Quantum Sensing in a Physiological‐Like Cell Niche Using Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Embedded in Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (fNDs) containing nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers are promising candidates for quantum sensing in biological environments. This work describes the fabrication and implementation of electrospun poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofibers embedded with fNDs for optical quantum sensing in an environment, which recapitulates the nanoscale architecture and topography of the cell niche. A protocol that produces uniformly dispersed fNDs within electrospun nanofibers is demonstrated and the resulting fibers are characterized using fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and longitudinal spin relaxometry results for fNDs and embedded fNDs are compared. A new approach for fast detection of time varying magnetic fields external to the fND embedded nanofibers is demonstrated. ODMR spectra are successfully acquired from a culture of live differentiated neural stem cells functioning as a connected neural network grown on fND embedded nanofibers. This work advances the current state of the art in quantum sensing by providing a versatile sensing platform that can be tailored to produce physiological‐like cell niches to replicate biologically relevant growth environments and fast measurement protocols for the detection of co‐ordinated endogenous signals from clinically relevant populations of electrically active neuronal circuits.     

Conjugation of amino-bioactive glasses with 5-aminofluorescein as probe molecule for the development of pH sensitive stimuli-responsive biomaterials

Bioceramics, such as silica-based glasses, are widely used in bone and teeth restoration. Nowadays, the association between nanotechnology and pharmacology is one of the most promising research fields in cancer therapy. The advanced processing methods and new chemical strategies allow the incorporation of drugs within them or on their functionalized surfaces. Bioceramics can act as local drug delivery systems to treat bone and teeth diseases. The present paper reports data related to the development of a pH-stimuli responsive bioactive glass. The glass conjugation with 5-aminofluorescein (5-AF), through a pH-sensitive organic spacer, allows to produce a pH-responsive bioactive biomaterial: when it is exposed to specific pH changes, it can favour the release of 5-AF directly at the target site. 5-AF has been chosen as a simple, low cost, non toxic model to simulate doxorubicin, an anticancer drug. As doxorubicin, 5-AF contains an amino group in its structure in order to form an amide bond with the carboxylic functionalities of the glass. Raman spectroscopy and thermal analysis confirm the glass conjugation of 5-AF by means of an amide bond; the amount of 5-AF loaded was very high (≈65 and 44 wt%). The release tests at two different pH (4.2 and 7.4) show that the amount of released 5-AF is higher at acid pH with respect to physiological one. This preliminary datum evidenced that a pH-sensitive drug delivery system has been developed. The low amount of 5-AF released (<1 wt% of the total 5-AF) is due to the very low solubility of 5-AF in aqueous medium. This disadvantage, may be overcome in a dynamic environment (physiological conditions), where it is possible to obtain a drug release system ensuring an effective therapeutic dose for long times and, at the same time, avoiding the drug toxicity.     

Physicochemical Properties of Caribbean Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) Starches

The proximate compositions and physicochemical properties of 21 Caribbean sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) starches were investigated. Proximate composition, amylose, reducing and non-reducing sugars were determined using standard methods. Swelling power and solubility were evaluated and pasting properties of the starches were determined using Rapid Visco Analyzer. Moisture (8.0–12.4%), protein (0.0–0.2%), ash (0.1–0.5%), and reducing (0.3–2.3%) and non-reducing sugar (0.1–0.2%) contents of starches were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the cultivars. Amylose content varied significantly between 12.8–21.3%. Swelling power and solubility ranged between 7.8–31.1% and 1.5–9.6%, respectively. Pasting properties such as peak viscosity measured in Rapid Visco Units (143.2–288.8 RVU), breakdown viscosity (29.4–162.6 RVU), and setback viscosity (15.0–78.8 RVU), pasting temperature (73.5–87.7 °C) and time to pasting temperature (3.6–4.5 min) varied significantly among the cultivars. Breakdown viscosity was poorly correlated with final viscosity attained (r = − 0.0507, P < 0.05); however, pasting temperature was correlated (r = 0.479, P < 0.05) with setback viscosity. The variability observed in the physicochemical properties of the starches was related to specific requirements for use in the production of noodles, pasta, and inclusion in bread and weaning food formulations.     

