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61.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(48):25838-25850
The increase of renewable share in the energy generation mix makes necessary to increase the flexibility of the electricity market. Thus, fossil fuel thermal power plants have to adapt their electricity production to compensate these fluctuations. Operation at partial load means a significant loss of efficiency and important reduction of incomes from electricity sales in the fossil power plant. Among the energy storage technologies proposed to overcome these problems, Power to Gas (PtG) allows for the massive storage of surplus electricity in form of hydrogen or synthetic natural gas. In this work, the integration of a Power to Gas system (50 MWe) with fossil fuel thermal power plants (500 MWe) is proposed to reduce the minimum complaint load and avoid shutdowns. This concept allows a continuous operation of power plants during periods with low demand, avoiding the penalty cost of shutdown. The operation of the hybrid system has been modelled to calculate efficiencies, hydrogen and electricity production as a function of the load of the fossil fuel power plant. Results show that the utilisation of PtG diminishes the specific cost of producing electricity between a 20% and 50%, depending on the framework considered (hot, warm and cold start-up). The main contribution is the reduction of the shutdown penalties rather than the incomes from the sale of the hydrogen. At the light of the obtained results, the hybrid system may be implemented to increase the cost-effectiveness of existing fossil fuel power plants while adapting the energy mix to high shares of variable renewable electricity sources. 相似文献
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《The Electricity Journal》2020,33(5):106763
While wind and solar generation has increased dramatically over the past decade, there has been a much larger increase in gas generation (eia, 2019). This is driven in part by low gas prices but also in part by how electricity markets are organized. The intermittent nature of wind and solar generation increases the need for more flexible and reliable generation; a role gas plants fill well. However, current market structures and rules unfairly tip the balance in their favor compared to energy storage systems. They have created market barriers restrictive enough to prevent market participation of a technology key to a 100 % renewable grid: supercapacitors. Adjusting markets to remove the market barriers to supercapacitor and other energy storage systems will allow for increased renewable penetration while simultaneously improving grid performance and reducing costs. 相似文献
65.
CNG-电公交车以天然气作为发动机燃料,辅以电机共同驱动的混合动力车辆,车辆行驶速度低、启动频繁等特性,发动机实际运行工况与型式检验工况具有较大差异。为研究其实际行驶工况与排放特性,选取4辆国V排放标准的CNG-电混合动力公交车,往返于市区与城郊,使用PEMS(portable emission measurement system)实时收集车辆行驶及NO_X排放数据。结果表明,发动机运行工况集中于中低功率段,与型式检验工况差异较大,污染物排放集中于发动机切入车辆传动系统的临界车速附近。 相似文献
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以采用泡沫铜电极的热再生氨电池(thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery,TRAB)为研究对象,建立了多孔介质内物质传输与电化学反应耦合的稳态模型,计算获得了电池性能及多孔电极内物质传输特性,并研究了电解质浓度和电极孔隙率对电池性能的影响。研究结果表明,从主流区界面到多孔电极内部,阳极氨和阴极铜离子浓度逐渐降低,存在一定的浓度梯度,而且随着反应电流的增大,浓度梯度明显增大。在一定的范围内分别增大阳极氨浓度和阴极铜离子浓度,从主流区向多孔电极内物质传输增强,电池性能均能不断提升;随着硫酸铵浓度的增大,电解质电导率增大,电池性能逐渐提升,但增幅逐渐减小。此外,多孔电极孔隙率也会影响电池性能,本研究中TRAB在电极孔隙率为0.6时获得最高的最大功率(15.3 mW)。 相似文献
68.
The operational optimisation of coal-fired power units is important for saving energy and reducing losses in the electric power industry. One of the key issues is how to determine the benchmark values of the energy efficiency indexes of the units. Therefore, a new framework for determining these benchmark values is proposed, based on data mining methods. First, the energy efficiency key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the net coal consumption rate (NCCR) were selected based on the domain knowledge. Second, the decision-making samples with minimal NCCR were acquired with the fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm, and the corresponding clustering centres were employed as the benchmark values. Finally, based on the support vector regression (SVR) algorithm, the target values of the NCCR were obtained with the KPIs as input, and the energy saving potential was evaluated by comparing the target values with the historical values of the NCCR. An actual on-duty 1000 MW unit was taken as study unit, and the results show that the energy saving potential is remarkable when the operators adjust the KPIs based on the calculated benchmark values. 相似文献
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