Annealing of Mineral-Like Host Matrices for High-Level Waste Immobilization

Inorganic Materials - We have studied the effect of annealing on the chemical and physical properties of mineral-like host matrices for immobilization of the rare-earth–actinide fraction from...     

The necessity for structural changes and their medico-economic trends in public health

Discusses the new socioeconomic conditions in public health, which imply higher requirements to the use of resources and to their quality. Emphasizes that a physician of a general profile promotes the development of such tendencies, the realization of which, in turn, is conductive to other structural changes reflecting the changes in the population health and in changing need in medical care.     

Liquid Deactivation of Equipment Units in Solutions with Complexing Agents by Electrochemical and Combined Process Intensification

Radiochemistry - Experiments on liquid decontamination of simulators of radiation-contaminated metal equipment with ultrasonic and electrochemical intensification of the process were carried out....     

Study of Reactions between Fluoro-substituted Nucleogenic Phenyl Cations and Benzopyridine Derivatives

Radiochemistry - A study of ion-molecular reactions of fluoro-substituted phenyl cations with benzopyridine derivatives demonstrated the following: (a) at present only the nuclear-chemical method...     

Diagnosis-related groups: a comparative analysis of hospital activity in different countries

Comparative study of hospital activities in the Novgorod district and nine countries of the European Community, carried out within the framework of the International Project CAMISE (Case Mix and Severity) of the European Community on the basis of the classification system for diagnosis-related groups, showed a lower Case Mix Index, a longer hospital stay for all major disease, and a lower surgical activity in the hospitals of the Novgorod district in comparison with other European countries. The detected differences are largely due to specific features in the organization of hospital service in Russia (no special hospitals for acute and chronic patients, no nursing homes) and insufficiently intensive therapeutic and diagnostic process.     

Nuclear-chemical synthesis of tritium-labeled fluorinated isoquinolinium derivatives

The developed nuclear-chemical method allows direct phenylation of the nitrogen atom in the isoquinoline molecule and one-step synthesis of tritium-labeled biomarkers containing previously unknown N-(p-difluorophenyl)isoquinolinium fragment with high radiochemical yield.     

Analysis of the flamelet model for calculation of emissions of pollutants by combustors

Features of the simulation of the formation of pollutants—nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and carbon oxide (CO)—in combustion are considered. The causes of a possible decrease in accuracy in the estimation of NO_x and CO emission in the context of the stationary flamelet model, which is caused by the nonequilibrium character of combustion, are analyzed. It is shown that, in the case of diffusion combustion of fuel in traditional chambers, the formation of NO_x and CO has a nonstationary character amplified by an additional factor, i.e., high gradients of the scalar dissipation of the recovered fuel concentration. A promising method for enhancing the flamelet model, which is connected with transfer to the model in the nonstationary formulation, is considered. By the example of combustion of methane as a model fuel for natural gas, it shown that the flamelet model in the nonstationary formulation favors enhanced accuracy when evaluating NO_x and CO emission.     

Matrices for immobilization of the rare earth–actinide waste fraction,synthesized by cold crucible induction melting

The structure of eight samples containing simulated rare earth–actinide fraction of high-level waste was studied. Samples of weight from 0.2 to 6 kg were prepared by cold crucible induction melting followed by crystallization of the melt. The target phases (britholite, pyrochlore, zirconolite, rhombic and monoclinic rare earth titanates) prevail in all the matrices; glass, zirconolite, and rutile were detected as impurities, sometimes in significant amounts. These phases do not contain waste components (rutile) or are stable in solutions (zirconolite); therefore, their presence should not impair the properties of the matrix. The possibility of controlling the phase composition of the matrix by introducing zirconium or aluminum oxide into the charge was demonstrated.     

Paradigm as a methodological approach to analyzing Russia's public health system

A concept of paradigm is applied to the analysis of the national public health system. Whether it can be used as a methodological regulator in public health management is considered. Evidence is provided for the theoretical premises of constructing a paradigm of the public health system, its philosophical bases, the notional system, methodology, and the technological framework. The theoretical and practical aspects of public health paradigm, such as identification, interpretation, and rationalization are used to analyze at the conceptual and practical level, as well as search for new ways of reforming the public health system by the paradigm approach as a deeper development of the existing paradigm or its modification. This can become a foundation for the realignments of the theoretical and practical bases of the national public health system. The formation of the new paradigm of the public health system is to take place not in a revolutionary, but in a developmental mode. Priority should be given not to radical transformations and drastic changing of the key concepts, but to the fluent increasing of new knowledge and their inclusion of the theory and practice of public health. The promises of using the paradigm methodology, allowing the internal and external principles of the operation and function of the public health system to be integrated. In this context, the paradigm approach may be used as a methodological tool for analyzing person-society-state-economy-management relations within the framework of the public health system.