Halogen lamp rapid thermal annealing of Si- and Be-implanted In0.53Ga0.47As

Halogen lamp rapid thermal annealing was used to activate 100 keV Si and 50 keV Be implants in In_0.53Ga_0.47As for doses ranging between 5 × 10¹²−4 × 10¹⁴ cm⁻². Anneals were performed at different temperatures and time durations. Close to one hundred percent activation was obtained for the 4.1 × 10¹³ cm⁻² Si-implant, using an 850° C/5 s anneal. Si in-diffusion was not observed for the rapid thermal annealing temperatures and times used in this study. For the 5 × 10¹³ cm⁻² Be-implant, a maximum activation of 56% was measured. Be-implant depth profiles matched closely with gaussian profiles predicted by LSS theory for the 800° C/5 s anneals. Peak carrier concentrations of 1.7 × 10¹⁹ and 4 × 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ were achieved for the 4 × 10¹⁴ cm⁻² Si and Be implants, respectively. For comparison, furnace anneals were also performed for all doses.     

适用于非同步采样的含DG配电网多端 单相故障定位方法研究

为解决含DG配电网多端故障定位问题,并使定位结果不受非同步采样因素的影响,提出了一种适用于非同步采样的含DG配电网故障区间定位新算法。这种方法建立含DG配电网三相阻抗模型,分析并提取含DG配网三相阻抗模型下的故障特征。根据故障点故障特征值的特点,遍历所有节点,得到故障的关联节点。所定义的故障特征值计算只运用测量点信号幅值,而与测量相角无关,从源头上避免了非同步误差的引入,故可适用于非同步采样下的故障测距。通过在一个位于美国东南部的12.47 kV配电系统进行测试,验证了该方法的准确性。     

淬火温度对刀剪用M390粉末冶金不锈钢组织和性能的影响

通过对M390粉末冶金不锈钢进行不同温度下的平衡相计算和真空气淬+低温回火处理,研究了淬火温度对回火后显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着淬火温度的升高,M390钢回火后的碳化物尺寸不断长大,单位面积的颗粒数量减少而所占面积分数提高,碳化物分布均匀性降低。硬度随淬火温度的升高呈先上升后略微下降趋势,在1130 ℃淬火时达到最大值60.2 HRC,回火后降为58.5 HRC。抗弯强度受淬火温度的影响不大,为4000 MPa级水平。为获得良好性能,淬火温度应控制在1200 ℃以下,1130~1180 ℃真空气淬+200 ℃低温回火是刀剪用M390钢的最佳热处理工艺制度。     

DC and RF characteristics of doped multichannelAlAs0.56Sb0.44/In0.53Ga0.47As field effect transistors with variable gate-lengths

Depletion-mode doped-channel field effect transistors (DCFETs) using a AlAs_0.56Sb_0.44/In_0.53Ga_0.47 As heterostructure with multiple channels grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on an InP substrate are presented. Devices with gate lengths ranging from 0.2 μm to 1.0 μm have been fabricated. Three doped In_0.53Ga_0.47As channels separated by undoped AlAs_0.56Sb_0.44 layers are used for the devices. The devices exhibit unity current gain cut-off frequencies typically between 18 GHz and 73 GHz and corresponding maximum oscillation frequencies typically between 60 GHz and 160 GHz. The multiple channel approach results in wide linearity of dc and RF performance of the device     

不同料型、存放时间及制粒过程对嗜热毛壳菌木聚糖酶活性影响的研究

采用体外酶活检测的方法,针对不同料型、存放时间和饲料制粒的加工过程导致的酶活损失进行了研究。结果表明:不同料型极显著影响木聚糖酶的活性(P<0.01),在预混合饲料、浓缩饲料、全价饲料中24h木聚糖酶的剩余活性分别为:15.41%、23.22%和26.97%,随着存放时间的延长,木聚糖酶的活性逐渐降低(P<0.01),存放45d后木聚糖酶在预混合饲料、浓缩饲料、全价饲料中的活性又可降低42.83%、31.93%和19.85%。加工过程极显著影响嗜热毛壳菌纤维酶中木聚糖酶的活性(P<0.01),经过混合、调质、制粒和冷却工艺后,木聚糖酶的活性分别降至56.68%、32.48%、24.00%和27.42%。     

油品储运自控系统及过程仪表的设计

以上海海滨油库为例,介绍了罐区监控和数据采集系统SCADA、自动定量装车控制系统、装船系统的自控设计方案. 着重讨论了油品储罐液位计的设计、选型、安装等方案,并分别讨论了汽车上装及下装的控制模式.