PsTg对甲状腺乳头状癌术后功能性淋巴结转移患者131I最佳治疗反应的预测价值

目的:探讨¹³¹I治疗前刺激性甲状腺球蛋白(psTg)水平对甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)术后功能性残留淋巴结转移且无远处转移患者¹³¹I最佳治疗反应(ER)的预测价值。 方法:回顾性纳入2011年3月至2015年6月间于郑州大学附属肿瘤医院行甲状腺双侧叶全切+淋巴结清扫术后首次行¹³¹I治疗时确诊为功能性残留淋巴结转移且无远处转移的PTC患者72例[男22例、女50例,年龄14~76(46.5±14.4)岁;血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)水平均正常]。根据治疗反应评估体系将患者分为ER组和非ER组。采用两独立样本 t检验、 χ²检验、Mann-Whitney U检验比较2组患者的一般临床特征,再进行多因素logistic回归分析;采用ROC曲线评估psTg、转移淋巴结大小(短径)对ER的预测价值。 结果:ER组44例,非ER组28例,2组患者的性别、年龄、临床分期、术后转移淋巴结个数和位置差异均无统计学意义( t=0.82, χ²值:0.16~2.60,均 P>0.05);而美国甲状腺协会(ATA)初始风险分层( χ²=33.38)、转移淋巴结大小( U=296.50)和psTg( U=111.00)差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.001)。多因素回归分析显示,psTg[比值比( OR)=0.047, 95% CI: 0.004~0.500, P=0.011]和转移淋巴结大小( OR=0.146, 95% CI: 0.032~0.666, P=0.013)是影响ER的独立因素,而ATA初始风险分层不是独立因素( OR=0.266, 95% CI: 0.051~1.390, P=0.116)。PsTg、转移淋巴结大小的ROC AUC分别为0.904、0.873;当psTg以20.05 μg/L为界值时,其预测ER的灵敏度和特异性分别为96.4%(27/28)和75.0%(33/44);当转移淋巴结大小以0.75 cm为界值时,其预测ER的灵敏度和特异性分别为78.6%(22/28)和81.8%(36/44)。 结论:PsTg可以较好地预测PTC术后功能性残留淋巴结转移患者¹³¹I疗效,转移淋巴结大小对疗效也有重要影响。     

景德镇市生活饮用水碘含量的检测与结果分析

目的碘是人体必要的微量元素,人们获得碘元素的渠道主要是生活饮水,本次研究中生活用水为井水。本文检测生活饮用水中碘含量并分析结果。方法选取景德镇市2017年3~10月检测的生活饮用水,并将其中的186例水样作为本次研究对象,所有研究对象均为本市地理状况和人口分布具有代表性的生活饮用水样本,使用中国疾病预防控制中心国家碘缺乏病参照实验室推荐的方法进行检测,即硫酸铈催化分光光度法。结果碘含量的范围在5~127.66μg/L,其中碘含量低于10μg/L的有76例水样,占40.86%,碘含量为10μg/L及以上的有110例水样,占59.14%。结论景德镇市生活饮用水碘含量基本可以满足人体需求,但有些生活饮用水中碘含量相对不足,需要使用含碘食盐来补充身体的需求。     

碘 131 治疗期间辐射防护方法的研究进展

〔摘 要〕 同位素治疗手段及医学显像技术在医疗科技中发挥着越来越重要的作用，在这一趋势之下，放射性治疗 药物在临床中效果更加明显，同时其应用也变得越来越广泛。但同时还需要意识到，放射性治疗药物的应用，本质上 对于患者及医护工作人员都会产生一定的影响，也就是辐射影响。碘 131 主要在一些甲状腺疾病的治疗中进行应用， 其具备明显的靶向性治疗优势和价值，并且碘 131 还可以用于标记多种化合物，在临床中的肝、胆、肾等器官疾病的 诊断过程中均有运用，为了碘 131 在治疗中的价值和作用得到全面发挥，就需要注重辐射防护方法的应用。本研究针 对碘 131 治疗期间辐射防护方法的研究进展进行了系统研究和分析，目的在于提升碘 131 治疗效果和辐射防护效果。     

