Kinetic analysis of bile salt passage across a dialysis membrane in the presence of cereal soluble dietary fibre polymers

The kinetics of passage of a model bile salt and complete porcine bile across a dialysis membrane, in the presence and absence of two cereal-derived soluble dietary fibre polysaccharides, were studied as a model for passage across the unstirred water layer that lines the small intestine. A first-order kinetic analysis allowed rate coefficients to be derived which quantified the effectiveness of barley mixed linkage β-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan in retarding the transport of bile. For both, a model bile salt and complete porcine bile, rate coefficients decreased with both concentration and viscosity. A combination of viscosity and molecular interaction effects is suggested to control the effect of the two polysaccharides on the transport of bile.     

Data-driven next-generation smart grid towards sustainable energy evolution: techniques and technology review

Meteorological changes urge engineering communities to look for sustainable and clean energy technologies to keep the environment safe by reducing CO2 emissions. The structure of these technologies relies on the deep integration of advanced data-driven techniques which can ensure efcient energy generation, transmission, and distribution. After conducting thorough research for more than a decade, the concept of the smart grid (SG) has emerged, and its practice around the world paves the ways for efcient use of reliable energy technology. However, many developing features evoke keen interest and their improvements can be regarded as the next-generation smart grid (NGSG). Also, to deal with the non-linearity and uncertainty, the emergence of data-driven NGSG technology can become a great initiative to reduce the diverse impact of non-linearity. This paper exhibits the conceptual framework of NGSG by enabling some intelligent technical features to ensure its reliable operation, including intelligent control, agent-based energy conversion, edge computing for energy management, internet of things (IoT) enabled inverter, agent-oriented demand side management, etc. Also, a study on the development of data-driven NGSG is discussed to facilitate the use of emerging data-driven techniques (DDTs) for the sustainable operation of the SG. The prospects of DDTs in the NGSG and their adaptation challenges in real-time are also explored in this paper from various points of view including engineering, technology, et al. Finally, the trends of DDTs towards securing sustainable and clean energy evolution from the NGSG technology in order to keep the environment safe is also studied, while some major future issues are highlighted. This paper can ofer extended support for engineers and researchers in the context of data-driven technology and the SG.     

Magical bullets from an indigenous Indian medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia: An in silico approach for the antidote of SARS-CoV-2

World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Till now, a diverse array of drugs failed to combat. There is an immense need of novel lead molecules on a urgent basis. Medicinal plants are the reservoir of secondary metabolites. In silico approach has been carried out to dock the ligands (various secondary metabolites from Tinospora cordifolia) to the target (SARS-CoV-2 main protease) and compared its efficacy against standard drugs (Azithromycin, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, Favipiravir, Remdesivir). In silico molecular docking approach provides insight into the screened molecules that might prove to be an effective inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2. Out of five standard drug molecules, two widely used antiviral drugs (Favipiravir and Remdesivir) are ascribed as the most potent molecules based on their highest docking score in the present study. Columbin, Tinosporide, N-trans-feruloyl-tyramine-diacetate, Amritoside C, Amritoside B, Amritoside A, Tinocordifolin, Palmatoside G, Palmatoside F, and Maslinic acids are other molecules considered to be the key molecules based on their docking score (range between -5.02 to ?5.72).     

Control design approach for improved voltage stability in microgrid energy storage system

Microsystem Technologies - Nowadays, microgrid energy storage system is in great demand in order to compensate the demand-generation mismatch. In this study a new control design strategy is...     

全球半导体产业2008酝酿巨变中国将扮演重要角色

小小的半导体不仅蕴含着巨大商机,还将在各个领域改变并改善人们的生活.全球半导体行业在2008年将继续发力"上扬",引爆全球产业大商机.     

Remembrance of data passed: a study of disk sanitization practices

Many discarded hard drives contain information that is both confidential and recoverable, as the authors' own experiment shows. The availability of this information is little publicized, but awareness of it will surely spread.     

Compact 50-Hz terawatt Ti:sapphire laser for x-ray and nonlinear optical spectroscopy

We report a high-repetition-rate, compact terawatt Ti:sapphire laser system. The oscillator produces an 82-MHz pulse train consisting of broad-bandwidth pulses of 0.5-nJ/pulse energy and of 9-fs pulse duration. The spectrally shaped, lambda/4 regenerative amplifier supports an 80-nm bandwidth. A single 50-Hz repetition-rate pump laser pumps both the regenerative amplifier and a multiple-pass amplifier. The final output from this laser is a 50-Hz pulse train made from pulses of 53 mJ/pulse energy and of 24-fs pulse duration. For generating ultrafast x-ray pulses, 90% of the energy from the final output of a 28-mm-diameter (1/e2) beam is focused onto an ultrafast x-ray wire target. The energy conversion efficiency from optical (800-nm central wavelength) to x-ray (characteristic lines of K(alpha) from Cu at 8 keV) pulses is estimated to be 7 x 10(-5). This laser system can also generate a lower-peak-power, dual-pulse output that can excite, simultaneously and coherently, Raman modes within an adjustable bandwidth (up to 700 cm(-1)) and at a tunable central vibrational frequency. Preliminary results for the generation of dual-pulse output and ultrafast x rays are presented.     

Tricalcium Silicate T1 and T2 Polymorphic Investigations: Rietveld Refinement at Various Temperatures Using Synchrotron Powder Diffraction

The lattice parameters, cell volume, and structure of a sample of phase pure triclinic tricalcium silicate were determined using in situ, high-temperature synchrotron powder diffraction and full-profile Rietveld refinement. The temperature range covered was from ambient to 740°C. Evidence of superstructure was found. The T₂ type structure with disordered SiO₄ tetrahedra was observed, and an average structure for the subcell ( P     , a = 11.7416(2) Å, b = 14.2785(2) Å, c = 13.7732(2) Å, α= 105.129(1)°, β= 94.415(1)°, and γ= 89.889(1)°) is presented. Differential thermal analysis and X-ray fluorescence was also performed.