益气活血中药配合双联抗血小板治疗对急性心肌梗死大鼠血栓形成的影响

目的 观察益气活血中药配伍双联抗血小板治疗对急性心肌梗死(AMI)后大鼠血小板功能和血栓形成的影响.方法 59只SD大鼠随机选12只设为假手术组,其余大鼠结扎前降支冠状动脉建立实验性AMI模型,36只造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组、双抗组和益气活血+双抗组各12只.双抗组给予阿司匹林肠溶片9mg/(kg·d)和硫酸氢氯吡格雷片6.75 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,益气活血+双抗组在双抗组的基础上加给予心悦胶囊162mg/(kg·d)+复方川芎胶囊400mg/(kg·d)灌胃,模型组和假手术组给予等量蒸馏水,连续灌胃28天.测定大鼠体内血栓形成时间和体外血栓形成长度、湿重、干重,检测凝血指标、血小板最大聚集率(PAgT)、血栓素B2 (TXB2)和6酮-前列腺素F1α(6-keto-PGF1α)含量,计算心室腔面积与心脏横切面积比值.结果 与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠颈动脉体内血栓形成时间缩短,体外血栓形成长度、湿重和干重增加,活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)缩短,纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量增加,6-keto-PGF1α含量降低,心室腔面积和心脏横切面积比值增加(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与模型组比较,益气活血+双抗组大鼠体内血栓形成时间显著延长,体外血栓长度、湿重、干重显著降低,凝血指标改善,PAgT下降,6-keto-PGF1α含量升高,心室腔面积和心脏横切面积比值降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 益气活血中药配伍双联抗血小板治疗可进一步抑制AMI大鼠颈动脉动脉血栓形成,且不增加出血风险.     

急性心肌梗死和Walker256肿瘤同体运动模型血管新生因子的改变

<正>目的:血管生成是机体一系列生理病理反应导致的一种基础生物学过程,是肿瘤生成、侵染和转移的关键步骤。而对急性心肌梗死(AMI)后冠脉侧枝循环的建立,血管生成能减轻心肌缺血坏死,改善临床症状和预后。建立一种心肌缺血和肿瘤同在一体的动物模型,观察心肌缺血大鼠接种荷瘤后的血清学炎症因子     

人参皂苷Rb1对氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导的人单核细胞源树突状细胞免疫成熟的影响

目的 研究中药单体人参皂苷Rb1(ginsenoside Rb1, GRb1)对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein, OX-LDL)诱导的人单核细胞源树突状细胞(dendritic cells, DCs)免疫成熟的影响。     

LC-ESI-MSn法鉴定心悦胶囊中西洋参皂苷类成分

目的 建立LC-MS法确定心悦胶囊的主要组成成分。方法 采用LC-ESI-MS负离子检测模式对心悦胶囊中的皂苷类成分进行分析,通过与胶囊辅料提取物比较,筛选胶囊的主要成分,对其进行多级质谱裂解分析。以对照品及文献数据为对照,通过对各成分的MS²谱图和MS³谱图的解析对各成分进行指认。结果 从心悦胶囊中发现包括原人参二醇型、原人参三醇型和奥寇梯木醇型皂苷在内的18种人参皂苷类成分,采用对照品对其中的人参皂苷Re(ginsenoside Re,G-Re)、Rg₁(G-Rg₁)、拟人参皂苷F₁₁(pseudoginsenoside F₁₁,P-F₁₁)、人参皂苷Rg₂(G-Rg₂)、人参皂苷Rc(G-Rc)、Rb₂(G-Rb₂)、Rb₃(G-Rb₃)、Rd(G-Rd)、F₂(G-F₂)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rg₃［20(S)-G-Rg₃］等10个成分进行了结构确证。结论 所建立的LC-MSⁿ法可同时对奥寇悌隆型人参皂苷、原人参二醇型和原人参三醇型人参皂苷进行分析,方法灵敏、快速、简单,适用于心悦胶囊和西洋参皂苷类成分的分析和结构鉴定。     

Study on international standard multilingual nomenclature of Chinese medicine

<正>The International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomenclature of Chinese medicine(ISN) was released in 2007,a nomenclature list consisting of 6 500 Chinese medical terms.ISN was the culmination of several years of collaborative diligent work of over 200 specialists who represent Chinese medicine in 68 countries.The overall goal for devising standard English nomenclature for Chinese medicine is to develop a practical international standard nomenclature for Chinese medical basic terms,to make it compatible with contemporary research and educational standards in the globalized health care service.In this article,provided is an overview of principles and methods for the multilingual translations,the processes behind the particular content of the Chinese-English ISN and an introduction to the ongoing new projects,i.e.the multilingual versions of ISN(International Standards of Chinese-Spanish,Chinese-French and Chinese-Portuguese Basic Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine).     

