七叶一枝花甾体皂苷种类及含量差异研究进展＊

重楼是我国传统的名贵中药,七叶一枝花为历版《中国药典》收载的重楼药材两个基原植物之一,具有清热解毒、消肿止痛、活血化瘀等功效,其主要活性成分为甾体皂苷类物质。由于重楼市场需求量剧增和七叶一枝花成药时间较长,导致大量依靠人工种植。然而,人工种植过程中产地、采收年限和采收月份都会影响七叶一枝花的甾体皂苷含量。本文系统地总结了七叶一枝花中主要活性成分甾体皂苷的种类,以及不同产地、不同生长年限及不同采收月份的七叶一枝花根茎中甾体皂苷含量差异的研究现状,以期为进一步研究七叶一枝花品质差异、野生资源驯化及规范化种植提供参考。

Research Progress on species and content differences of steroidal saponins in Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis (Franch.) Hara.

Paris polyphylla is a precious traditional Chinese medicine in China. P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara. is one of the two original plants of Paris polyphylla collected in the previous Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxification, reducing swelling and pain, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, etc. Its main active component is steroidal saponins. Due to the sharp increase in market demand and the long time for the preparation of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara., a large amount of artificial planting is required. However, during the process of artificial planting, the place of origin, harvest time and harvest month will all affect the steroidal saponins content of P. polyphylla Smith var.chinensis (Franch.) Hara. This paper systematically summarized the types of steroidal saponins, the main active components of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara., and the research status of steroidal saponins in the rhizomes of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara. at different producing areas, different growth years and different harvest months, in order to provide reference for further study on the quality difference, domestication of wild resources and standardized planting of P. polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara.