Perspective:Societally connected multimedia across cultures

The advance of the Internet in the past decade has radically changed the way people communicate and col- laborate with each other. Physical distance is no more a barrier in online social networks, but cultural differences (at the individual, community, as well as societal levels) still govern human-human interactions and must be con- sidered and leveraged in the online world. The rapid de-ployment of high-speed Internet allows humans to interact using a rich set of multimedia data such as texts, pictures, and videos. This position paper proposes to define a new research area called ’connected multimedia’, which is the study of a collection of research issues of the super-area social media that receive little attention in the literature. By connected multimedia, we mean the study of the social and technical interactions among users, multimedia data, and devices across cultures and explicitly exploiting the cultural differences. We justify why it is necessary to bring attention to this new research area and what benefits of this new research area may bring to the broader scientific research community and the humanity.     

基于朴素贝叶斯算法的中文评论分类

针对中文评论分类问题,采用朴素贝叶斯算法进行深入研究.首先,根据中文评论分类的需求设计了朴素贝叶斯分类器;然后,使用WEKA以不同特征提取方式对其功能性进行了对比分析.通过一系列的实验数据的横向对比表明,在朴素贝叶斯分类器下采用集成特征选取时文本分类的准确率最佳,准确率达97.65％,验证了朴素贝叶斯分类器在处理中文评论分类问题的可应用性.     

System identification and on-line robust control of a multivariable system

System identification and on-line robust control have been developed for a multi-variable system with dead times. For system identification, a modified Astrom and Hagglund' s autotuning method is applied to obtain the transfer function matrix. An accurate transfer function matrix can be obtained using the proposed method. However, if the system has noises, an accurate transfer function matrix may not be obtained even if a relay with hysteresis is used. Modelling error is unavoidable. An on-line robust control based on a stability index is proposed to improve the performance of the control system     

Thermomechanical Behavior of Refractory Concrete Linings

A numerical analysis model was developed for predicting the behavior of dual-component, refractory-lined coal-gasification vessels. The temperature-dependent constitutive law, failure criteria, creep behavior, thermal expansion contraction behavior, and shrinkage characteristics of refractory concrete were formulated. To verify the proposed model, a three-dimensional simulation analysis was made of an experimental gasifier vessel. The model was then used to study parameters on a circular, dual-component, refractory concrete-lined coal-gasification vessel. The effects of shrinkage, creep, temperature distributions, vessel shell temperatures, bond barriers and anchor spacing, size, and shape on the performance of the gasifier vessel were studied. Design recommendations are made to aid in improving the mechanical reliability of refractory concrete-lined coal-gasification vessels.     

Performance of the Prototype Fortran D Compiler

Fortran D is a version of Fortran enhanced with data decomposition specifications. Case studies illustrate strengths and weaknesses of the prototype Fortran D compiler when compiling linear algebra codes and whole programs. Statement groups, execution conditions, inter-loop communication optimizations, multi-reductions, and array kills for replicated arrays are identified as new compilation issues. On the Intel iPSC/860, the output of the prototype Fortran D compiler approaches the performance of hand-optimized code for parallel computations, but needs improvement for linear algebra and pipelined codes. The Fortran D compiler outperforms the CM Fortran compiler (2.1 beta) by a factor of four or more on the TMC CM-5 when not using vector units. Its performance is comparable to the DEC and IBM HPF compilers on a Alpha cluster and SP-2. Better analysis, run-time support, and flexibility are required for the prototype compiler to be useful for a wider range of programs. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of the Process Parameters on Austenitic Stainless Steel by TIG-Flux Welding

The effects of the process parameters of TIG （tungsten inset gas）-flux welding on the welds morphology, angular distortion, ferrite content and hot cracking in austenitic stainless steel were investigated. Autogenous TIG welding process was applied to the type 304 stainless steel through a thin layer of activating flux to produce a bead on plate welded joint. TiO2, SiO2, Fe2O3, Cr2O3, ZnO and MnO2 were used as the activating fluxes. The experimental results indicated that the TIG-flux welding can increase the weld depth/width ratio and reduce the HAZ （heat affected zone） range, and therefore the angular distortion of the weldment can be reduced. It was also found that the retained ferrite content within the TIG-flux welds is increased, and has a beneficial effect in reducing hot cracking tendency for stainless steels of the austenitic type weld metals. A plasma column constriction increases the current density at the anode spot and then a substantial increase in penetration of the TIG-flux welds can be obtained.     

Development of foundation models for Internet of Things

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) that offers capabilities to identify and connect worldwide physical objects into a unified system, the importance of modeling and processing IoT data has become significantly accentuated. IoT data is substantial in quantity, noisy, heterogeneous, inconsistent, and arrives at the system in a streaming fashion. Due to the unique characteristics of IoT data, the manipulation of IoT data for practical applications has encountered many fundamental challenging problems, such as data modeling and processing. This paper proposes the infrastructure for an IoT prototype system that aims to develop foundation models for IoT data. We illustrate major modules in the IoT prototype, as well as their functionalities, and provide our vision of the key techniques used for tacking the critical problems in each module.     

Sorption of Ethyl Butyrate and Octanal Constituents of Orange Essence by Polymeric Adsorbents

Sorption characteristics, rates and capacities of polymeric adsorbents (XAD-4, XAD-7, XAD-16, Duolite ES-865, Duolite S-761, Porapak-Q and XUS-43436) for ethyl butyrate and octanal were determined using model solutions. Sorption of these two principal components of aqueous orange essence, was evaluated utilizing the Freundlich isotherm model. Breakthrough curves were determined using XAD-16 as adsorbent. The capacity of XAD-16 for ethyl butyrate in the column system was 426±212 mg/g. There was no column breakthrough for octanal even after 130 bed volumes. Most (91.4%) of the adsorbed ethyl butyrate was eluted from XAD-16 resin by 95% ethanol elution. Recovery of adsorbed octanal from the resin was 66.4%.     

Effects of spinel phase formation in the calcination process on the characteristics of ZnO–glass varistors

Ceramic varistors based on ZnO with lead zinc borosilicate glass were prepared in order to study the effects of various calcination processes on the formation of spinel phase during the sintering process, including the effects of different temperatures and soaking times. A ZnO–glass sample was prepared using powder calcined at 600°C for 10 h then sintered at 1250°C for 1 h; this sample possessed the highest non-linear coefficient, breakdown voltage and non-linear resistance as well as the lowest leakage current. The optimum amount of Zn7Sb2O12 spinel phase, formed in the calcination process, that can inhibit ZnO grain growth in the subsequent sintering plays an important role in the grain size distribution and stability of ZnO–glass ceramic varistors. Uniform distribution of the grain size obtained from suitable calcination processes was an important microstructural parameter in achieving a good device stability of ZnO–glass varistors. The dynamic resistance and the non-linear resistance of the ZnO–glass varistor, correlated with the average grain size, were proposed to describe insulating characteristics of the varistor samples. Increases in these two parameters, created by decreasing the grain size, enhances the sample clamping voltage during the surge impact and the sample breakdown voltage. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.