棘豆的生药学研究

目的完善棘豆的质量标准。方法资源调查、标本采集、鉴别与含量测定。结果青海、甘肃及四川北部以镰形棘豆为主,西藏以轮叶棘豆为主。建立了棘豆的TLC鉴别方法和紫外-可见分光光度法测定含量的方法;并在测定了6批次药材(包括2份对口药材)的基础上初步设定了棘豆所含黄酮类成分的含量限度。结论所建方法有利于完善棘豆的质量标准。     

二氯氧锆比色法测定镰形棘豆水提取物中的总黄酮

目的比色法测定镰形棘豆水提取物中的总黄酮。方法以芦丁为对照品、2.5 mo.lL-1盐酸甲醇溶液于90℃水解30min,3.0%二氯氧锆显色剂于453 nm测定镰形棘豆水提取物中的总黄酮。结果水提物中总黄酮含量为5.79%。结论方法简便,结果可靠。     

镰形棘豆黄酮类成分提取工艺与体外抗氧化活性研究

摘要 目的用正交实验法对镰形棘豆提取工艺进行优化,体外实验评价镰形棘豆总黄酮提取物的抗氧化活性。方法以镰形棘豆总黄酮的提取率和出膏率为评价指标,采用L9（34）正交实验设计法,优化镰形棘豆水提取工艺。选择清除羟自由基的Fenton法、清除1,1 二苯基 2 三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基法及还原能力,检测镰形棘豆总黄酮的体外抗氧化能力。结果镰形棘豆最佳水提取工艺为用药材10倍量体积的水,80 ℃热回流提取3次,每次1.0 h。该水提物中总黄酮含量达到（72.92±5.04） mg·g－1。镰形棘豆总黄酮提取物对羟自由基、DPPH自由基具有良好的清除能力,达到50%清除率所需药物的浓度（EC50）分别为1.10 mg·mL－1和262.57 μg·mL－1。结论该工艺可以显著提高提取物中黄酮类成分的含量,方法可靠,简便易行。富集后的镰形棘豆总黄酮具有良好的抗氧化活性,且活性与剂量呈正相关。     

镰形棘豆的生药分析

目的建立镰形棘豆药材品质评价的方法。方法从原植物、性状、显微、薄层鉴别、HPI。C法测定含量等对镰形棘豆进行生药分析研究。结果镰形棘豆药材原植物、药材性状、显微特征具有专属性,药材中2’,4’-二羟基查耳酮含量可达0．92％。结论原植物、性状、显微、薄层鉴别及HPLC法测定含量可用于镰形棘豆药材的品质控制。     

镰形棘豆总黄酮和总酚的含量测定

目的：考察镰形棘豆中总黄酮和总酚的含量。方法：以芦丁为对照品,采用NaNO2-Al（NO3）3-NaOH比色法测定了镰形棘豆中总黄酮的含量;以没食子酸为对照品,采用Folin—Ciocalteu比色法测定了总酚的含量。结果：芦丁浓度在4．2～50．4μg·mL^-1范围内线性关系良好。该方法平均加样回收率为98．07％,RSD为1．488％（n=9）。西藏安多、班戈和青海共和县3个产地的镰形棘豆中总黄酮含量分别为1．218％、1．296％和1．139％。没食子酸浓度在0．804～6．432μg·mL^-1。范围内线性关系良好。该方法平均加样回收率为98．87％,RSD为2．484％（n=6）,3个产地镰形棘豆中总酚的含量分别为0．530％、0．657％和0．493％。结论：此两种方法灵敏准确、精密度高、稳定性好、重复性强,分别可以用作镰形棘豆中总黄酮和总酚含量的测定,为镰形棘豆抗氧化性和抗炎作用的研究提供参考.     

