自身免疫病患者外周血中B细胞激活因子基因表达水平的测定

目的　建立测定B细胞激活因子 (B lymphocytestimulator ,BlyS)mRNA含量的荧光定量反转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)法 ,并用来检测自身免疫病 [系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)、类风湿关节炎 (RA) ]患者外周血单个核细胞 (PBMCs)中BlyS的基因表达水平 ,探讨BlyS基因表达水平与自身免疫性疾病发病机制的关系。方法　构建克隆载体 pMD18 T BlyS作为定量模板 ,基于TaqMan荧光探针技术 ,建立实时荧光RT PCR方法在GeneAmp 5 70 0型检测仪上定量检测 19例自身免疫病(SLE、RA)确诊病人、2 0例亚临床病人 (主要是抗核抗体阳性 )、8例其他对照性疾病患者 (自身抗体阴性 ,免疫球蛋白升高 )、2 0名正常健康献血者的外周血BlySmRNA表达含量。结果　 19例自身免疫病确诊病人的PBMCs中均有BlySmRNA的表达 ,范围从 9 7× 10 5～ 3 2× 10 8拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (8 4± 7 9)× 10 7拷贝 /μgRNA ;2 0例亚临床病人的强度为 8 6× 10 4～ 3 8× 10 6拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 3± 1 2 )× 10 6拷贝 /μgRNA ;2 0名正常健康人的强度为 5 5× 10 4～ 4 9× 10 5拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 7± 1 4 )× 10 5拷贝 /μgRNA ;8例自身抗体阴性而免疫球蛋白升高的其他疾病患者的强度为 5 8× 10 5～ 3 5× 10 7拷贝 /μgRNA ,均值为 (1 2±     

肿瘤坏死因子α对肝细胞脂肪变性模型裂解激活蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨TNFα对油酸诱导的脂肪变性肝细胞模型固醇调节元件结合蛋白裂解激活蛋白（SCAP）的表达及TG含量的影响。方法以正常肝细胞株L02进行细胞培养,用油酸诱导建立肝细胞脂肪变性模型,在对照组（C组）及模型组（F组）中加入TNFα（C1组和F1组）与抗TNFα抗体（C2组和F2组）分组进行培养,采用RT PCR法检测SCAP mRNA的表达,Western blot检测SCAP蛋白的表达,采用油红O染色观察细胞内脂滴的变化,并检测细胞内甘油三酯含量。结果TNFα作用组SCAP mRNA的表达上调,C1组比C组上调67%,F1组比F组上调55%,F-212.98,P〈0.01,差异有统计学意义。TNFα作用组SCAP蛋白的表达也上调,C1组比C组上调45%,F1组比F组上调95%,F-104.3,P〈0.01,差异有统计学意义。而使用抗TNFα抗体作用后表达显著下调,细胞内TG含量,对照组为（2.02±0.67）mg/10^7细胞,模型组为（7.79±1.35）mg/10^7细胞,模型组TNFα组为（13.36±1.99）mg/10^7细胞,F-82.94,P〈0.01,TNFα作用组较对照组脂变细胞数量增多,差异有统计学意义,而使用抗TNFα抗体作用后脂变细胞数量减少,细胞内TG含量显著下降。结论TNFα上调L02肝细胞SCAP的表达,促进细胞内TG的合成,可能参与了肝细胞脂肪变性的形成。     

B细胞激活因子与糖尿病的相关性研究进展

B细胞激活因子(BAFF)是由人类TNFSF13B基因编码的蛋白质,属肿瘤坏死因子超家族成员。近年来多项研究表明,BAFF与脂质代谢、1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病具有相关性。本文主要通过对近几年文献的整理,归纳BAFF与脂质代谢和糖尿病的关系,为糖尿病的诊断和治疗指提供新的思路。     

Activation and Deactivation of the Polymerization of Ethylene over rac‐EtInd2ZrCl2 and (nBuCp)2ZrCl2 on an Activating Silica Support

A study is carried out in order to better understand the kinetic behavior of two different metallocene precursors supported on an activating silica support, and, in particular, to attempt to reduce the significance of catalyst deactivation through the use of different alkylating agents. It is observed that it is difficult to prevent the deactivation of the rac‐EtInd₂ZrCl₂ sites on the activating support, and, furthermore, the deactivation is accompanied by the disa­ppearance of sites producing the highest‐molecular‐weight polymer. On the contrary, with the (nBuCp)₂ZrCl₂ precursor, it is possible to manipulate the addition of either tri‐isobutylaluminum (TIBA) or triethylaluminum (TEA) to significantly reduce the deactivation of the catalyst on the activating supports. Finally, the molecular‐weight distribution seems to depend much more on the intrinsic properties of the active sites than on how the active sites are treated.

