生物浸出低品位镍铜硫化矿

阐述了氧化亚铁硫杆菌 (TF5)和氧化硫硫杆菌 (TT)浸出金川低品位镍铜硫化矿的机理、过程动力学、工艺条件和反应工程。研究表明 ,含镍磁黄铁矿的细菌浸出以细菌氧化生成的Fe3 +的作用为主 ,浸出速率受表面反应控制 ;镍黄铁矿的细菌浸出以矿物表面吸附菌的作用为主。细菌对Mg2 +离子的耐受浓度因驯化而提高 ,极限浓度可达 15～ 2 0g/L。低品位镍铜矿的细菌浸出过程中 ,pH控制、细菌的初始接种量、矿浆浓度及TF和TT的混合比是影响镍、铜、钴等有价金属元素浸出速率和最终浸出率的主要因素。优化条件下气升式和搅拌式反应器中试验表明 ,优化条件下 ,在生物浸出低品位镍铜硫化矿 ,镍浸出率可达到 92 %～ 94 % ,铜达 4 8%～ 50 % ,钴达 88%～ 91%。     

Prediction of swirling confined diffusion flame with a Monte Carlo and a presumed-PDF-model

This work aims to compare numerical results obtained by using the Monte Carlo composition-PDF method and a presumed-β-PDF in order to reveal their effects on the prediction of flow and scalar fields in swirling confined methane diffusion flame. Using the intrinsic low dimensional manifolds method for modelling the chemistry and a second moment closure for the turbulence, it is shown that both PDF-methods provide a similar accuracy level of the prediction of mean quantities. While the presumed-β-PDF performs using reasonable computational efforts, the Monte Carlo-PDF allows to capture well the turbulence-chemistry interaction and strong finite-chemistry effects such as local extinction.     

二维条码技术现状及前景展望

条码技术是世界上广泛应用的一种自动识别和电子计算机输入数据的手段 ,是提高工作效率的管理工具。并广泛应用于商业、邮政、图书管理、仓储、工业生产过程控制、交通等领域的一种自动识别技术 ,具有输入速度快、准确度高、成本低、可靠性强等优点。对二维条码技术的现状、特点以及对未来的发展与应用前景进行了讨论和展望     

An improved tie force method for progressive collapse resistance design of reinforced concrete frame structures

Progressive collapse of structures refers to local damage due to occasional and abnormal loads, which in turn leads to the development of a chain reaction mechanism and progressive and catastrophic failure. The tie force (TF) method is one of the major design techniques for resisting progressive collapse, whereby a statically indeterminate structure is designed through a locally simplified determinate structure by assumed failure mode. The method is also adopted by the BS8110-1:1997, Eurocode 1, and DoD 2005. Due to the overly simplified analytical model used in the current practical codes, it is necessary to further investigate the reliability of the code predictions. In this research, a numerical study on two reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures demonstrates that the current TF method is inadequate in increasing the progressive collapse resistance. In view of this, the fundamental principles inherent in the current TF method are examined in some detail. It is found that the current method fails to consider such important factors as load redistribution in three dimensions, dynamic effect, and internal force correction. As such, an improved TF method is proposed in this study. The applicability and reliability of the proposed method is verified through numerical design examples.     

基于LabVIEW与PLC通信的电液伺服振动台PDF控制

利用ActiveX技术使PLC与LabVIEW通信,并将其作为电液伺服振动台的控制器。建立液压伺服振动台的数学模型,利用PDF算法对电液伺服振动台进行位置控制,通过得出的试验曲线可以明显看出PDF控制在液压伺服中的优越性。     

Design and implementation of quench detection instrumentation for TF magnet system of SST-1

