协调成本、内生劳动分工与区域经济增长——加里·贝克尔内生经济增长模型评述

诺贝尔经济学奖获得者加里@贝克尔提出的内生劳动分工经济增长模型在众多内生经济增长模型中具有其独特的视角和方法.一方面,与罗默等人通过知识的外部性、人力资本积累或物质资本积累来揭示收益递增或不变的经济增长模型不同,贝克尔特别强调了劳动分工在整个增长过程中的重要性,并将劳动分工、协调成本和知识这些重要的变量整合在一个模型中,作为内生变量共同解释经济增长;另一方面,又与以超边际分析为工具的杨小凯分工演进模型不同,模型依然采用主流经济学的分析方法.这一模型比较适合于用来解释区域经济增长水平的差异.当然,这个模型仍然存在一些问题,如对市场、协调成本、一般知识等项目的定义不够清晰,有必要进一步修改和完善.     

公司价值解析

作者认为,相对于其重要性而言,关于公司价值尤其是其定量方面的研究很不充分。作者在总结前人的研究,建立了公司价值的定量描述模型,分析了公司价值增长的类型,说明了内部融资和外部融资下公司价值的不同,进而解释了上市公司普遍存在的“规模偏好”和“圈钱偏好”。     

试析民事审判证据规则的道德取向——以“天津市第一中心医院诉郑荣华欠费案”的审判为例

以证据距离原理和道德成本最小化规则衡量,认为"天津市第一中心医院诉郑荣华欠费案"判决结果中存在理性偏颇,提出在民事审判证据规则的运用中,应坚持符合民众价值取向的道德立场。     

Housing Cost Burden,Poverty Status,and Economic Hardship among Low-income Families

This study examined the relative effects of housing cost burden versus poverty thresholds to explain the economic hardship of low-income families and compared the differences in these effects among White, Black, and Hispanic families with children in the United States of America. The findings from the multivariate analyses indicate that poverty status better explains variations in economic hardship than housing cost burden status. In respect to group differences, association between poverty status and economic hardship score are different between White and Black families. The results of this study raise the issues of housing cost burden and economic hardship that the country’s low-income Black families disproportionately experience relative to their White and Hispanic counterparts.

论我国社会主义初级阶段教育机会均等的选择

本文总结国内外学者对教育机会均等的认识, 探讨教育机会均等概念的内涵以及影响教育机会均等的阶级和社会基础, 分析教育机会均等发展的制约条件和影响因素, 研究我国社会主义初级阶段教育机会均等的选择模式, 探讨我国现阶段教育改革应遵循的一些基本原则     

阿罗悖论的起源及其在实践中的应用

阿罗悖论是经济理论界的哥德尔定理。本文从历史与机制两方面详尽分析阿罗悖论的起源 ,认为在'剩余'产品社会出现后 ,由于自然约束的松弛 ,无论运用投票选择机制 ,还是货币选择机制 ,都无法在满足所有个人私有利益的前提下 ,从逻辑上导出社会整体利益同时也被满足的结论 ;'剩余'产品的出现及自然约束的松弛 ,是阿罗悖论出现的深层原因。文中还运用阿罗悖论对公平与效率的分离问题和确立中国社会主义市场经济体制的决策过程进行了分析。     

Development of measures to assess dimensions of IS operation transactions

Information Systems (IS) researchers often rely on Organization Economics models to describe and explain various IS management issues. While those models are found to be useful, measures are yet to be proposed to assess the dimensions of IS transactions. In this paper we present the results of a study that was a first effort toward this end. The focus of the study was on one type of transaction, IS operations, in a particular management context, that of outsourcing. Measures were developed for four critical dimensions of IS operation transactions: asset specificity, measurement problem, origin of the most important investment, and governance mechanism. Data from 250 large Canadian firms were used to assess the measures, using the partial least squares technique.     

Ex Post Problems in Buyer–Supplier Transactions: Effects of Transaction Characteristics, Social Embeddedness, and Contractual Governance

This paper focuses on ex post governance of inter-firm transactions. We develop and test hypotheses on the occurrence of ex post problems like delivery delays, inferior quality, and insufficient service in buyer–supplier transactions. Our hypotheses address effects of transaction characteristics, of social embeddedness, and of contractual governance on the occurrence of problems. Other than earlier research on embeddedness effects in this field, we consider not only effects of dyadic embeddedness but also effects of network embeddedness. We test hypotheses using rich survey data on more than 1200 purchases of information technology (IT) products: hardware and software, both standard and complex. We find evidence for effects of transaction characteristics on the occurrence of problems, while our data do not support hypotheses on effects of contractual governance. Our data provide rather consistent support for hypotheses on the effects of embeddedness. Specifically, we find evidence that network embeddedness reduces problems.     

企业获取成本竞争优势的价值链分析法

本文把价值链作为成本分析的系统框架和基本工具,描述了价值链及其组成部分,阐述了怎样使用成本驱动因素的概念和方法分析成本行为,指出了企业获取成本竞争优势的两种主要方法和我国企业成本管理的五大误区。     

委托─代理理论中自然状态的不确定性对最优契约影响的研究

本文考虑了委托─代理理论中代理人和委托人对于不确定的自然状态可能会有不同的概率,另外还考虑了自然状态对代理人努力负效用的影响,对委托─代理模型进行了拓展研究,使原有模型成为一个特例。通过一个简化的委托─代理框架进行分析,结果表明,代理人对自然状态的概率与代理人可能付出的努力水平有正相关关系,而且代理人和委托人对自然状态的概率对最优契约有不可忽视的影响。