     

Impact of Regular Physical Activity on Adipocytokines and Cardiovascular Characteristics in Spinal Cord–Injured Subjects

Objective

To investigate the relationship of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and cardiac structure and function with adipocytokines in sedentary (S-SCI) and physically active (PA-SCI) subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Interactions between killer immunoglobulin-like receptors and their human leucocyte antigen Class I ligands influence the outcome of unrelated haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassaemia: a novel predictive algorithm

In a study conducted on 114 patients undergoing unrelated donor haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for thalassaemia, we observed that the lack of activating killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) on donor natural killer (NK) cells significantly increased the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) [hazard risk (HR) 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-10.1, P = 0.002] and transplantation-related mortality (HR 4.7, 95% CI 1.6-14.2, P = 0.01). The risk of GvHD furthermore increased when recipients heterozygous for HLA-C KIR ligand groups (C1/C2) were transplanted from donors completely lacking activating KIRs (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.9-19.2, P = 0.002). We also found that the risk of rejection was highest when the recipient was homozygous for the C2 HLA-KIR ligand group and the donor carried two or more activating KIRs (HR 6.8, 95% CI 1.9-24.4, P = 0.005). By interpolating the number of donor activating KIRs with recipient HLA-C KIR ligands, we created an algorithm capable of stratifying patients according to the immunogenetic risk of complications following unrelated HSCT. In clinical practice, this predictive tool could serve as an important supplement to clinical judgement and decision-making.     

益气活血解毒方对晚期卵巢癌患者无复发生存时间及生活质量的影响

目的 观察益气活血解毒方对晚期卵巢癌患者无复发生存时间及生活质量的影响.方法 选取2009-2013年中国中医科学院广安门医院125例晚期卵巢癌一线治疗病灶完全消失后复发的患者,根据是否采用中药干预分为中药组（50例）及对照组（75例）.中药组给予手术治疗及化疗后服用益气活血解毒方,对照组给予西医手术治疗及化疗.采集2组患者基本情况及无复发生存时间,并采用卵巢癌治疗功能评价系统的健康状态评分、卡氏评分和中医症状积分评估2组患者的生活质量.结果 中药组无复发生存时间为18.5个月,对照组无复发生存时间16.0个月,Kaplan-Meier曲线显示中药维持治疗可延长中位无复发生存期（log rank：P=0.006）.中药组复发时生活质量卵巢癌治疗功能评价系统积分、卡氏评分及症状积分与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义[（20.1±2.6）分比（24.8 ±4.0）分,（79±9）分比（72±9）分,（12.7±2.4）分比（16.6±3.2）分,均P＜0.05].结论 益气活血解毒方能延长晚期卵巢癌患者的无复发生存期,提高其生活质量.     

X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白和线粒体第二激活因子在锰诱导大鼠生精细胞凋亡蛋白酶表达中的调节作用

目的:研究氯化锰导致的大鼠生精细胞半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-9(caspase-9)及凋亡蛋白酶活化因子-1(Apaf-1)表达中X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)和线粒体第二激活因子(Smac)的调节机制,探讨锰导致的雄性不育机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、低剂量(15 mg/kg MnCl_2)和高剂量(30 mg/kg MnCl_2)组,腹腔注射MnCl_2 4周和6周,免疫组织化学检测生精细胞caspase-9、Apaf-1、XIAP和Smac表达。结果:与对照组相比较,各组生精细胞caspase-9、Apaf-1和Smac表达均显著升高,XIAP表达降低。同时间的高剂量组与低剂量组比较,同剂量的6周组与4周组比较,生精细胞caspase-9、Apaf-1和Smac表达均显著升高,XIAP表达降低。各组caspase-9与Apaf-1表达呈正相关,XIAP与Smac表达呈负相关。结论:锰可促进生精细胞caspase-9、Apaf-1和Smac表达,抑制XIAP表达,导致细胞凋亡,产生雄性生殖毒性效应。     

The hinge region in androgen receptor control

The region between the DNA-binding domain and the ligand-binding domain of nuclear receptors is termed the hinge region. Although this flexible linker is poorly conserved, diverse functions have been ascribed to it. For the androgen receptor (AR), the hinge region and in particular the (629)RKLKKL(634) motif, plays a central role in controlling AR activity, not only because it acts as the main part of the nuclear translocation signal, but also because it regulates the transactivation potential and intranuclear mobility of the receptor. It is also a target site for acetylation, ubiquitylation and methylation. The interplay between these different modifications as well as the phosphorylation at serine 650 will be discussed here. The hinge also has an important function in AR binding to classical versus selective androgen response elements. In addition, the number of coactivators/corepressors that might act via interaction with the hinge region is still growing. The importance of the hinge region is further illustrated by the different somatic mutations described in patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome and prostate cancer. In conclusion, the hinge region serves as an integrator for signals coming from different pathways that provide feedback to the control of AR activity.