新型MCuⅡ功能性宫内节育器和MYCu宫内节育器的临床观察

目的观察新型MCuⅡ功能性宫内节育器(MCuⅡIUD)和MYCu宫内节育器(MYCuIUD)的临床效果。方法选择300例自愿放置爱母IUD避孕的健康妇女,随机放置MCuⅡIUD、MYCu IUD各150例,术后第1、3、6、12个月随访。结果观察满12个月MCuⅡ组和MYCu组累计带器妊娠率分别为0、0.72%;累计脱落率分别为0.71%、0;因医疗原因取出率分别为2.88%、2.17%。差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。放置后4次随访主诉发生率后者低于前者,放置后1个月主诉、月经异常及腰腹疼痛差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MCuⅡIUD与MYCuIUD均有带器妊娠率低、脱落率低、因医疗原因取出率低的特点,而MYCuIUD含吲哚美辛,可降低放置IUD初期的出血和疼痛,值得推广选用。     

氧气雾化吸入疗法在骨科应用的护理体会

目的总结氧气雾化吸入疗法在骨科临床应用的护理体会。方法将100例中老年需行氧气雾化吸入治疗患者随机分为对照组与治疗组,每组50例。对照组给予一般常规护理,观察组在一般常规护理的基础上给予个人针对性护理。结果观察组的护理满意度明显高于对照组。结论氧气雾化吸入疗法在临床应用中要给予针对性的护理,这样有利于患者接受,达到满意效果,增加患者舒适度。     

七叶一枝花甾体皂苷种类及含量差异研究进展＊

重楼是我国传统的名贵中药，七叶一枝花为历版《中国药典》收载的重楼药材两个基原植物之一，具有清热解毒、消肿止痛、活血化瘀等功效，其主要活性成分为甾体皂苷类物质。由于重楼市场需求量剧增和七叶一枝花成药时间较长，导致大量依靠人工种植。然而，人工种植过程中产地、采收年限和采收月份都会影响七叶一枝花的甾体皂苷含量。本文系统地总结了七叶一枝花中主要活性成分甾体皂苷的种类，以及不同产地、不同生长年限及不同采收月份的七叶一枝花根茎中甾体皂苷含量差异的研究现状，以期为进一步研究七叶一枝花品质差异、野生资源驯化及规范化种植提供参考。     

对阴式子宫切除术患者采用循证护理干预效果观察

目的:观察循证护理用于阴式子宫切除术的实际效果。方法:选择82例阴式子宫切除术患者,随机分为观察组41例,采用循证护理方案,以及对照组41例,采用传统护理方案,记录两组患者围术期护理各项质量指标并对数据进行统计学分析。结果:观察组平均手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间及住院时间均较对照组短,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:循证护理用于阴式子宫切除术,具有效果显著,安全可靠的特点,值得临床推广应用。     

基于前药构建混合胶束实现紫杉醇/阿霉素共递送

为了达到靶向递送,实现肿瘤的联合治疗,制备两亲性紫杉醇-聚乙二醇前药以及小分子阿霉素前药,两者共同构成混合胶束实现共递送。合成还原敏感性的聚乙二醇-紫杉醇前体药物(m PEG-SS-PTX)和靶向性叶酸修饰的聚乙二醇-紫杉醇前体药物(FA-PEG-SS-PTX)。同时合成p H敏感阿霉素-乌头酸酐(CAD)小分子前药,采用透析法制备了靶向性混合胶束。对胶束的氧化还原敏感性和p H敏感性、靶向能力以及抗肿瘤效果进行了评价。所制备胶束具有还原敏感性和p H敏感性。叶酸修饰的混合胶束具有一定的靶向作用。体内外试验结果表明,混合胶束具有较好的治疗效果和较低的毒性。与紫杉醇/阿霉素混合溶液相比,m PEG-SS-PTX/FA-PEGSS-PTX/CAD混合胶束具有更高的抗肿瘤功效和更低的全身毒性。     

浅谈现代护理工作者应具备的能力

随着现代医学科学的发展,护理学科在护理理论、护理技术、护理体制和护理范围上都得到了不断的更新和发展。21世纪护理学的知识系统已由单一的患者扩大到全社会的人群,护士也已由从属地位变成独立的科技工作者。这无疑对     

提上睑肌腱膜修复治疗老年性后发性上睑下垂

目的 探讨与运用手术疗法,治疗因内眼手术导致的老年性后发性上睑下垂.方法 采用提上睑肌腱膜缝合术与腱膜折叠术进行修复矫正.结果 32例60眼进行腱膜缝合术,16例32眼进行腱膜折叠术,成功率为90%.结论 本组手术疗法不难看出,提上睑肌膜的修复,其上睑缘位置得到满意的提高,其功能得到强化与巩固,其活动度也相应地增强,得到了与传统的上睑下垂矫正不能达到的效果.     

神经外科意识障碍患者的转运护理

目的 讨论意识障碍患者的安全转运护理.方法 对意识障碍患者的安全护理总结. 结果意识障碍患者院内转运安全. 结论转运前认真评估患者病情,妥善处理病人所需,在转运前加强与接收部门的沟通,准备所需的仪器及药物,指派合格人员随行,以保证意识障碍患者院内转运安全,减少不良事件发生.     

内分泌和化疗对乳腺肿瘤患者干细胞的影响

BACKGROUND:Tumor stem cells are the root of cancer recurrence and metastasis, so clinical researches should focus on the effects of different treatments on tumor stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of endocrine therapy and chemotherapy on stem cells in patients with breast cancer. METHODS:After recovery and cultivation of estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, passage 3 cells in logarithmic phase were selected and divided into three groups containing control, estradiol and estradiol with tamoxifen groups. The estradiol group was divided into three subgroups: 10^-7, 10^-8 and 10^-9 mol/L estradiol was added into the medium, respectively; the estradiol with tamoxifen group was divided into three subgroups: 10^-7, 10^-8 and 10^-9 mol/L estradiol with 10^-6 mol/L tamoxifen were added into the medium, respectively. The same amount of absolute ethyl ethanol was added into the medium of control group. Fifteen female patients with late recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer received chemotherapy as recurrence and metastasis group. Another 15 healthy volunteers were selected as healthy control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in the estradiol and estradiol with tamoxifen groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and the proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in the estradiol group was significantly higher than that of the estradiol with tamoxifen group at the same concentration (P < 0.05). The proportion of CD44+CD24-/low cell subsets had no significant differences among groups at 10 and 20 days of culture (P < 0.05). The proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets significantly increased in MCF-7 cells after 24-hour intervention with different chemotherapy drugs. But only the proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in the paclitaxel and doxorubicin groups was significantly higher than that of the control group after 20-day intervention (P < 0.05). Besides, the proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in the peripheral blood of healthy volunteers was significantly lower than that of the recurrence and metastasis group (P < 0.05). Among 15 patients with late recurrence and metastatic of breast cancer, 9 had stable disease, 5 had partial remission, 1 had failed chemotherapy and cancer progression. Moreover, the proportion of CD45^-CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in the peripheral blood of patients sensitive for chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both endocrine therapy and chemotherapy exert a certain effect on the CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets of breast cancer positive for estrogen receptor. Given that CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell subsets in MCF-7 cells resist chemotherapy drugs, the proportion of CD45^-CD44⁺CD24^-/low cells in the peripheral blood of patients sensitive for chemotherapy is decreased.