Closed loop stimulation helps with weaning from chronotropic incompetence-related ventilator dependence

Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology -     

心理行为疗法与兴趣激励在儿童弱视治疗中的作用

目的:采用心理行为疗法中正强化疗法与兴趣激励结合治疗儿童弱视,并观察其效果。方法:①选择2000-01/2003-06在开封市儿童医院眼科门诊就诊的弱视患儿172例(287眼)。患者及家长知情同意。随机分为2组:对照组87例(141眼);心理干预组85例(146眼)。②对照组采用眼科常用的综合疗法(戴镜+遮盖+红光闪烁及精细作业训练,1次/d,15min/次);心理干预组在常用综合治疗基础上增加心理行为治疗中的正强化疗法及兴趣激励,及时奖赏孩子不同分级的奖品或出游活动,激发弱视儿童的内在合作动机以提高其顺应性。③观察两组患儿视力变化,每3个月复查、验光1次,进行疗效比较。无效为视力退步、不变或提高0.1;有效为视力增长0.2或0.2以上;显著有效为视力提高达≥0.9。有效率=显著有效+有效例数/该组总例数。④计数资料差异性测定采用χ2检验。结果:弱视患儿172例(287眼)均进入结果分析。干预有效率:两组随干预时间延长而增高。干预3个月时,对照组与心理干预组相近(46.1%,49.3%,P>0.05);但干预6和9及12个月时心理干预组明显高于对照组(71.3%,78.8%,83.5%;55.3%,59.6%,64.5%,χ2=7.83,12.43,13.56,P<0.01)。结论:将适合儿童心理特点的心理行为治疗法中的正强化方法与儿童兴趣激励结合起来,可更有效提高对弱视患儿视力水平的治疗效果。     

儿童间歇性外斜视手术前后双眼视功能的临床研究

目的 观察儿童间歇性外斜视手术后双眼视功能的恢复情况.方法 选取168例间歇性外斜视患儿,行斜视矫正手术.手术前后应用同视机检测Ⅰ级视功能和Ⅱ级视功能,用Titmus立体视觉检查图观察Ⅲ级视功能,并对数据进行统计学分析.结果 168例患儿中,术前Ⅰ级视功能82例,术后增加到130例,手术前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前Ⅱ级视功能54例,术后增加至130例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Titmus立体视觉检查图发现,术前远立体视19例,术后增加至71例,82例患者术前有不同程度的近立体视,术后增加至136例,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 手术治疗有助于间歇性外斜视患儿双眼视功能的重建.     

The high prevalence of Legionella pneumophila contamination in hospital potable water systems in Taiwan: implications for hospital infection control in Asia.

BACKGROUND: The major sources of Legionnaires' disease (LD) are the potable water systems of large buildings including hospitals, nursing homes, and hotels. Culturing the hospital water system for Legionella allows a preventive approach for hospital-acquired LD. However, hospital-acquired LD is rarely reported in Taiwan, and environmental cultures of Legionella in hospital water systems in Taiwan have never been systematically performed. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if Legionella is present in hospital water systems in Taiwan. Water quality analysis was also performed to determine if geographic differences in water quality result in different Legionella positivity rates. METHOD: The water systems of 16 hospitals throughout Taiwan were tested for Legionella by culture. Standardized culture procedures were followed. RESULTS: Legionella pneumophila was isolated from 63% (10/16) of the hospital water systems; 19% (3/16) of the hospitals had an L. pneumophila positive rate greater than 30%. L. pneumophila serogroups 1 and 6 (strains that are most responsible for Legionella infections) were isolated from 80% (8/10) and 60% (6/10), respectively, of the hospitals that yielded L. pneumophila in their water distribution systems. CONCLUSION: As was shown in epidemiological studies in the USA and Spain, hospital-acquired legionellosis may be prevalent but underdiagnosed in Taiwan.     

Treatment of Toxoplasma brain abscess with clindamycin and sulfadiazine in an AIDS patient with concurrent atypical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Toxoplasmosis is the most common opportunistic infection of the central nervous system in patients with AIDS. The standard treatment for toxoplasmic encephalitis is pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine. There have been few reports of concurrent Toxoplasma brain abscess and cavitary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in Taiwan. We report the case of a 26-year-old homosexual man with coexisting infection with Toxoplasma gondii and P. carinii who was successfully treated for brain abscess with clindamycin and sulfadiazine. The cavitary lung lesions, initially diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis, were proved to be PCP by lung biopsy. HIV infection and syphilis had been diagnosed 1 year before admission. He presented with general weakness, ataxia, nausea, blurred vision and fever for 2 weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple ring-enhanced lesions over the cerebrum and cerebellum. Chest roentgenography showed a 3-cm lesion with cavitation over the right upper lung field. Diagnostic computerized tomography-guided lung biopsy revealed P. carinii cysts. Clindamycin, sulfadiazine and trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (20 mg/kg/day TMP) were given with good response. His CD4 count rose from 40 to 280/microL 4 months later. All antibiotics were discontinued after 4.5 months due to the development of a skin rash. He was well at follow-up 1 year later. This case suggests that the combination of clindamycin and sulfadiazine is an effective treatment for Toxoplasma brain abscess and highlights the importance of diagnostic lung biopsy for cavitary lung lesions, particularly in a region endemic for tuberculosis.     

原发性高血压患者血浆组织因子途径的变化

凝血与抗凝系统失衡所导致的血栓前状态与高血压的并发症——动脉粥样硬化的发生关系密切。随着凝血两阶段，即外源性凝血(组织因子)途径启动，内源性凝血途径维持学说的确立，组织因子途径的作用日益受到学者的关注，但组织因子途径与高血压的相关性报道国内外少见。本研究旨在观察原发性高血压患者血浆组织因子途径的变化，为高血压并发症的防治提供新的依据。     

Yin-yang balance therapy on regulating cancer stem cells

Researches have shown that cancer stem cells, regulated by the niche where they reside, are the roots of oncogenesis, relapse and metastasis. To date, very few treatments have targeted on cancer stem cells. The authors study that the regulated factors in the niche share the characteristics of yin-yang in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, which has confirmed its therapeutic effects in the prevention and treatment of cancer. So the authors presume that the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine on the prevention and treatment of cancer may be related to the yin-yang balance of the niche of cancer stem cells.     

Melioidosis presenting with isolated splenic abscesses: a case report

Splenic abscesses caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei are rarely reported in Taiwan. Here we report a middle-aged man who presented with fever, chills, and general malaise for several days. Abdominal echo revealed isolated splenic abscesses and he received antibiotics treatment according to the initial blood culture result, Serratia marcescens. However, fever did not subside. Then he was referred to our hospital and meropenem was prescribed. Fever subsided 5 days after the beginning of meropenem administration. Repeated fine-needle aspiration of splenic abscesses drained out the pus, which was cultured as B. pseudomallei. He was finally diagnosed as a case of melioidosis based on microbiological evidence. Physicians must take melioidosis into consideration when splenic abscesses are encountered clinically.