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利用超声波振动对短切碳纤维进行分散。研究了超声振动功率、时间及分散剂质量分数对短切碳纤维在水溶液中分散性的影响。结果表明,超声振动和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)分散剂的添加能显著改善短切碳纤维的分散性;在一定范围内,短切碳纤维分散率随着超声波振动功率和作用时间先增加后趋于饱和;HPMC在水溶液中的质量分数为0.13%时分散性较好,超声振动功率为800 W,振动7 min时短切碳纤维在水溶液中可达到较好的分散效果。 相似文献
74.
以微晶纤维素(Microcrystalline cellulose,MCC)为原料,采用新型水热氧化方法,制备纤维素基质固定化脲酶载体材料-双醛纤维素(Dialdehyde cellulose,DAC)。采用红外光谱(IR)、固体核磁共振(CP/MAS 13C NMR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征产物结构。测试制备的纤维素基质固载脲酶的酶学性能,并与交联壳聚糖、双醛淀粉固载脲酶的酶学性能进行比较分析,构建酶学性能理论方程。结果表明:采用新型水热氧化反应可成功制备高醛基含量的氧化纤维素,与交联壳聚糖和双醛淀粉固定化脲酶相比,所得氧化纤维素载体材料固定化脲酶的米氏常数小(0.0108mol·L-1),对底物亲和能力强,重复使用率高,在pH=5.0~9.0能保持酶活性,建立的理论方程较好地表征了固载酶酶学性能。 相似文献
75.
采用交替沉积自组装的方法制备聚乙烯醇(PVA)/纳米纤维素(NCC)-纳米TiO2/PVA复合膜,用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征,结果表明PVA/NCC-纳米TiO2/PVA复合膜形貌规整,NCC负载纳米TiO2粒子只是物理共混,没有化学键合.性能分析结果表明PVA/NCC-纳米TiO2/PVA复合膜在紫外光区有较强吸收,较高的拉伸强度109.5 MPa,且比PVA膜热稳定性好,热分解温度提高约20℃. 相似文献
76.
以针叶浆为原料,ZnCl2水溶液为溶解溶剂,制备再生纤维素膜。利用单因数实验分析了纤维素膜制各过程中浆浓、反应温度、溶解时间对纤维素膜强度的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为浆浓3%、反应温度90℃、溶解时间为2h。并通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析,比较经ZnCl2水溶液处理前后纤维的结构和性能变化,发现ZnCl2水溶液是纤维素的非衍生化溶剂,经ZnCl2水溶液处理后的纤维素已由纤维素I转换为纤维素II,制备的再生纤维素膜具有一定的强度,且具有多孔性的特征。 相似文献
77.
Jian-Ling Yu Fang Yang Zhi-Hua Liu Ya-Nan Liu Gang Li 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2014,17(4):647-653
The aim of this work is to synthesize surfactants based on cellulose with different molecular weights. Raw cotton cellulose was tailored into cellulose segments with different molecular weights by a hydrothermal process, then the average degree of polymerization (DP) was determined by viscosimetry and the molecular weight distribution was estimated by gel permeation chromatography. The C10–C14 alkyl cellulose ester sulfate surfactants were prepared by hydrophilic sulfonation and hydrophobic esterification. The surface tension of the surfactants solution was obtained by the Wilhelmy plate method. Results showed that the cellulose segments presented a broader distribution compared with the raw material. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value decreased from 1.08 to 0.86 wt% as the hydrophobic chain length was increased from 10 to 14. The CMC values of cellulose surfactants with C14-acyl chloride hydrophobization decreased from 1.32 to 0.86 wt% as the DP was decreased from 2,700 to 296. 相似文献
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Chen Xu Xia Ma Shiwen Chen Meifeng Tao Lutao Yuan Yao Jing 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(6):10855-10867
To improve the efficacy and safety of dural repair in neurosurgical procedures, a new dural material derived from bacterial cellulose (BC) was evaluated in a rabbit model with dural defects. We prepared artificial dura mater using bacterial cellulose which was incubated and fermented from Acetobacter xylinum. The dural defects of the rabbit model were repaired with BC membranes. All surgeries were performed under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. All animals were humanely euthanized by intravenous injection of phenobarbitone, at each time point, after the operation. Then, the histocompatibility and inflammatory effects of BC were examined by histological examination, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western Blot. BC membranes evenly covered the surface of brain without adhesion. There were seldom inflammatory cells surrounding the membrane during the early postoperative period. The expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as iNOS and COX-2 were lower in the BC group compared to the control group at 7, 14 and 21 days after implantation. BC can repair dural defects in rabbit and has a decreased inflammatory response compared to traditional materials. However, the long-term effects need to be validated in larger animals. 相似文献
80.
Bio‐sorbents from cassava waste biomass and its performance in removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution 下载免费PDF全文
Jinheng Shi Hongsheng Luo Dingshu Xiao Jiwen Hu Ganwei Zhang Yinhui Li Baofeng Lin Xingquan Liang Yuanyuan Tu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(2)
Cassava xanthogenate and their derivatives, as adsorbents to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution, are studied based upon orthogonal factorial design. The structural and thermal properties, adsorption performance as well as equilibrium‐kinetics are comprehensively investigated with multiple tools, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV–visible spectrum technique. The influence of multiple parameters, including initial Pb2+ concentrations, compositions, pH values, and temperatures, on the adsorption performance is emphasized. The crosslinked cassava xanthogenate serves as an effective bio‐sorbent to remove Pb ions from aqueous solution, allowing regeneration in dilute acid solution. The findings in this study are beneficial for the development of adsorbents from cassava waste biomass and may contribute to environment recovery in “nature‐to‐nature” manner. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39780. 相似文献