In Situ Determination of First‐Row Transition Metal,Ga and Ge Abundances in Geological Materials via Medium‐Resolution LA‐ICP‐MS

An in situ, medium‐resolution LA‐ICP‐MS method was developed to measure the abundances of the first‐row transition metals, Ga and Ge in a suite of geological materials, namely the MPI‐DING reference glasses. The analytical protocol established here hinged on maximising the ablation rate of the ultraviolet (UV) laser system and the sensitivity of the ICP‐MS, as well minimising the production of diatomic oxides and argides, which serve as the dominant sources of isobaric interferences. Non‐spectral matrix effects were accounted for by using multiple external calibrators, including NIST SRM 610 and the USGS basaltic glasses BHVO‐2G, BIR‐1G and BCR‐2G, and utilising ⁴³Ca as an internal standard. Analyses of the MPI‐DING reference glasses, which represent geological matrices ranging from basaltic to rhyolitic in composition, included measurements of concentrations as low as < 10⁰ μg g^?1 and as high as > 10⁴ μg g^?1. The new data reported here were found to statistically correlate with the ‘preferred’ reference values for these materials at the 95% confidence level, though with significantly better precision, typically on the order of ≤ 3% (2s_m). This analytical method may be extended to any matrix‐matched geological sample, particularly oceanic basalts, silicate minerals and meteoritic materials.     

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段东波蛇绿岩的构造背景特征

西藏东波蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段,由地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩和辉长岩等组成。地幔橄榄岩主要为方辉橄榄岩、纯橄岩和少量二辉橄榄岩。岩体的边界出露玄武岩和硅质岩等。地幔橄榄岩中有少量辉石岩和辉长岩的脉岩,宽约1 m,走向北西,与岩体的构造线方向基本一致。各岩相岩石地球化学研究结果表明,东波蛇绿岩的岩相存在较大的差异,玄武岩具有与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的地球化学特征,而地幔橄榄岩中辉石岩、辉长岩脉与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)相似,形成于洋中脊环境,并受后期俯冲流体作用的改造。东波岩体中二辉橄榄岩具有与深海地幔橄榄岩较一致的轻稀土亏损特征,而方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩的地球化学特征显示出岩体形成于MOR环境,后受到SSZ环境的改造。东波蛇绿岩的岩石地球化学特征显示其洋中脊叠加洋岛的构造背景。     

Geochemical and oxygen isotope signatures of mantle corundum megacrysts from the Mbuji-Mayi kimberlite,Democratic Republic of Congo,and the Changle alkali basalt,China

Oxygen isotope signatures of ruby and sapphire megacrysts, combined with trace-element analysis, from the Mbuji-Mayi kimberlite, Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Changle alkali basalt, China, provide clues to specify their origin in the deep Earth. At Mbuji-Mayi, pink sapphires have δ¹⁸O values in the range 4.3 to 5.4‰ (N = 10) with a mean of 4.9 ± 0.4‰, and rubies from 5.5 to 5.6‰ (N = 3). The Ga/Mg ratio of pink sapphires is between 1.9 and 3.9, and in rubies, between 0.6 and 2.6. The blue or yellow sapphires from Changle have δ¹⁸O values from 4.6 to 5.2 ‰, with a mean of 4.9 ± 0.2‰ (N = 9). The Ga/Mg ratio is between 5.7 and 11.3. The homogenous isotopic composition of ruby suggests a derivation from upper mantle xenoliths (garnet lherzolite, pyroxenite) or metagabbros and/or lower crustal garnet clinopyroxenite eclogite-type xenoliths included in kimberlites. Data from the pink sapphires from Mbuji-Mayi suggest a mantle origin, but different probable protoliths: either subducted oceanic protolith transformed into eclogite with δ¹⁸O values buffered to the mantle value, or clinopyroxenite protoliths in peridotite. The Changle sapphires have a mantle O-isotope signature. They probably formed in syenitic magmas produced by low degree partial melting of a spinel lherzolite source. The kimberlite and the alkali basalt acted as gem conveyors from the upper mantle up to the surface.     

赤峰市平庄—元宝山盆地汉诺坝玄武岩的地球化学特征及其构造背景

对分布于赤峰东部平庄—元宝山盆地的汉诺坝玄武岩进行了岩石学、地球化学研究.结果表明,研究区内火山岩主要岩石类型为玄武岩及少量沉凝灰岩.玄武岩岩石成分较均一,主量元素变化不大,富钛、贫铝,富Na2O,低K2O.玄武岩稀土元素总量低,轻稀土元素富集,铕、铈异常不明显.玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb,Ba,Th,K,Ta和LREE,高场强元素U相对亏损,相容元素Cr,Co,Ni含量较低.本区汉诺坝玄武岩属于拉斑玄武岩系列,火山岩的源区是软流圈上地幔,玄武岩形成于大陆裂谷的拉伸环境,是大陆板块内部稳定构造环境的产物.     

