重要性。 方法对多学科合作行杂交手术救治凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者的病例进行回顾性分析，总结"一站式"杂交手术多学科医护合作和护理配合要点。 结果经过多学科默契配合下的"一站式"杂交手术以及"L"型护理配合模式，手术顺利完成，术后无并发症发生，产妇于术后第4天出院。 结论凶险性前置胎盘患者病情危重、手术难度大，通过多学科讨论会、辐射防护、安全转运、医护默契配合以及根据潜在并发症采取预见性的护理措施是"一站式"杂交手术成功的要点。     

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in rat kidney using two-dimensional navigated,interleaved echo-planar imaging at 7.0 T

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two-dimensional (2D) navigated, interleaved multishot echo-planar imaging (EPI) to enhance kidney diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in rats at 7.0 T. Fully sampled interleaved four-shot EPI with 2D navigators was tailored for kidney DWI (Sprague–Dawley rats, n = 7) on a 7.0-T small bore preclinical scanner. The image quality of four-shot EPI was compared with T₂-weighted rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (RARE) (reference) and single-shot EPI (ss-EPI) without and with parallel imaging (PI). The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was examined to assess the image quality for the EPI approaches. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance were used for evaluation of image distortion. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated for renal cortex and medulla for all DWI approaches. The corticomedullary difference of MD and FA were assessed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Four-shot EPI showed the highest CNR among the three EPI variants and lowest geometric distortion versus T₂-weighted RARE (mean Dice: 0.77 for ss-EPI without PI, 0.88 for ss-EPI with twofold undersampling, and 0.92 for four-shot EPI). The FA map derived from four-shot EPI clearly identified a highly anisotropic region corresponding to the inner stripe of the outer medulla. Four-shot EPI successfully discerned differences in both MD and FA between renal cortex and medulla. In conclusion, 2D navigated, interleaved multishot EPI facilitates high-quality rat kidney DWI with clearly depicted intralayer and interlayer structure and substantially reduced image distortion. This approach enables the anatomic integrity of DWI-MRI in small rodents and has the potential to benefit the characterization of renal microstructure in preclinical studies.     

地鳖纤溶蛋白口服时间/pH依赖结肠靶向微囊的开发及评价＊

地鳖中的纤溶活性蛋白是从地鳖中提取的具有抗栓及抗肿瘤作用的有效成分，其口服易被上消化道酶分解从而限制了应用。采用恒流泵滴制法开发地鳖纤溶活性蛋白时间/pH依赖口服结肠靶向微囊（EnpolypHaga fibrinolytic protein oral colon targeting microcapsules， CTM-EFP）。采用单因素实验和正交实验相结合的方法寻找到包封率为60.17 % ± 2.72 %、载药量为15.50 % ± 0.44 % 的最佳配方。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示微囊呈球形、表面光滑，在人工肠液中24 h的累积释放度为99.53 % ± 0.69 %，在人工胃液中24 h累积释放度为7.43 ± 1.04 %，通过时间/pH依赖达到结肠靶向作用。CTM-EFP在人工肠液中的体外释放曲线符合Korsmeyer方程，提示地鳖纤溶活性蛋白（EnpolypHaga fibrinolytic protein， EFP）是通过扩散和侵蚀机制结合释放的。CTM-EFP为EFP的口服给药提供了一种新的剂型，为EFP应用于临床提供参考。     

Clinical analysis of 99 children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura complicated with overt gastrointestinal bleeding

Clinical Rheumatology - To analyze and summarize the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) complicated by overt gastrointestinal bleeding...     

IL-10 contributes to gemcitabine resistance in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma cells via ABCC4

Investigational New Drugs - Background&nbsp;Chemotherapy resistance is a main reason for treatment failure in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL). Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is closely related to...