Successful coronary angiography with adequate image acquisition using a combination of gadolinium and a power injector in a patient with severe iodine contrast allergy

A history of severe allergic reaction to iodine contrast leading to anaphylactic shock presents a dilemma in patients requiring cardiac catheterization. As an alternative, gadolinium has been an interesting and potentially useful agent. However, gadolinium produces poor image quality and has been associated with significant arrhythmias in small case series. Furthermore, there is no consensus about the maximal allowable dose that can be administered to a patient. In the present report, a successful combination of gadolinium contrast with a power injector that produced adequate image quality in a patient with severe allergy to iodine contrast is described. The case was complicated by the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation when damping occurred during injection of contrast into the right coronary artery. This complication has been reported previously with intracoronary gadolinium injection. The report is followed by a brief literature review.     

ADJUVANT EFFECT OF PLUCHEA QUITOC EXTRACT ON THE RESISTANCE OF TUMORBEARING MICE BY MODULATION OF THE HOST HEMATOPOIETIC RESPONSE

Progressive tumor growth is regularly accompanied by changes in the cellular constituents of the immune system. Evidence suggests that soluble factors generated during tumor growth can affect the amount of granulocytemacrophage progenitors. In vitro colony growth of progenitor cells may be an early indicator of the cellular changes associated with tumor growth. Pluchea quitoc has been previously found to modulate the hematopoietic response during bacterial infection. This study was designed to investigate the effects of P. quitoc on the growth and differentiation of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) in Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. In contrast to the myelosuppression developed in the tumor-bearing animals, treatment with P. quitoc ethanolic extract (250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days after tumor challenge reversibly stimulated myelopoiesis, restoring the number of CFU-GM to normal. This same dose-schedule also increased colony formation in normal mice as compared to controls. In addition, P. quitoc significantly enhanced survival of tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest an immunoregulatory role for P. quitoc in counteracting the tumor-induced myelopoietic suppression as well as usefulness as adjuvant treatment of cancer.     

Consistent Iodine Status Assessment in Chinese Adults by Different Spot Urinary Iodine Concentrations in a Day Together With Corresponding Correction Coefficients

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the correction coefficients of different spot urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in a day to predict the early morning UIC, to make the different spot UICs of a day comparable in assessing iodine status in the same population.

Methods: In total, 424 participants aged 18 to 28?years were recruited from Tianjin, China. Three spot urine samples were collected from each participant during three periods of the day (6:30–7:00, 10:00–10:30, and 16:00–16:30). A total of 1272 urine samples were collected. A 24-hour dietary record was reported by each participant for 3 consecutive days.

Results: Both the UICs at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 were higher than that at 6:30–7:00 (181.75 or 198.15μg/L vs 157.69?μg/L; all p?<?0.05). Bland-Altman plot showed no good agreements between the other two spot UICs and that at 6:30–7:00 with both Bland-Altman indexes of 7.1%. Correction coefficients used to predict UIC at 6:30–7:00 from the UIC at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 were 0.9231 and 0.8592, respectively. The predicted UICs at 6:30–7:00 by using the UIC at 10:00–10:30 and 16:00–16:30 both had no statistically significant difference with the actual UIC at 6:30–7:00 (all p?>?0.05). Bland-Altman plot showed good agreements between the predicted UICs and actual UICs at 6:30–7:00 with both Bland-Altman indexes of 4.5%.

Conclusions: It was reliable to predict the early morning UIC using correction coefficients of other spot UIC of the day, which gave a new idea for standardizing the methodology of surveys assessing iodine status of a population.     

