人髌下脂肪垫干细胞的分离培养鉴定及初步研究

目的建立人髌下脂肪垫干细胞分离、培养和鉴定的平台，验证其可作为可靠的干细胞来源，并可作为细胞模型参与科学研究。 方法人髌下脂肪垫取自膝关节置换手术患者，经Ⅰ型胶原酶消化，在高糖Dulbecco改良Eagle培养基(DMEM)内扩增，取P5代细胞用于检测其"干性"及三向分化能力。与微尺度支架结合，通过RT－PCR检测成骨基因的表达，应用最小显著性差异法进行组间两两比较，用于验证微尺度支架的成骨诱导特性。 结果人髌下脂肪垫干细胞具备间充质干细胞相关特性，包括黏附贴壁性；成脂肪、成软骨及成骨分化；表达相关表面标记，如分化抗原簇(CD)73、CD90和CD105；不表达造血细胞系的分子表面标记，如c-kit、CD14、CD11b、CD34、CD45、CD19、CD79和人白细胞抗原(HLA)-DR。本课题中人髌下脂肪垫来源干细胞成功作为一种干细胞模型，证明HaCG微尺度支架具备成骨诱导特性，表现为三组中成骨基因ALP、COL1、Runx2表达差异有统计学意义(分别为F＝150，P<0.01；F＝68，P<0.01；F＝16，P<0.01)。HaCG微尺度支架组高于纯明胶微尺度支架组及二维培养组，纯明胶微尺度支架组高于二维培养组(P值均小于0.05)。 结论人髌下脂肪垫干细胞分离、培养和鉴定平台的建立，未来可作为细胞模型应用于多种不同实验。     

基于学生需求调查的预防医学专业毕业实习考核模式研究

目的 以学生需求调查分析为基础，探索普通本科医学院校预防医学专业毕业实习考核模式。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法抽取昆明医科大学2012 级～ 2014 级的五年制本科预防医学专业310 名学生为研究对象，采用问卷和访谈提纲进行调查，内容主要包括对预防医学专业毕业实习考核内容、考核方式、考核主体等的认识、看法及评价。结果 92.81% 的学生认为需要由职业素养、综合知识、专业能力构成毕业实习考核内容，不同年级的学生对考核内容需求评价差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；76.80% 的学生认为毕业实习考核方式可采用组合方式。访谈结果揭示，预防医学专业学生认同并愿接受内容更丰富、方式多样的毕业实习考核。结论 以多元化为导向构建预防医学专业的毕业实习考核模式，较适应预防医学人才培养的需要。     

Relationship between rosacea and dietary factors: A multicenter retrospective case–control survey

Although patients with rosacea often consult dermatologists for dietary factors that might be related to their skin disorders, few studies have been conducted to research the relationship between rosacea and dietary factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between rosacea and diet among the large Chinese population with rosacea, which would provide dietary guidelines for patients with rosacea. A multicenter case–control study was conducted. The feeding frequency 2 years before the occurrence of rosacea was collected by standardized questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate risks related to the diet. One thousand three hundred and forty‐seven patients with rosacea and 1290 controls were enrolled in our study. We found that high‐frequency intake of fatty food and tea presented a positive correlation with rosacea, while high‐frequency dairy product intake showed significant negative correlation with rosacea. Sweet food, coffee and spicy food appeared to be independent of any subset of rosacea in our study. However, high‐frequency dairy product intake showed a borderline beneficial effect on rosacea severity. We further analyzed the correlation between diet and the subtype of rosacea. We found that high‐frequency fatty intake was associated with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) and phymatous rosacea, while high‐frequency tea intake was only associated with ETR. In addition, high‐frequency dairy product intake showed negative correlations with ETR and papulopustular rosacea. Rosacea is associated with some dietary factors, and our study is valuable in establishing dietary guidelines to prevent and improve rosacea.     

Rapid and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of isochlorogenic acid B in rat plasma and its application in pharmacokinetic study

Asensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method for determination of isochlorogenic acid B in rat plasma was developed and validated in the present study. Plasma samples were prepared by a simple protein precipitation with methanol containing resveratrol as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-C₁₈ column (3.5 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm, Agilent, USA) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min using methanol/water containing 0.1% formic acid (v/v) as mobile phase. The detectionwas performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer equipped with Electronic Spray Ion by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) of the transitions at m/z 515.3→352.9 for isochlorogenic acid B and m/z 227.1→143.1 for IS, respectively. The calibration curve of the method was linear over the range of 5–2500 ng/mL (r² = 0.9982). The intra- and inter-day precisions (R.S.D.%) were less than 12.46%, and the accuracy (R.E.%) was within ±5.80%. Isochlorogenic acid B was sufficiently stable under all relevant analytical conditions. The validated method was successfully applied to the plasma pharmacokinetic studies of isochlorogenic acid B in rats. It was found that isochlorogenic acid B had non-linear pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats within the dosage ranges from 5 to 20 mg/kg.     

A systematic review of capacity assessment tools in pediatric surgery: Global Assessment in Pediatric Surgery (GAPS) Phase I

Background

The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery highlighted global surgical need but offered little insight into the specific surgical challenges of children in low-resource settings. Efforts to strengthen the quality of global pediatric surgical care have resulted in a proliferation of partnerships between low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). Standardized tools able to reliably measure gaps in delivery and quality of care are important aids for these partnerships. We undertook a systematic review (SR) of capacity assessment tools (CATs) focused on needs assessment in pediatric surgery.