老年妇科恶性肿瘤患者的围术期护理

目的:探讨老年妇科恶性肿瘤患者围手术期的临床护理。方法:做好充分的术前准备和心理护理工作,重视术中麻醉管理和生命监护,加强术后护理,严密注意术后病情,预防并发症的发生。结果:33例术后恢复良好,2例合并糖尿病患者二次重缝愈合,1例合并高血压者继发下肢深静脉血栓。结论:加强围术期老年患者的健康指导和护理,是保证手术成功的重要措施。     

钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死近期效果临床观察

目的 探讨钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的临床效果.方法 采用髓芯减压钽棒植入治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死患者8例.术前根据影像学资料,按Steinberg进行分期,采用Harris评分系统评估患者术后髋关节功能改善情况.结果 术后随访12～20个月,平均14个月.所有患者均在随访时间内进行疗效评估,对患者髋关节功能Harris评分由术前平均（65.28±4.26）分提高到术后末次随访平均（95.28±2.42）分,其中优5髋,良3髋.髋关节影像学稳定,股骨头无坏死进展.结论 髓芯减压钽棒植入可以延缓和逆转早期股骨头缺血性坏死进程.     

股簿肌重建内侧副韧带的可行性与临床疗效分析

目的 分析股簿肌重建内侧副韧带的可行性与其临床疗效.方法 选择2012年2月至2015年6月于我院接受治疗的68例内侧副韧带断裂患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案不同,分为观察组和对照组,每组34例.对照组患者给予常规韧带修复术治疗,观察组患者给予内侧副韧带重建术治疗.观察并比较两组患者治疗前后的膝关节Lysholm评分、不稳评分等一般情况,两组患者的并发症发生率及临床疗效.结果 术前两组患者的膝关节Lysholm评分及[(51.2±8.3)分vs (52.1±8.6)分]膝关节Lysholm不稳评分[(8.1±2.4)分vs (8.2±2.5)分]均基本相符,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后两组患者的膝关节Lysholm评分[(87.6±11.2)分vs (73.2±10.4)分]及膝关节Lysholm不稳评分[(19.6±2.7)分vs (12.6±2.5)分]均有不同程度升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但观察组患者的膝关节Lysholm评分及膝关节Lysholm不稳评分的上升幅度更为显著,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的并发症发生率明显低于对照组(2.9%vs 17.6%),临床疗效的优良率明显高于对照组(94.1%vs 67.6%),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 股簿肌肌腱可以很好地重建内侧副韧带,且重建术后患者的功能恢复效果良好,适合临床推广应用.     

经皮椎体成形修复非骨质疏松单节段椎体创伤性压缩骨折

BACKGROUND: It is still controversial about whether percutaneous vertebroplasty can be as an option for treatment of non-osteoporotic single-segmental vertebral traumatic compression fractures.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty in repair of non-osteoporotic single-segmental vertebral traumatic compression fractures.METHODS: Totally 20 patients who underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in repair of non-osteoporotic single-segmental vertebral traumatic compression fractures between March 2010 and January 2013 were collected. The variation of visual analog scale scores and the Oswestry disability index scores of patients was observed before and after the repair.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The visual analog scale scores and the Oswestry disability index scores of patients were significantly reduced after repair compared with those before repair, moreover, the visual analog scale scores and the Oswestry disability index scores of patients at the 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after repair were similar. (2) All patients had no adverse effects and complications. (3) These results suggest that percutaneous vertebroplasty in repair of non-osteoporotic single-segmental vertebral traumaticcompression fractures quickly      

经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定并伤椎单侧置钉修复单节段胸腰椎骨折

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation for treatment of thoracolumbar fracture has got good clinical results, but for the injured vertebra body, whether pedicle screw should be implanted in injured vertebra body and unilateral or bilateral implanting screw is still controversial.     

经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定修复单节段胸腰椎骨折：活动度改善12个月随访

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation in repair of single segment of thoracolumbar fracture can overcome quadrilateral effect, get better biomechanical properties, meanwhile, it also can provide three-point fixation, reduce suspension effect, and reduce the formation of kyphosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and incidence of complications of the percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation for treatment of single segment thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS: Totally 36 patients with single segment thoracolumbar fractures treated by percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation were enrolled. A total of 36 vertebral bodies were treated: T11=5, T12=8, L1=17, L2=6. The visual analog scale scores before treatment and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, the Oswestry disability indexes before treatment, at the first week and at the 12th month after treatment, the Cobb angle before treatment, the first day and at the 12th month after treatment were compared and observed. The incidence of complications was recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The visual analog scale scores at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment was significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.001). The Oswestry disability indexes before treatment, at the first week and at the 12th month after treatment were significantly lower those that before treatment (P < 0.001).The Cobb angle before treatment, at the first day and at the 12th month after treatment was significantly smaller than that before treatment (P < 0.001). Only three (8%) patients had complications, including pedicle screw penetrating pedicle into the spinal canal, pedicle screws loosing and the infection in puncture site. These results suggest that percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation for treatment of single segment thoracolumbar fractures can correct kyphosis, improve the thoracolumbar motion, quickly relieve patient’s back pain, and the incidence of complications is low.