Synergistic Protection of Danhong Injection (丹红注射液) and Ischemic Postconditioning on Myocardial Reperfusion Injury in Minipigs

Objective: To explore the synergistic protection of Danhong Injection (丹红注射液,DHI) and ischemic postconditioning on myocardial reperfusion injury in minipigs.Methods: Acute myocardial infarction model was made by balloon occlusion in left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of minipigs,and then postconditioning was simulated through inflation/deflation of the angioplasty balloon.Minipigs were divided into four groups: the sham operation group (SH group),the ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group),the ischemic postconditioning group (POC group) and DHI combined with ischemic postconditioning group (PAD group,DHI 20 mL through ear vein),six in each group.After 24-h continuous observation,myocardial infarction size was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium staining (TTC).Morphological changes of ischemic myocardium were observed by light microscopy,and cardiomyocyte ultrastructure was studied with electron microscopy.The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity in heart homogenates were measured by a biochemical method.Results: The myocardial infarction size was smaller in the POC group than in the I/R group (0.26±0.02 vs.0.37±0.09,P0.05),and the PAD group (0.14±0.08) displayed a significantly reduced infarction size relative to the I/R group (P0.01) and POC group (P0.05).The damage of myocardial tissue was severe in the I/R group shown by light and electron microscopy: myocardial fibers disorder,sarcoplasmic dissolution,myofilament fracture,mitochondria swelling and even vacuolization formation and a large number of inflammatory cell infiltrations.Compared with the I/R group,reduction of reperfusion injury in the PAD group included more orderly arranged myocardial fibers,less infiltration of inflammatory cells and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity.Compared with the I/R group,the damage of myocardial tissue in the POC group was improved,but not as significant as that in the PAD group.SOD levels in the POC group and the PAD group were significantly higher than those in the I/R group (96.96±13.43,112.25±22.75 vs.76.32±10.63,P0.05),and MDA was significantly lower in the POC group and the PAD group compared to the I/R group (1.27±0.19,1.09±0.21 vs.1.47±0.16,P0.05).Conclusion: DHI and ischemic postconditioning show a synergistic cardioprotection on myocardial reperfusion injury in minipigs.     

用复杂网络挖掘分析冠心病证候-治法-中药关系

目的：分析冠心病证候、治法和药物之间的关系。方法：采用病证结合的方法,调查3018例冠心病住院患者的临床信息;基于冠心病个体化诊疗信息平台,用复杂网络挖掘分析冠心病患者证候-治法-用药关系。结果：冠心病常见证候要素依次为血瘀、气虚、痰浊、阴虚、阳虚、气滞、血虚。与常见证候要素构成复杂关联的治法主要有活血、清热、补气、化浊（痰）、养阴、温阳、宣痹,与常见证候要素构成复杂关联的药物主要有黄芪、陈皮、地黄、川芎、白术、桃仁、茯苓、甘草、半夏、泽泻、赤芍、当归、丹参、枳壳、桂枝、麦冬,与常见证候要素构成关联的药物功效有止痛、化浊（痰）、清热、活血、补气、凉血、利水、化瘀、解毒、补血、理气、安神、补脾、调经、通便、润燥、散结。结论：冠心病中医临床诊疗符合理法方药相一致的原则,治疗冠心病的清热治法、解毒治法值得进一步研究。     