甲状腺乳头状癌患者术后首次131I治疗后辐射剂量率的影响因素及出院时间的探讨

目的 探讨甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者术后首次131I治疗后影响辐射剂量率降低的相关因素,并预估其住院隔离时间。方法 选取2015年5月至2018年11月于南方医科大学珠江医院住院并首次行131I治疗的PTC患者167例,其中男性43例、女性124例,年龄(37.14± 12.00)岁。将所有患者按治疗剂量分为高剂量组(63例)和低剂量组(104例),于治疗后24、48、72、96 h时测量距离患者1 m处的辐射剂量率,将治疗后患者体内滞留131I活度为400 MBq时的时间点定为出院时间。采用多重线性回归方法分析影响辐射剂量率降低的相关因素。组间比较采用两独立样本非参数检验或两独立样本t检验。结果 PTC患者首次行131I治疗后的辐射剂量率随时间推移迅速下降,高剂量组治疗后的24、48 h辐射剂量率[(70.62±34.45)、15.64 μSv/h]明显高于低剂量组[(11.27±5.13)、2.03 μSv/h],且差异均有统计学意义(t=-13.581、-7.952,均P <0.01)。81.0%(51/63)和90.5%(57/63)的高剂量组患者分别可在治疗48 h和72 h后出院,99%(103/104)的低剂量组患者可在治疗24 h后出院。多重线性回归分析显示,131I剂量和2 h摄碘率对高剂量组24 h辐射剂量率的影响有统计学意义(F=9.23,复相关系数R2=0.212,P<0.01),高剂量组24 h辐射剂量率与2 h摄碘率和131I剂量呈正相关;性别、24 h摄碘率和残甲法3对高剂量组48 h辐射剂量率的影响有统计学意义(F=34.45,复相关系数R2=0.622,P<0.01),48 h辐射剂量率与24 h摄碘率和残留甲状腺体积呈正相关,与性别呈负相关;131I剂量和24 h饮水量对低剂量组24 h辐射剂量率的影响有统计学意义(F=12.76,复相关系数R2=0.186 ,P<0.01),低剂量组24 h辐射剂量率与131I剂量呈正相关,与24 h饮水量呈负相关。结论 PTC术后患者首次131I治疗24 h后,影响其辐射剂量率降低的主要因素是服用131I的剂量,而48 h后的主要影响因素是24 h甲状腺摄碘率、残留甲状腺体积和性别。低剂量组和高剂量组平均住院时间分别为1 d和2 d左右。     

首次^131I治疗后淋巴结显影伴治疗前刺激性Tg阴性的分化型甲状腺癌的治疗反应及影响因素分析

目的探讨甲状腺全切术后、^131I治疗前刺激性甲状腺球蛋白(psTg)阴性伴^131I治疗后SPECT/CT显像示淋巴结显影的分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)患者的治疗反应及其影响因素。方法回顾性纳入2016年5月至2018年10月间在青岛大学附属医院首次行^131I治疗的psTg阴性(<2μg/L)且^131I治疗后5~6 d SPECT/CT显像示淋巴结显影的DTC术后患者108例[男28例、女80例,年龄(45.7±10.4)岁],根据治疗后6~24个月治疗反应将患者分为疗效满意(ER)组与非ER组,采用两独立样本t检验、χ^2检验和Mann-Whitney U检验进行2组间年龄、性别、腺外浸润等多个因素差异的比较,再行多因素logistic回归分析判断治疗反应的影响因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估显影淋巴结大小(长径)对非ER的预测价值。结果108例患者中82例(75.93%)为ER组,26例(24.07%)为非ER组,2组患者在年龄(t=-2.540,P=0.016)、腺外浸润(χ^2=5.764,P=0.016)、T分期(χ^2=19.857,P<0.001)、N分期(χ^2=14.145,P=0.001)、复发风险分层(χ^2=11.487,P=0.003)、治疗前超声结果(χ^2=44.819,P<0.001)、首次^131I剂量(U=780.0,P=0.018)、显影淋巴结大小(U=184.0,P<0.001)、psTg水平(U=776.0,P=0.037)方面差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析示,年龄、显影淋巴结大小和治疗前超声结果与治疗反应密切相关,其比值比[OR(95%CI)]分别为:1.123(1.025~1.231)、4.275(1.893~9.653)和260.86(8.123~8376.764)。显影淋巴结大小以5.5 mm为界值时预测非ER的灵敏度、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为100%(26/26)、70.73%(58/82)、77.78%(84/108)、52.00%(26/50)和100%(58/58)。结论首次^131I治疗后淋巴结显影伴治疗前psTg阴性的DTC患者中有部分患者治疗反应未达ER;年龄、治疗前超声、显影淋巴结大小可作为预测其治疗反应的灵敏指标。