藏药镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆的高效液相色谱指纹图谱分析

本文首次建立了藏药＂俄大夏＂的两种基源药材—镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆的一种简单、灵敏、可靠的高效液相色谱指纹图谱分析方法,并对不同产地以及不同时间采集的药材进行了分析,结果显示镰形棘豆有19个共有指纹峰,轮叶棘豆有24个共有指纹峰,镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆有11个共有指纹峰。通过对照品对照指认了两种药材中共有的7个指纹峰以及轮叶棘豆特有的1个指纹峰的化合物结构。研究结果表明两种药材尽管在化学成分上存在一定差异,但是其主要成分基本相同,因此从化学成分的角度上为两种药材均作为＂俄大夏＂入药提供了科学依据,同时也提示为了保证临床用药的疗效和一致性,有必要对这两种药材的化学和生物活性区别进行深入细致的研究。     

大孔吸附树脂富集藏药镰形棘豆总黄酮的工艺研究

目的:建立镰形棘豆总黄酮的大孔吸附树脂富集工艺.方法:二氯氧锆比色法测定样品中总黄酮苷含量,考察D-101大孔吸附树脂富集镰形棘豆水提取物中总黄酮的动态吸附能力,解吸附溶媒浓度及体积,以及树脂的重复利用能力等.结果:富集后总黄酮苷含量达到26%,接近富集前的5倍.结论:D-101型大孔吸附树脂对镰形棘豆水提物中总黄酮成分有较好的吸附能力,60%乙醇溶液解吸附快速有效,树脂重复利用度高.     

镰形棘豆提取物抗肿瘤活性的体外实验研究

目的：对从镰形棘豆中分离得到的5种提取物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选。方法：采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）法观察镰形棘豆挥发油、总黄酮、总多糖、总生物碱及总皂苷对HepG2、MGC-803、LOVO、MCF-7、HeLa等5种人癌细胞株增殖的影响。结果：挥发油和总黄酮可以不同程度地抑制人癌细胞株的增殖。并呈现出一定的量效关系。结论：镰形棘豆的挥发油和总黄酮是抗肿瘤活性的主要部位．值得进一步深入地探讨和研究。     

镰形棘豆经皮给药后抗炎镇痛活性有效部位的筛选

目的镰形棘豆经皮给药后,筛选其最佳抗炎镇痛有效组分。方法分离提取镰型棘豆的生物碱、总黄酮、挥发油部位,并进行组合,利用二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀法、热板法和醋酸扭体法筛选镰形棘豆不同有效部位镇痛抗炎活性的最佳组分。结果镰形棘豆总黄酮与挥发油有效部位组合物有更好的抗炎镇痛活性,其经皮给药后对小鼠耳肿胀的抑制率为90.22%;热板法实验中的镇痛率达87.85%;醋酸扭体法实验中镇痛率达73.23%,与阳性药效果相当。结论镰形棘豆总黄酮与挥发油组合物通过经皮给药方式有良好的抗炎镇痛活性。     

藏药镰形棘豆总生物碱提取纯化的研究

目的：研究藏药镰形棘豆总生物碱的提取纯化的最佳工艺。方法选择物料比、乙醇体积分数、醋酸体积分数和提取温度作为实验的考察因素,以酸性染料比色法测定吸光度为指标,采用正交实验优选镰形棘豆总生物碱的提取纯化最佳工艺。结果最优工艺条件为以5mL·L-1醋酸的体积分数40％乙醇溶液为溶剂,物料比为1∶20,60℃超声提取2次,经732型阳离子交换树脂进行吸附,再以10mL·L-1NH3·H2O的体积分数60％乙醇溶液超声提取树脂中的生物碱。结论优选的工艺稳定可行,能较好地提取镰形棘豆中的总生物碱,为今后从镰形棘豆中获得总生物碱提供了科学依据。     

不同产地不同品种棘豆中球松素及2’,4’-二氢查尔酮的分析研究

目的:建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定棘豆中的球松素及2’,4’-二氢查尔酮含量,分析不同产地、不同品种棘豆的差异,为棘豆质量评价提供方法和依据。方法:色谱柱:CAPCELL PAK C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 mL·min^-1;检测波长284 nm;柱温:30℃。结果:各色谱峰分离度较好,球松素和2’,4’-二氢查尔酮浓度分别在1.60~64.0μg·mL^-1(r=0.9993)、1.30~416μg·mL^-1(r=0.9998)范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为96.88%、99.69%。聚类分析结果表明球松素和2’,4’-二氢查尔酮在镰形棘豆和轮叶棘豆中的含量有别于其他几种棘豆;从产区来说,西藏区含量差异最大,青海地区含量差异较大、甘南和四川地区的差异相对较小。结论:该方法简单、快捷、灵敏、准确、可靠,可用于测定棘豆中球松素及2’,4’-二氢查尔酮的含量;对标准收载的镰形棘豆、轮叶棘豆与其他品种棘豆的定性定量鉴别具有较大的意义。     

