基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探讨大黄素保护AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的作用机制

目的基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探讨大黄素保护AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的作用机制。方法将AR42J细胞以1×10~5/mL铺于6孔板,分为对照组、雨蛙素组(雨蛙素10~(-8) mol/L)、大黄素组(终浓度0.25、0.5、1.0mg/L),通过碘-淀粉比色法淀粉酶(AMS)试剂盒测定细胞上清淀粉酶活力水平,确定雨蛙素刺激AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的收样时间;ELISA法检测TNF-α活力;Western blot法分析JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白的表达情况。结果①与对照组比较,雨蛙素组中的AMS、TNF-α、JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白表达量显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。②与雨蛙素组比较,大黄素各干预组可显著降低雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的淀粉酶活力、TNF-α含量、JAK2和STAT3的mRNA相对表达量,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。③大黄素0.5、1.0 mg/L干预组的作用优于0.25 mg/L干预组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论大黄素能够减轻雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤,其作用机制可能与调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路有关。     

Cinnamaldehyde suppresses NLRP3 derived IL-1β via activating succinate/HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis rats

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is an essential component of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia Presland), which is often used as a flavoring condiment in beverages, pastries, perfumes, etc. Cinnamon is also used as herbal medicine in China and Southeast Asia to treat rheumatoid arthritis. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects against Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using activated macrophages (Raw246.7) in vitro and adjuvant arthritis rats (AA) in vivo. The results demonstrated that CA significantly reduced synovial inflammation in AA rats, possibly due to suppression of the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially the IL-1β. Further investigation found that CA also suppressed the activity of HIF-1α by inhibiting the accumulation of succinate in cytoplasm. As we know, the reduction of HIF-1α nucleation slows down IL-1β production, because HIF-1α activates the expression of NLRP3, which is involved in the assembly of inflammasome and processing of IL-1β. In addition, CA also inhibited the expression of the succinate receptor GPR91, which in turn inhibited the activation of HIF-1α. In conclusions, our results suggested that CA might be a potential therapeutic compound to relieve rheumatoid arthritis progress by suppressing IL-1β through modulating succinate/HIF-1α axis and inhibition of NLRP3.     

Extending multilevel spatial models to include spatially varying coefficients

Multilevel models have long been used by health geographers working on questions of space, place, and health. Similarly, health geographers have pursued interests in determining whether or not the effect of an exposure on a health outcome varies spatially. However, relatively little work has sought to use multilevel models to explore spatial variability in the effects of a contextual exposure on a health outcome. Methodologically, extending multilevel models to allow intercepts and slopes to vary spatially is straightforward. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to show how multilevel spatial models can be extended to include spatially varying covariate effects. We provide an empirical example on the effect of agriculture on malaria risk in children under 5 years of age in the Democratic Republic of Congo.     

腹腔镜下直肠癌保肛术治疗直肠癌的效果观察

目的探讨腹腔镜下直肠癌保肛术治疗直肠癌的效果。方法选定2018年9月-2019年4月本院收诊的94例直肠癌患者,等距抽样法分为对照组(47例,套入式吻合保肛术)与观察组(47例,腹腔镜下直肠癌保肛术)2组,比较2组排气时间、术中出血量、手术时间、并发症发生率指标。结果观察组排气时间、术中出血量、手术时间、并发症发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜下直肠癌保肛术可提高直肠癌患者预后质量与治疗效果。     

Risk factors of rib metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with rib 99mTc- MDP foci on whole-body bone scansCSCD

Objective To investigate the correlation of rib 99mTc-MDP foci on whole-body bone scan with clinical variables and rib metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients, and to screen the risk factors of rib metastases. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 312 NPC patients with rib 99mTc-MDP foci on wholebody bone scan. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the correlation between clinical variables and rib metastases. Results In all 312 NPC patients, rib metastases were associated with T stage, skull base bone invasion, other bone metastasis, number of rib foci, lateral localization on rib and foci type (P<0.01), and the risk factors of rib metastasis included skull base bone invasion, other bone metastases, lateral localization on rib and foci type (P<0.05). In 176 patients with pure rib foci, rib metastases were closely related to T stage, skull base bone invasion, other bone metastasis, number of rib foci and lateral localization on rib (P<0.05), while only lobar distribution (P=0.029) was the effective risk factor. In 198 patients with single rib focus, rib metastases were affected by skull base bone invasion and foci type (P<0.01), while only foci type (P=0.000) was the effective risk factor. In all 566 rib foci, uptake level and localization on rib were the effective risk factors of rib metastases(P<0.01). Conclusion In NPC patients with rib foci on whole body bone scan, the effective risk factors of rib metastases include skull base bone invasion, other bone metastases, lateral localization on rib, foci type, uptake level and anterior and posterior localization on rib. Follow up should be the main way for the pure rib foci on unilateral ribs. For multiples rib foci on bilateral ribs or single rib focus combined with other bones foci, additional image modalities should be required to exclude bone metastasis. © 2020, CHINA RESEARCH ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. All rights reserved.     

Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging-guided proton therapy for tumors

With the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided photon therapy, the concept of combining real-time MRI guidance with proton therapy, namely, MRI-guided proton therapy (MRPT), has attracted widespread attention. It is expected that MRPT canmitigate the uncertaintiesduring the treatment of proton therapy to make full use of the physical advantages of protons. However, multiple electromagnetic interactions between proton therapy and MRI-guided systems may lead to mutual interference between the two systems. This article review the research progress on the MRPT system, aiming to provide certain reference for the design of MRPT system.     

局部晚期食管鳞癌新辅助放疗剂量与病理完全缓解关系分析

目的 探讨接受新辅助放化疗的局部晚期食管鳞癌患者新辅助放疗剂量与病理完全缓解(pCR)的关系。方法 收集2017-2019年间在四川大学华西医院肿瘤中心经病理确诊为食管鳞癌并接受新辅助放化疗和手术的 116例局部晚期患者临床资料。116例患者中 40~45Gy组 80例,≥45Gy组 36例,分析两组术后pCR率。结果 全组患者的pCR率为38.8%(45/116),40~45Gy组与≥45Gy组的pCR率分别为44%(35/80)和28%(10/36)(P=0.105)。结论 术前新辅助采用较高的放疗剂量不增加局部晚期食管鳞癌的pCR率,有必要进行前瞻性的临床研究确定合适的新辅助放疗剂量。     

Racialized Risk in Clinical Care: Clinician Vigilance and Patient Responsibility

Racial/ethnic identity is contingent and arbitrary, yet it is commonly used to evaluate disease risk and treatment response. Drawing on open-ended interviews with patients and clinicians in two US clinics, we explore how racialized risk is conceptualized and how it impacts patient care and experience. We found that racial/ethnic risk was a common but poorly defined construct for both patients and clinicians, who intermingled concepts of genetics, biology, behavior, and culture, while disregarding historical or structural context. We argue that racializing risk embodies social power in marked and unmarked bodies, reinforcing inequality along racial lines and undermining equitable health care.     

Undocumented Motherhood: Gender,Maternal Identity,and the Politics of Health Care

ABSTRACT

Undocumented Mexican immigrants have had to regularly confront a prohibiting health care system despite alienation, marginalization, and the threat of deportation. In this article, I explore the impact of political exclusion and alienating discourses on the health habitus of undocumented Mexican mothers through the narrative of one mother, Marta Garza, who finds herself at the painful intersection of political and medical alienation. Marta’s narrative reflects an analytical framework that centers undocumented motherhood as a space of necessary resilience and strain, wherein she is forced to advocate for her children’s health despite prohibitive barriers and dangerous potential consequences.     

Constructing queer mother‐knowledge and negotiating medical authority in online lesbian pregnancy journals

Medical interactions around reproduction are increasingly extending beyond the physician's office and onto the Internet, where negotiation with medical authority occurs in complex and dynamic ways. Recently, scholars have noted the Internet's potential for creating spaces where women can dialogue with and reconstruct medical authority, yet this growing body of work is overwhelming heteronormative. This paper thus interrogates how lesbian women use the Internet to challenge, deploy, and rework medical authority around reproduction while navigating the transition to parenthood. I draw from 17 online journals authored by lesbian couples during the conception, pregnancy, and birth of their first child, each spanning between 18 months and 2 years, in order to understand how the transition process unfolds over time. I argue that lesbian couples engage with medical authority when seeking affirmation and normalisation yet discard and publicly reject the heteronormative assumptions that accompany reproductive medicine. Further, they chart a new process that I term ‘constructing queer mother‐knowledge’, in which they critique and balance knowledges from institutionalised medicine, their own bodies, and their queer communities. With this new concept, I complicate understandings of lesbian mothers‐to‐be and their interactions with medical authority as they build subversive families.