Methods for approximate reliability analysis

Approximate solutions are developed for reliability problems involving constant-in-time and time-dependent random parameters. They are based on estimates of the distribution of scalar control variables obtained from approximations of the safety condition (control variable approach) or on a transformation of the input space of parameters into a space in which the safety condition is nearly linear (linearization approach). The distribution of the control variable or of the random parameters in the transformed space can be estimated from moments of these variables. The control variable approach is most effective when the random parameters are constant in time while the linearization approach is useful for time-dependent reliability studies since it permits application of various rules (e.g., Turkstra's rule) for approximate load combination analysis.     

SCADA在燃气管网中的应用

介绍SCADA系统的结构和功能，详细分析SCADA系统在燃气管网的应用状况及存在的问题，并提出建立和完善SCADA系统的具体方案。     

创造自然、物质、人文三位一体的校园环境──对开放式学校校园规划及建筑的探讨

教学体系的演变是推动校园发展的最主要、最根本的动力。它导致校园环境发生根本的变化。文章简述了国外开放式学校发展概况。并对我国开放式学校校园规划及建筑作了有益的探讨。     

城市边缘风景地区控制性详细规划编制的探索

针对城市边缘组团建设发展形势与要求的变化,分析城市边缘风景地区的特点,研究该类地区控制性详细规划编制中需要解决的重要问题,立足于规划区域生态环境改善与土地资源高效使用之间相互平衡的发展目标,综合考虑并衔接土地利用规划、城镇规划和风景名胜区规划领域内各类规范、标准的用地分类模式,对该类地区的用地分类体系进行了新的探索,并初步研究建立起与此相适应、建设用地与非建设用地并重的指标控制体系。     

对江苏省部分中小学体育教学中学习评价的研究

体育教学评价是体育教学改革的一个焦点问题，而学生的学习评价又是教学评价中的重点，随着体育教学改革的不断深入，原有的从学生运动技术和身体素质为主要评价内容的评价体系已不能体现“健康第一”的指导思想，所以，需要对体育教学评价体系进行改革。通过对江苏省部分中、小学体育教师和学生的访谈，对体育教学评价体系中学习评价的改革提出建设性意见。     

注册会计师制度的问题与对策

对注册会计师制度的现状作了分析，提出了存在的问题，结合国外的先进经验，对解决这些问题提出了自己的意见．     

Prediction of the combination of failure modes for an arch bridge system

An innovative prediction method for the combination of failure modes of an arch bridge is proposed for its probabilistic risk assessment and is compared with the conventional system reliability analysis method. The suggested method reveals various combinations of failure modes in significantly reduced time and efforts in comparison to the previous permutation method or the conventional system reliability analysis method. Additionally, the suggested method can be used for the verification of the system reliability with more specific predictions of the failure modes.Component reliabilities of girders have been evaluated by using response surfaces of the design variables at the selected critical sections, i.e. the maximum shear and negative moment locations. Response Surface Method (RSM) is successfully applied for the reliability analyses of complex structure with relatively small probability of failure. Previous methods such as Monte Carlo Simulations or First Order Second Moment method cannot easily calculate the derivative terms of implicit limit state functions. Hence, the target bridge system is modeled as a series-connection system for the analysis of its system reliability. The upper and lower bound of the probabilities of failure for the structural system have been evaluated and are compared with the suggested prediction method for all possible combination of failure modes.     

汽车牌照自动识别系统在公路收费口的应用

最近及未来的几年 ,上海市境内将建成多条高速公路 ,如何提高高速公路的服务质量 ,出入口的通行能力是一条比较重要的衡量标准。汽车牌照自动识别系统利用先进的摄像技术、图像识别技术和计算机技术 ,对抓拍图像进行正确分割和快速处理 ,自动识别出汽车的牌照号码 ,提升了高速公路的服务水平     

论风景园林的学科体系

论述了中国风景园林学科的概念、基础、核心、地位和学科体系结构,在中西比较的基础上讨论了学科的名称和发展前景.     

Simulating the impacts of policy scenarios on the sustainability performance of infrastructure projects

Sustainable development principles have been implemented in various sectors including the construction industry since it was published in the Brundtland Commission Report in 1987. In line with this development, implementation of infrastructure construction projects has been given particular attention as they have more significant impacts on the environment, society and economy. It is considered that proper development and operation of infrastructure projects such as highways can contribute significantly to the mission of sustainable development. However, there is little existing work to provide appropriate methods to assess the sustainability performance of infrastructure projects. The study described in this paper introduces a simulation model, using system dynamics principle, to evaluate the sustainability performance of highway infrastructure projects during the construction and operation stage. The study introduces the indicators which measure the sustainability performance of highway projects and identifies the dynamic factors affecting indicator performance by referring to the relevant feasibility studies of highway projects. A real highway project is presented to demonstrate the application of the simulation model in evaluating the sustainability performance of the project. The case study is used to explore the solutions for improving those poor sustainability performance areas through policy scenarios.