新生代审美劳动者的劳动过程与自我锻造

近年来,"情感劳动"由于过于强调劳动者情感与自我的二元分割而遭到挑战.研究引入"审美劳动"概念,探索当前审美经济勃兴之下的服务业一线劳工的劳动过程转变与自我认同锻造之间的博弈与整合.援引布尔迪厄"具身展演"与地位消费理论,研究发现健身教练的自我锻造兼具区分与整合两个向度.健身教练在与消费者的互动中运用自身外形、表情、举止和语言等身体资源,酝酿与顾客相吻合的品味,作为服务的生产者和消费者,健身教练得以建立区隔性的自我投射,将自己打造为"理想的他者";健身教练通过建立老师与激励者角色认同,发掘并利用自身性格特质的方式,统合他们在自我的展演与原真性之间的拉力,并成为"更好的自己".研究回应了学界对服务业劳动者自我认同中存在的异化与融合二元论.审美劳动者在自我认同锻造中体现出的微妙平衡,反映了"90后""00后"一代奋进与迷茫共生的思想状态.     

Social investment effects of public education,health care,and welfare service expenditures on economic growth

The purpose of this study is to theoretically and empirically examine whether public spending in education, health care, and welfare service operates as a fruitful investment in welfare states, which has been implied in the literature of social investment arguments. Based on comprehensive review of existing literature, this study suggested a tripartite mechanism of social investment effect of such spending, that is “enhancement of human capital,” “support for labor force participation,” and “job creation.” To find the empirical evidence, a pooled time‐series cross‐section analysis was conducted with the data of 15 advanced welfare states from 1980 to 2015 using estimation technique of fixed‐effect model. The results confirmed that public spending in education, health care, and welfare service had a positive medium‐term as well as long‐term effect on economic performance, while cash‐type welfare spending had an obscure or no visible effect on economy. Government consumption that is a proxy and control variable of size of the welfare state showed a positive effect on real GDP in the medium term but a negative effect in the long run. In conclusion, this study suggests that reinforcing social services should be recognized and dealt with as essence of social investment strategy.     

小微企业抽样调查的样本追加研究

本文理论结合实际,对小微企业的多层次推断问题进行研究。根据目前政府统计的实际,选择较为灵活的样本追加方法,在实际调查中实现"按需追加"。针对小微企业特点,结合分层抽样的方法,系统研究了小微企业子总体和域内样本追加的理论及其实际应用,得到结论"在子总体或域内各层中初始抽样和样本追加两次抽样的联合,等价于在各层中进行简单随机无放回抽样",并推导了估计量及其方差。同时,进行了实证模拟研究,验证了有关结论。本文为小微企业样本追加的实践提供了科学依据,能够有效提升小微企业多层次抽样推断的效率。     

京津冀城市圈公共服务供给水平测度及其区域差异分析

京津冀公共服务一体化是突破京津冀发展瓶颈,推动京津冀区域协同发展的重要抓手之一。本文以京津冀城市圈13个城市为研究区域,通过构建公共服务供给水平的评价指标体系,利用熵值法测度了2014-2017年京津冀城市圈各城市的公共服务供给水平,并对其呈现出的区域格局及区域差异进行探讨,结果显示:京津冀城市圈不同城市间公共服务供给水平差异显著,呈现出以北京和天津为中心逐渐衰减的空间格局;2014-2017年京津冀城市圈不同城市间公共服务供给水平的区域差异逐渐缩小,公共服务供给水平由不均衡格局逐渐向均衡格局演进。本文研究结果为推进京津冀城市圈公共服务协调发展提供建议参考。     

乡村振兴背景下羌族村寨体育非遗文化与乡村旅游融合发展研究

发展乡村旅游是民族地区实施乡村振兴战略的重要突破口。乡村旅游转型升级和创新发展的关键在于产业融合。羌族村寨体育非遗文化与乡村旅游具备融合基础和条件,融合过程要经历资源融合、产品融合和市场融合三个阶段,制约因素来自于融合主体、客体和政府部门三个方面。融合模式包括旅游节庆、旅游演出和体育赛事。以国家4A级旅游景区——理县桃坪羌寨为例进行实证研究,分析桃坪羌寨的农文体旅融合的基础、机理和面临的困境。最后提出建议：重视非遗传承,加强人才培养;完善治理机制,深化土地改革;深挖非遗文化,打造品牌节事;设立合作组织,实现合营互助。     

Quality Management in Multi‐Level Supply Chains with Outsourced Manufacturing

Outsourcing stretches supply chains longer with added contract manufacturers responsible for the manufacturing of parts and final products. Should a firm change its quality management approach as its supply chain becomes longer with outsourced manufacturing? This paper studies a brand owner's optimal choice between two commonly used quality management approaches: an inspection‐based approach and an external failure‐based approach, in two supply chains – a dyadic supply chain and a multi‐level supply chain where the brand owner outsources manufacturing to an independent contract manufacturer. Our study finds that the brand owner's optimal choice between the two quality management approaches could be opposite in the two supply chains. Specifically, we show that if agency costs exist between the contract manufacturer and the brand owner, the brand owner may prefer an inspection‐based approach in the multi‐level supply chain in contrast to preferring an external failure‐based approach in the dyadic supply chain. In particular, inspections can be effective for the brand owner to limit the manufacturer's profit by excluding defective finished products and components, which in turn reduce agency costs in the multi‐level supply chain. Hence, the efficiency of an inspection‐based approach relative to an external failure‐based approach can be higher in the multi‐level supply chain as compared to the dyadic one. Our findings suggest that firms should adjust to changes in supply chain structures and re‐evaluate the efficiencies of different quality management approaches accordingly.     

民国的风俗变革与变革风俗

民国时期是时代大发展、社会大变革的时期 ,风俗的演进也进入到转型的阶段。风俗的全面变革促使了一系列变革风俗的产生。文章论述了当时风俗文化演进的三种趋势———对人的尊重、对迷信的涤荡以及政治因素的渗入 ,是民国风俗步入现代化进程的显著标志