益气活血中药联合缺血后适应保护缺血再灌注大鼠心肌损伤的机制

目的：观察益气活血中药是否可增加缺血后适应（ischemic postconditioning,IPoC）保护缺血再灌注（ischemiareperfusion,I/R）大鼠心肌的作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法：SD大鼠75只,随机分为假手术组（冠状动脉前降支下置线不结扎,n=15）,I/R组（冠状动脉前降支结扎30 min,再灌注1 h,n=15）,IPoC组（冠状动脉前降支结扎30 min,3次10 s的再灌注/缺血循环,再持续灌注1 h,n=15）,益气活血加IPoC组（心悦胶囊0.162 g/kg加芎芍胶囊0.135 g/kg,连续灌胃14 d,末次灌胃后2 h实施IPoC干预,n=15）,福辛普利钠加IPoC组（福辛普利钠片0.9 mg/kg灌胃,n=15）。比色法测定血清肌酸激酶同工酶（creatine kinase-MB,CK-MB）和肌钙蛋白T（cardiac troponin T,cTnT）的含量,氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色检测大鼠左室心肌梗死面积,免疫组织化学法检测心肌组织Toll样受体（Toll-likereceptor,TLR）2、4的表达,酶联免疫吸附测定法检测心肌组织白细胞介素1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）和白细胞介素6（interleukin-6,IL-6）的含量。结果：与I/R组比较,IPoC组大鼠血清CK-MB活性和cTnT水平明显降低（P〈0.01）,心肌梗死面积显著减小（P〈0.01）,心肌组织TLR2、4表达和炎症因子IL-6、IL-1β含量明显下降（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;与福辛普利钠加IPoC组比较,益气活血加IPoC组心肌组织TLR2、4表达显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;与IPoC比较,益气活血加IPoC可进一步减小I/R大鼠心肌梗死面积,降低血清CK-MB活性（P〈0.01）,减少心肌TLR2、4表达和IL-1β、IL-6含量（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论：益气活血中药可加强缺血后适应对I/R大鼠心肌的保护作用,其机制可能与抑制TLR2、4以及其下游促炎性细胞因子的表达有关。     

养心氏片治疗心力衰竭疗效的Meta分析

目的运用Meta分析对养心氏片治疗心力衰竭的临床疗效进行评价。方法计算机检索中国知网数据库、万方数据库、重庆维普全文数据库(VIP)及PubMed数据库1996年1月—2017年7月公开发表的与养心氏片治疗心力衰竭相关的随机对照试验(RCT),按照纳入标准筛选文献后进行质量评价,并采用Stata 14软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入11个研究,全部为中文,Jadad评分1篇为3分,3篇为2分,7篇为1分。Meta分析结果显示:在常规治疗基础上联用养心氏片治疗心力衰竭的有效率明显优于单纯西药治疗组,OR=3.47,95%CI[2.50,4.82],P0.001;并可提高左心室射血分数,加权均数差(WMD)=6.22,95%CI[5.38,7.06],P0.001;增加6min步行距离,WMD=46.39,95%CI[37.28,55.50],P0.001。结论在常规治疗基础上联用养心氏片,可显著提高心力衰竭病人的运动耐量及心功能,具有一定的临床疗效。     

LC-ESI-MS~n法鉴定心悦胶囊中西洋参皂苷类成分

目的建立LC-MS法确定心悦胶囊的主要组成成分。方法采用LC-ESI-MS负离子检测模式对心悦胶囊中的皂苷类成分进行分析,通过与胶囊辅料提取物比较,筛选胶囊的主要成分,对其进行多级质谱裂解分析。以对照品及文献数据为对照,通过对各成分的MS2谱图和MS3谱图的解析对各成分进行指认。结果从心悦胶囊中发现包括原人参二醇型、原人参三醇型和奥寇梯木醇型皂苷在内的18种人参皂苷类成分,采用对照品对其中的人参皂苷Re(ginsenoside Re,G-Re)、Rg1(G-Rg1)、拟人参皂苷F11(pseudoginsenoside F11,P-F11)、人参皂苷Rg2(G-Rg2)、人参皂苷Rc(G-Rc)、Rb2(G-Rb2)、Rb3(G-Rb3)、Rd(G-Rd)、F2(G-F2)、20(S)-人参皂苷Rg3[20(S)-G-Rg3]等10个成分进行了结构确证。结论所建立的LC-MSn法可同时对奥寇悌隆型人参皂苷、原人参二醇型和原人参三醇型人参皂苷进行分析,方法灵敏、快速、简单,适用于心悦胶囊和西洋参皂苷类成分的分析和结构鉴定。