M17: a novel gene expressed in germinal centers

Germinal centers are histologically distinct structures thatform within the draining lymphoid tissues following immunizationwith T cell-dependent antigens. Here, antigen-specific B cellstransform the lymphoid follicle into a site of intense B cellproliferation, differentiation and selection. To understandthe molecular basis for these cellular events, we sought toisolate germinal center B cell-specific genes using subtractivecDNA libraries derived from FACS-sorted (CD45R/B220⁺, lgD^–,Thy1.2^–) lymph node B cells of immunized mice. A novelgene isolated from this library, designated M17, was found tobe transcribed in spleen and, to a lesser extent, bone marrow.Strikingly, only PNA⁺ (germinal center) but not PNA^– splenicB cells express M17. Germinal center-specific expression ofM17 was confirmed by staining of histoiogical sections of spleenwith an antiserum raised against a glutathione-S-transferase-M17fusion protein. The M17 gene comprises four exons spanning 13.2kb, and encodes a 25 kDa cytoplasmic protein of 159 amlno acids.Analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed the presence ofa possible llpid binding domain and multiple potential phosphorylationsites, including a tyrosine-based activation motif. We speculatethat M17 may be a signaling molecule involved in the transductionof signals from the cell surface to the cytoplasm.     

信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的拓展

论述了信息时代高校图书馆信息服务的优势、模式、特点，探讨了高校图书馆拓展信息服务的策略。     

Antigenic and immunogenic mimicry of the HER2/neu oncoprotein by phage-displayed peptides

To recover peptides that antigenically and immunogenically mimic the p185^HER2 oncoprotein, we selected the phage-peptide libraries pVIII-9aa and pVIII-9aa. Cys using murine monoclonal antibodies (mAb) MGr2 and MGr6, directed against two distinct epitopes of the p185^HER2 extracellular domain. Phagedisplayed peptides containing consensus amino acid motifs were recovered and shown to compete specifically for mAb binding on tumor cells that overexpress p185^HER2. The deduced amino acid sequence of the peptides suggests that both epitopes defined by the mAb on p185^HER2 are discontinuous and that hydrophobic interactions are involved in binding with the mAb. A phage clone displaying the GPLDSLFAQ peptide elicited a specific immune response against the p185^HER2 in BALB/c mice, demonstrating that this phage-displayed peptide represents an immunological equivalent of the MGr2 epitope on p185^HER2 and might be used as a substitute for this oncoprotein in in vitro and in vivo immunological studies.     

人组合抗体库(HuCAL)的构建及其优化

基于抗体结构信息、通过聚类分析建立的全合成人组合抗体库(the fully gene-synthetic human combinational antibody library,HuCAL)由Peter Pack等于1997年率先提出.与其它抗体库不同,HuCAL由源于人免疫系统胚系基因分类获得的7个VH、7个VL(4个Vκ、3个Vλ)主架序列及CDR3库组成,其49个ScFv主架在大肠杆菌周质腔中,均能以分泌形式正确表达;CDR两侧特有的酶切位点,使CDR的替换非常方便;同时,由于CDR3库在构建时,采用了三联核苷酸突变技术,增加了随机化的准确性和效率,使抗体库的质量得到极大的提高.构建好的HuCAL经多种抗原筛选后,产生了一大批高亲和力结合子,且筛出的抗体表达量、热稳定性较好.由于HuCAL主架基因是人免疫系统胚系基因的通用序列,其免疫原性大大降低,可用于产生体内诊断性或治疗性的人源抗体.本文对HuCAL的构建及其优化进行综述.     

Consumer Health Education Center: An Overview of Library Services

This paper provides a brief review of the development and history of the Community Health Education Center (CHEC), a library for patients and their family members over its past 14 years. Over time, CHEC management recognized new patient needs and evolved to meet the needs of its users through a variety of value-added services. This article discusses current services that CHEC offers including reference, business services, and health and wellness programs. Libraries planning to provide consumer health information services to patients and their family members can learn valuable lessons from the history, development, challenges, and services of CHEC.     

Use of Social Media for Consumer Health Outreach in a Solo Hospital Library

Using social media in hospital libraries is an excellent tool for reaching and engaging existing or potential users. However, small or solo hospital librarians do not always have enough staff or time to incorporate these resources into their menu of services. Hospital librarians should consider the potential benefits of using the library as a trusted social media resource for the community and can customize outreach without sacrificing staff time, straining the budget, or battling the firewall. Having the hospital library offer health information to the community through social media has many potential benefits for improving health knowledge and health literacy.     

Phage display peptide libraries in molecular allergology: from epitope mapping to mimotope‐based immunotherapy

Identification of allergen epitopes is a key component in proper understanding of the pathogenesis of type I allergies, for understanding cross‐reactivity and for the development of mimotope immunotherapeutics. Phage particles have garnered recognition in the field of molecular allergology due to their value not only in competitive immunoscreening of peptide libraries but also as immunogenic carriers of allergen mimotopes. They integrate epitope discovery technology and immunization functions into a single platform. This article provides an overview of allergen mimotopes identified through the phage display technique. We discuss the contribution of phage display peptide libraries in determining dominant B‐cell epitopes of allergens, in developing mimotope immunotherapy, in understanding cross‐reactivity, and in determining IgE epitope profiles of individual patients to improve diagnostics and individualize immunotherapy. We also discuss the advantages and pitfalls of the methodology used to identify and validate the mimotopes.     

中小型图书馆文献编目质量规范控制探讨

分析了中小型图书馆文献编目质量规范方面的问题,对提高编目人员的规范意识、编目数据著录规范、学习与使用标目法与机读目录格式、数据格式标准化及标目规范控制工作范围、制定编目规范控制细则等五个方面进行了探讨.     

医院图书馆过刊剔旧工作的思考

分析了医院图书馆过刊剔旧的必要性与可行性,提出了剔旧原则与建立全国性文献剔除网络中心的设想.