Steady State Superconducting Tokamak-1 (SST-1) at Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), India is now in engineering validation phase. The assembled Toroidal Field (TF) magnet system of SST-1 will be operated at 10 kA of nominal current at helium cooled condition of 4.5 K. A reliable and fail proof quench detection (QD) system is essential for the safety and the investment protection requirements of the magnets. This QD system needs to continuously monitor all the superconducting coils, which include 16 TF magnets, return-loop, bus bars and current leads. In case of any event initiating the normal resistive zone and reaching thermal run-away, the QD system needs to trigger the magnet protection circuits. Precision instrumentation and control system with 204 signal channels had been developed for detection of quench anywhere in the entire TF magnet system. In the present configuration of quench detection scheme, the voltage drop across each double pancake (DP) of each TF coil are compared with its two adjacent DPs for the detection of normal zone and cancelation of inductive couples. Two identical redundant systems with one out of two configurations are successfully commissioned and tested at IPR. This paper describes the design and implementation of the QD system, Installation experience, validation test and initial results from the recent SST-1 magnet system charging.     

一种基于概率解释的新型互连线时延Slew模型

基于概率解释的互连线时延模型具有效率高,实现简单,估计准确等特点,在亚100纳米工艺IC设计及验证中具有较好的应用前景.基于概率解释的互连线时延模型往往需要大量的查表计算,对效率及计算精度都存在一定的影响,而且有些模型不能进行Slew的估计.本文提出了一种基于BS统计分布的互连线时延模型,完全避免了查表运算而且可直接用于Slew估计.90纳米工艺TCAD仿真实验结果表明,该模型在效率、精度、实现难易程度等方面具有一定的优势,对亚100纳米VLSI静态时序分析及相关EDA工具开发也有一定的参考价值.     

PDF和PDFSV在直流电动机速度控制中的应用研究

文章研究PDF和PDFSV控制在直流电动机速度控制系统中的应用。在数学建模的基础上,通过实验方法获得被控对象的传递函数,并作了PI、PDF、PDFSV控制器的设计。用MATLAB作了动态仿真,设计、制作了以单片机为核心处理单元的电机微机控制系统,并编写了相应的控制软件进行实验。最后对实验结果与仿真结果进行比较、分析,证明PDF控制和PDFSV控制可以用在电机速度控制系统中,并提高其控制精度。     

The basic properties of some typical systems’ reliability in interval form

A proper mathematical representation of uncertainties is indispensable for reliability analysis of a practical engineering structural system. A general uncertainty analysis approach is probability bounds analysis (PBA), which propagates constraints on a distribution function through mathematical operations. The uncertainty about a probability distribution is represented by the set of cumulative distribution functions lying entirely within a pair of bounding distribution functions, which is called a P-box. Interval analysis as a special case of PBA is useful when there is no or less probabilistic information. It is common sense that great efforts must be paid to get enough probabilistic information used for probabilistic analysis of large and complex engineering structural systems. Even if there is no or less probabilistic information; the interval of possible values of probability of an event can be easily specified, such as the interval value of each element’s reliability of an engineering structural system.

This paper aims to introduce the concept of system reliability and its relationship to the reliability of its individual elements in an interval form. In terms of extension principle, interval arithmetic and possibility degree formula (PDF) for ranking interval numbers, basic properties of system reliability in interval form are investigated. The conclusion is that relationships between point reliability (point reliability used to describe a precise value of probability reliability is distinct with interval reliability) of some typical systems, such as series system, parallel system, series–parallel system, parallel–series system and r/n(G) system, etc., and point reliability of their individual elements are maintained in their interval forms. This is called quasi-consistency in this paper. A simple review of order relations of interval numbers, which will play an important role in interval reliability analysis, is given. The proposed quasi-consistency establishes the foundations for interval reliability analysis of a complex engineering structural system.     

IMS中PDF原型系统的设计与实现

IMS中PDF模块的主要功能是完成基于策略的业务控制和QoS控制,完成与应用服务器以及策略信息库的查询交互等功能.设计了一种PDF原型系统.策略服务器模拟了PDF的功能原理接收来自AS以及用户侧的相关信息,查询策略仓库中存储的相关信息,做出策略决策,完成鉴权、业务请求许可、QoS等级授权、带宽预留等功能.