机器人自适应模型跟踪变结构控制

本文提出了一种机器人自适应模型跟踪变结构控制方案.它具有所要求的瞬态特性,其 控制规律以显式的方式给出,而且不需知道系统参数的变化范围,因而适用于多关节的机器人 系统.     

Modeling and control of two constrained manipulators

The coordinated control of two manipulators in the presence of environment constraints is studied in this paper. Such a control method is needed in applications in which the two manipulators grasp a common object whose motion is constrained by environments. The two manipulators are not only constrained with each other, but also constrained by the environment in their workspace. It is realized that the motion and constraint equations obtained directly from mechanics are not suitable for the control purpose. A set of equivalent equations are derived, which are in the standard form of the nonlinear system representation with clear state equations and output equations. A nonlinear feedback is found which exactly linearizes and decouples the dynamic nonlinear system of the two constrained manipulators. The coordinated controller design is then carried out based on the linearized system by using linear system theory.     

Remote control of a robot in a map network

The automated control of manufacturing devices on a common communications network is a necessity for the factory of the future. The manufacturing automation protocol (MAP) represents a major effort by a group of companies towards meeting this need, and apparently is becoming a standard for factory-floor communications. In this project, an ASEA 2000 robot was used with a computer-controlled ply-cutting machine in a simulated factory sheet-metal cell to demonstrate coordinated inter- and intra-cell communications. Both machines used a MAP network to send and receive information from the cell-controller computer, and to coordinate cell operation. The methodology, hardware and software required to adapt the ASEA robot to the MAP network are described. This methodology will be useful in adapting other computer-controlled manufacturing devices to MAP networks.     

Hybrid adaptive control for robot manipulators

A hybrid adaptive control scheme is proposed for robot manipulators. Unmodelled dynamics have been considered in the robot model. The standard RLS algorithm has been modified to take into account these unmodelled dynamics. Global stability of the system is ensured.     

Natural language understanding based on mental image description language <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">md</Emphasis></Subscript> and its application to language-centered robot manipulation

The authors have been working on natural language understanding based on the knowledge representation language L _md and its application to robot manipulation by verbal suggestion. The most remarkable feature of L _md is its capability of formalizing spatiotemporal events in good correspondence with human/robotic sensations and actions, which can lead to integrated computation of sensory, motory and conceptual information. This paper describes briefly the process from text to robot action via semantic representation in L _md and the experimental results of robot manipulation driven by verbal suggestion. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

基于SimMechanics的三平移并联解耦机器人控制系统仿真

在针对一种全转动副三平移并联解耦机器人进行了研究,在运动学正解和逆解分析的基础上讨论了其运动学特性,并应用SimMechanics仿真平台对并联机器人的控制策略进行了研究。该机构由三个相同形式的支链构成,连杆与连杆之间,连杆与基座之间均为转动副连接,动平台只做三个方向的平移运动。通过对建立的Matlab/SimMechanics并联机器人模型进行仿真,验证了机构运动学分析的正确性。最后设计了PID控制器,实现了对动平台轨迹的控制。研究结果表明,此建模方法和控制方案是可行的,为并联机构的建模、控制提供了借鉴和参考。     

驱控一体化机器人关节的研制及应用

对国内外一体化机器人关节及协作机器人进行研究,概述国内外相关技术的发展现状,研制集高负质比减速机、力矩电机、力矩传感器、双编码器和智能驱动器于一体的多系列机器人关节,并开展了负载和精度测试实验,得出了多型号关节性能参数,以及基于驱动器电流和力矩传感器的关节负载特性。对机器人关节核心零部件进行分析,提出一体化关节的设计方法以及零部件设计选型经验。基于研制的一体化关节搭建了六轴和七轴机器人,实现机器人各关节分布式控制,为机器人的模块化和重构性问题提供了一种解决方法。     

机器视觉在码垛机器人中的应用

本文介绍了一种基于机器视觉的码垛机器人系统。该系统包括机器人、机器人视觉系统、端拾器、皮带机、传感器以及PLC控制系统。该系统可以实现对板料的自动识别和对位置的纠偏,适应板料的位置并且实现自动抓取。该系统是沈阳北盛汽车有限公司自动化开卷线的一部分,现已投入使用,在运行过程中,运行状态良好,满足生产需求。     

脑卒中患者下肢外骨骼康复机器人步态规划与运动学仿真

为满足越来越多的脑卒中患者辅助行走和康复训练的需要,设计了一款下肢外骨骼机器人模型,采用D-H参数法建立踝关节、膝关节、髋关节坐标系,推演出步态周期内的坐标方程。为了安全起见,要求脑卒中患者步行速度慢且步长短,利用CoG(Center of Gravity,重心地面投影点)作为步态规划中的稳定性判断依据,并用Robotics Toolbox for Matlab仿真,结果表明:下肢外骨骼康复机器人在康复训练过程中各关节具有连续且稳定的步态轨迹,为后续脑卒中患者使用的下肢外骨骼康复机器人样机研制提供了必要的理论依据。     

管道机器人清淤装置振动稳定性研究

为研究管道机器人清淤装置在旋转条件下的工作稳定性,对其自适应系统进行冲击与振动的研究。将简化的清淤装置导入到ADAMS中,分别在最低转速20r/min和最高转速100r/min时,选取不同刚度系数的弹簧,在有弹簧预压缩量和弹簧预压力的条件下进行振动动力学仿真,提取不同条件下滑块与螺塞的冲击曲线、滑块对弹簧的冲击曲线,验证了刚性冲击系数远大于柔性冲击系数;对自适应系统添加柔性元件,得到自适应系统的冲击和振动曲线,并对结果进行对比分析。结果表明:低转速时选择较大弹簧刚度,高转速时选择较低弹簧刚度;比较系统冲击力和冲击系数,应在高速和弹簧预压力为(35～100)N条件下工作更稳定;系统需添加柔性缓冲元件,可极大减小冲击力和系统振动。