Cu块材及Cu膜的光学常数研究

用反射式动态椭圆偏振光谱技术对Cu块材、Cu薄膜及Cu厚膜的光学常数进行了测试分析。研究结果表明:与Roberts块材、Johnson厚膜数据相比,不同方法得到Cu的光学常数在谱线形状上基本相似,但在数值上存在一定差别;在波长为250～830nm范围内,Cu块材和膜的折射率n与消光系数k分别在0.1～1.5和1.5～5.0之间;随膜厚增加,n值增大,k值减小;厚膜的n、k值与块材的更为接近。同时讨论了光学常数与微结构的关系。     

100V-Cr-Mo石油套管材料的组织与性能

研究一种100V-Cr-Mo钢用做石油套管材料.采用890～910℃淬火+650℃高温回火处理,使材料屈服强度达到1 150～1 160MPa、抗拉强度1 190～1 240MPa、伸长率18％～23％、冲击功102～132 J.分析表明:100V-Cr-Mo材料的调质处理组织细小、均匀,晶粒度大于9级,为回火索氏体,...     

Microstructures and nanostructures of high Andean Penaincisalia lycaenid butterfly scales (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): descriptions and interpretations

The scales of one high Andean eumaeine lycaenid butterfly species with pale dorsal coloration and four species with vivid dorsal colour were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The micro‐ and nanostructures are illustrated, described, measured, and interpreted. The vivid colours in the species are caused by a pepper‐pot nanostructure of Urania‐type scales. This nanostructure is a three‐dimensional lattice within the body of the individual scale. The scales of the non‐vivid orange species are lacking this nanostructure and the surfaces of their scales show high microstructure irregularities. This absence of vivid colour may be correlated with thermal regulation. The irregularity of the scale microstructures suggests a heavy environmental pressure on the populations sampled. Previously unknown structural variations of Urania‐type scales are also described. The existence of closed scale microcell structures, explained as an apomorphic character in the tribe Eumaeini, most probably evolved independently several times. It is hypothesized that scale micro‐ and nanostructure modifications develop syntopically within a population, which in turn can lead to rapid diversification.     

激光熔覆报废航空发动机叶片模具生成高硬度涂层的机理

为了研究激光熔覆高硬度涂层生成机理,采用自配的合金粉末,利用宽带熔覆技术,对4Cr5W2SiV报废模具进行了成功修复。利用OM、XRD、显微硬度计对熔覆层的组织结构及硬度进行了研究,并且对硬度的生成机理进行了分析。结果表明,模具修复效果良好,熔覆层较基材有较高的硬度。细晶强化、固溶强化、第二相强化与激光技术的快冷快热特点是生成高硬度涂层的本质原因。     

Characterization of microbe cementitious materials

A new generation of cement, microbe cement, has been developed in response to the ever increasing awareness of environmental protection. Microbe cement is a new strengthening material based on microbiologically induced precipitation of calcium carbonate. This paper confirms the feasibility of binding loose sand particles using microbe cement and details the cementation mechanism of microbe cement. We have also prepared microbe cementitious materials (biosandstones). The compressive strength of the bio-sandstone, which depends on the content of calcium carbonate produced by microbially induced precipitation and the bio-mediated calcite crystal size, could be up to 12 MPa at an age of 20 days. By increasing the precipitated calcite content, the compressive strength and microstructure of bio-sandstone could be improved.     

双辊薄带连铸1.2%Si无取向电工钢组织和析出物

研究了双辊薄带连铸条件下,1.2%Si无取向电工钢初始组织和析出物形貌及分布规律.结果表明,在1 550℃浇注条件下,铸带经过空冷后以粗大的原始铸态铁素体组织为主,也有一部分相变产生的细小晶粒,晶粒尺寸范围为50~400μm.铸带中析出物为AlN和MnS,其中AlN析出分为高温析出和相变析出两种,高温析出AlN尺寸在0.5μm左右,相变析出AlN尺寸则在100 nm左右,二者对再结晶组织影响不大.MnS在铸带成型和成品退火过程中都有析出,尺寸范围为30~40nm.     

雾化沉积Cu-13．5％Sn合金的显微组织和力学性能研究

本文采用雾化沉积工艺制备了Cu-13．5wt％Sn合金；研究其轧制性能；分析其轧制机理。结果表明：与传统铸造Cu—Sn合金相比，该合金晶粒细小，组织均匀，无宏观偏析，基体为单相α—Cu组织；Sn含量从8wt．％上升到13．5wt．％；轧制后表现出良好的综合力学性能，强度和塑性随着形变量的不同在一个较宽的范围内变化，可以满足不同使用需求；具有高强度（〉800MPa）低弹性模量（～88GPa）的特点。这在晶体金属材料领域是独一无二的，可以预测该合金将会在弹性元件领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Effective elastic moduli of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites

Polymer-layered silicate (PLS) nanocomposites exhibit some mechanical properties that are much better than conventional polymer filled composites. A relatively low content of layered silicate yields a significant enhancement of material performance. After the volume fraction of clay reaches a relatively low “critical value”; however, further increasing does not show a greater stiffening effect. This phenomenon is contrary to previous micromechanical predictions and is not understood well. Based on the analysis on the microstructures of PLS nanocomposites, the present note provides an insight into the physical micromechanisms of the above unexpected phenomenon. The Mori-Tanaka scheme and a numerical method are employed to estimate the effective elastic moduli of such a composite.     

预淬火对G Cr15钢M/ B复合组织及性能的影响

研究了预淬火马氏体对 Ｇ Ｃｒ１５ 钢马氏体／ 下贝氏体（ Ｍ／ Ｂ） 复合组织及性能的影响。试验结果表明，通过 Ｍｓ 以下适当温度的预淬火，获得的 Ｍ／ Ｂ 复合组织具有更优的机械性能。     

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels

Effects of cold rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Mn-Mo-Ti-Cr maraging steels were studied.To investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties,optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,tensile test,and hardness test were used.The results show that the solution-annealing treatment in the cold-rolled steel redounds to the formation of sub-microcrystalline Fe2(Mo,Ti) Laves phase particles,which are stable at high temperatures.These secondary Laves phase particles prevent from recrystallization at high temperatures and correspond to semi-brittle fracture in the subsequent aging treatment.