基于胶粘物质的肥料控释装置的方案设计及其养分释放模拟

该文提出了可应用于农田的肥料控释装置方案设计,此装置由肥料主管道和养分释放分管道组成,选取天然、半天然高分子材料壳聚糖和果胶作为释放分管道的胶粘物质,在实验室条件下检测了其控释效果,结果表明:养分主要呈线性释放,装置具有良好控释效果.利用Fick第一扩散定律和欧姆定律模拟了装置养分的释放,结果表明:养分的释放主要受扩散系数或物阻率、扩散面积、胶粘物质厚度等因素影响.该模型表明,养分是呈线性释放的,和实测结果相一致,并由此计算出了胶粘物质的控释参数:扩散系数或物阻率,为实际应用提供了理论基础.     

聚合物包膜肥料中钾素释放特征及其模拟

以水和水饱和石英砂为介质，研究了2种聚合物包膜肥料中钾素的释放特征。结果表明，钾素释放主要受温度影响，同时还受到颗粒大小和形态的影响；在水饱和石英砂中溶出与在水中溶出差别不大。采用水为介质，以一聚合物包膜肥料养分释放的理论模型为基础，对影响聚合物包膜肥料钾素释放的因素进行了研究，并进行了灵敏性检验。结果表明，温度越高、包膜的厚度和颗粒半径越小时钾素释放越快，且试验结果和模拟结果达到极显著的相关性；模拟结果比实际结果明显偏低，但表现出了较好灵敏性和相关性，是一个具有理论基础和应用潜力的聚合物包膜肥料养分释放模型。     

高职院校数学建模课程的改革研究

分析了高职院校数学建模课程教学中存在的主要问题,并提出相应的改革对策和建议。     

Comparative evaluation of SCS-CN-inspired models in applications to classified datasets

One of the popular methods for estimating the depth of surface runoff for a given rainfall event is the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method. Of late, several inconsistencies in its soil moisture accounting procedure have been pointed out by Michel et al. (2005), and a more rational procedure suggested. Recently, a modification incorporating an expression for estimation of initial soil moisture store level, a crucial parameter, was suggested by Sahu et al. (2007). The present study compares this modification with the original SCS-CN model and the other available variants on a large set of data of 76 small agricultural watersheds of the United States and finally suggests an improved model. The comprehensive comparison between these models reveals the proposed improvement to perform better than all other versions in all classified applications based on land use, soil type, combinations of land use and soil type, and precipitation regimes. A simplified version of the model is further suggested for practical applications.     

Predicting the occurrence of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larvae in the northern Gulf of Mexico: building a classification model from archival data

Although bluefin tuna are found throughout the Atlantic Ocean, spawning in the western Atlantic has been recorded predominantly in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) in spring. Larval bluefin tuna abundances from the northern GOM are formulated into an index used to tune the adult stock assessment, and the variability of this index is currently high. This study investigated whether some of the variability in larval bluefin tuna abundances was related to environmental conditions, by defining associations between larval bluefin tuna catch locations, and a suite of environmental variables. We hypothesized that certain habitat types, as defined by environmental variables, would be more likely to contain bluefin tuna larvae. Favorable habitat for bluefin tuna larvae was defined using a classification tree approach. Habitat within the Loop Current was generally less favorable, as were warm‐core rings, and cooler waters on the continental shelf. The location and size of favorable habitat was highly variable among years, which was reflected in the locations of larval bluefin tuna catches. The model successfully placed bluefin tuna larvae in favorable habitat with nearly 90% accuracy, but many negative stations were also located within theoretically favorable habitat. The probability of collecting larval bluefin tuna in favorable habitat was nearly twice the probability of collecting bluefin tuna larvae across all habitats (35.5 versus 21.0%). This model is a useful addition to knowledge of larval bluefin tuna distributions; however, the incorporation of variables describing finer‐scale features, such as thermal fronts, may significantly improve the model’s predictive power.     

基于对象建模的农机产品CAPP系统设计与应用

利用对象建模技术,通过抽象与重组形成CAPP系统的一般对象模型,并把对象、关联及操作等映射成数据库表和程序实体,结合农机产品CAPP实例论述了工艺过程卡对象模型的实现流程,分析了选单等的设计重用方法。实践证明,CAPP系统开发过程中,只需开发一个编辑窗口,而非对应每一个数据表开发相应的编辑窗口。当数据表发生结构改变时可通过修改数据窗口来实现。采用这种方法,同一个选单就可以被不同的窗口所共用,使系统的开发效率大大提高,同时系统的结构也非常合理,根据作业机的主体结构相似性,可应用于各类农机制造的工艺设计过程。     

涡轮弯扭叶片的几何造型

现代涡轮叶片是弯曲、扭转、变截面复杂流线型面，一般无法解析表达，为满足叶片型面数控加工要求，针对给定若干叶片截面上型值点的情况，采用节点号参数化双三次Ｂ样条插值曲面对完整弯扭叶片进行三维造型，并提出考察造型型值点网格密度是否满足加工精度要求的判断准则，实际加工证明，此算法简洁，稳定，适合涡轮叶片加工的工程需要。     

Application of the relevance vector machine to canal flow prediction in the Sevier River Basin

This work addresses management of water for irrigation in arid regions where significant delays between the time of order and the time of delivery present major difficulties. Motivated by improvements to water management that will be facilitated by an ability to predict water demand, it employs a data-driven approach to developing canal flow prediction models using the relevance vector machine (RVM), a probabilistic kernel-based learning machine. A search is performed across model attributes including input set, kernel scale parameter and model update scheme for models providing superior prediction capability using the RVM. Models are developed for two canals in the Sevier River Basin of southern Utah for prediction horizons of up to 5 days.     

移动式绿篱修剪机设计

针对绿篱修剪机的发展现状,设计开发了一种小型自走式绿篱修剪机,包括动力系统设计和行走装置设计、修剪装置设计,并且利用三维建模软件建立了移动式绿篱修剪机的三维模型。所设计的移动式绿篱修剪机在所查阅的文献中尚未发现有相同机型的报道,属原创型产品。相比现在小型绿篱修剪机以手持式为主的状况,该绿篱修剪机能够有效降低绿篱修剪的劳动强度,提高修剪质量,有比较广阔的市场前景。