BFRP加固新疆杨木柱的抗压试验研究

本文通过14根矩形截面新疆杨木柱的抗压试验,主要研究了BFRP的粘贴层数(一层、两层)和粘贴方式(满贴和间隔贴)对木柱极限承载力、纵向位移和横向挠度等性能指标的影响。结果表明:对新疆杨木柱进行BFRP加固可以提高木柱的极限承载力和纵向延性,其中承载力提高幅度12.1%~94.3%。     

玄武岩纤维增强PMC组分优化的实验研究

为优化玄武岩纤维对聚合物矿物混凝土(PMC)的组分配比,通过正交实验,制备玄武岩纤维增强PMC,分析了各因素对玄武岩纤维增强PMC抗压强度的影响。结果表明,各因素对玄武岩纤维增强PMC抗压强度的影响显著性由大到小依次为:黏合剂E44与E51质量比,玄武岩纤维加入量,骨料用量,玄武岩纤维长径比。推荐玄武岩纤维增强PMC的最佳组分为:黏合剂E44与E51质量比40∶60,玄武岩纤维加入量0.4%,骨料用量80%,玄武岩纤维长径比70,抗压强度为112.38 MPa。对最佳组分中的玄武岩纤维偶联处理后,PMC抗压强度又提高14.1%,达到128.23 MPa。     

玄武岩纤维混凝土与钢筋粘结锚固性能试验与分析

为了研究玄武岩纤维混凝土(BFRC)与钢筋粘结锚固性能,对18个中心拔出试件和9个梁式试件进行加载试验,获得各级荷载下加载端、自由端滑移量及钢筋应变,得到了粘结应力-滑移曲线和粘结应力沿锚固长度的曲线分布。试验结果表明:随着玄武岩纤维的掺入,钢筋与混凝土粘结锚固性能未表现出有利影响,极限粘结强度有所降低;掺入长度为25mm纤维的混凝土与钢筋的极限粘结强度优于掺入长度为15mm纤维的混凝土与钢筋的极限粘结强度;混凝土强度的提高有利于改善玄武岩纤维混凝土与钢筋粘结锚固性能,混凝土相对保护层厚度对粘结锚固性能影响不大;锚固钢筋的应变曲线整体呈下凹形,沿锚固长度逐渐递减;粘结应力沿锚固长度呈多峰曲线;基于试验数据建立的玄武岩纤维混凝土与钢筋粘结应力-滑移本构关系可以为玄武岩纤维混凝土的理论与工程设计提供参考依据。     

酸/碱腐蚀对玄武岩纤维纱线特性的影响

采用2.0mol/L的HCl及NaOH溶液为腐蚀介质,在60℃条件下处理玄武岩纤维纱线,研究玄武岩纤维纱线的耐酸/碱腐蚀性能及其腐蚀机理。结果表明,经酸与碱处理后纤维纱线的断裂强度总体上均呈下降趋势,只是下降的规律有所不同。酸与碱处理的纱线表面腐蚀程度不同,且表面的各元素含量也有不同幅度的降低,促使表面处理剂的相对含量增大。另外,碱腐蚀后结构中还产生了羟基(-OH)官能团,因此玄武岩纤维纱线的耐酸性能强于耐碱性能。     

表面改性玄武岩纤维滤料过滤性能研究

针对玄武岩纤维滤料表面改性后在常温及高温条件下过滤性能及表面形态开展研究。结果表明,在常温及高温条件下,滤料均呈现开始阶段过滤透气性好,阻力增加较慢,随着过滤过程的进行,滤料表面粉尘堆积,阻力增加变快的特点。相比于常温过程,过滤初始阶段由于滤料表面及浸渍纤维处理剂挥发消失,粉尘颗粒直接接触滤料表层直至纤维内部,以致滤料阻力增加速度更快,随着过滤过程的进行,阻力增加速度变慢,但过滤效率依然优秀。     

连续玄武岩纤维改性方法的研究

简介了连续玄武岩纤维的性能与应用,重点阐述了偶联剂处理法、酸碱处理法、表面涂层法和低温等离子处理法4种常用的对连续玄武岩纤维改性研究方法的研究情况。表明无论采用偶联剂、酸碱、表面涂层和低温等离子处理法,都能有效改善纤维的表面性能,提高纤维与其它材质间的粘接性。指出对连续玄武岩纤维界面性质的基础研究深度不够,是限制连续玄武岩纤维界面改性方法开发和完善的主要原因。