The effect of alkaloid from Oxytropis ochrocephala on growth inhibition and expression of PCNA and p53 in mice bearing H22 Hepatocellular Carcinoma

To study the antitumor activity of alkaloid extracted from Oxytropis ochrocephala and its possible mechanism, we observed the effect of alkaloid on tumor weight and expression of PCNA and p53 in mice bearing H(22) hepatocellular carcinoma by means of immunohistochemistry SP method. After treatment with alkaloid from Oxytropis ochrocephala, the results showed that alkaloid administration (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) could inhibit H(22) hepatocellular carcinoma growth to various extent, and the rates of inhibition were 48.5% and 57.7% respectively (p<0.01). The antitumor activity of the alkaloid is in a dose dependent manner, with no signs of toxicity to weight, kidney and liver. The sections of tumor showed the number of tumor cell decreased and nucleus appeared putrescence such as nucleus atrophy, disintegrating and dissolving. Meanwhile, the expression of PCNA and mutant p53 protein positive cell numbers in mice bearing H(22) hepatocellular carcinoma also suppressed by alkaloid (p<0.05). It suggested that Alkaloid from Oxytropis ochrocephala showed antitumor effect and its possible mechanism might be associated with the expression inhibition of PCNA and mutant p53 protein. Further studies are needed to explore the antitumor activity of the other compounds of Oxytropis ochrocephala and to specify their possible mechanism of action.     

Alkaloid, Lignan and Flavonoid Constituents of Haplophyllum tuberculatum from Sudan.

The aerial parts of HAPLOPHYLLUM TUBERCULATUM collected in Sudan have yielded the furoquinoline alkaloid skimmianine, the lignan justicidin-A, and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-O-glucosyl flavone. Skimmianine was identified by direct comparison with authentic material; justicidin-A by analysis of spectral data and by examination of lanthanide induced shifts in the PMR spectrum; and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-O-glucosyl flavone by spectral analysis of the original isolate and of its hydrolysis product.     

Alkaloid, lignan and flavonoid constituents of Haplophyllum tuberculatum from Sudan

The aerial parts of Haplophyllum tuberculatum collected in Sudan have yielded the furoquinoline alkaloid skimmianine, the lignan justicidin-A, and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-O-glucosyl flavone. Skimmianine was identified by direct comparison with authentic material; justicidin-A by analysis of spectral data and by examination of lanthanide induced shifts in the PMR spectrum; and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-O-glucosyl flavone by spectral analysis of the original isolate and of its hydrolysis product.     

石淋通颗粒质量标准的研究

OBJECTIVE To establish quality control method for Shilintong Granule.METHODS Thin layer chromatography was used for identification of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii.The content of total flavone(by Rutin computing) in preperation was determined with UV-spectr     

用正交设计法优化地锦草中总黄酮的超声提取工艺

目的：优化地锦草中总黄酮的超声提取工艺。方法：将地锦草药材粉碎成超微粉末,采用单因素实验考察乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、提取时间和提取次数对提取效果的影响,以总黄酮含量和浸膏得率为指标,采用L9（34）正交试验设计筛选最优提取工艺条件。结果：最优提取工艺条件为加12倍量的70%乙醇,提取2次,每次1.5h,提取得到总黄酮含量为（6.53±0.04）mg/g,浸膏得率为（15.27±0.55）%（n=3）。结论：该工艺合理、稳定,可用于提取地锦草中的总黄酮。     

Identification of swainsonine as a glycoside inhibitor responsible for Sida carpinifolia poisoning

The indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine has been identified as the toxic constituent of Sida carpinifolia, a native perennial shrub-like plant, reported to produce neurological disorders in goats and ponies in southern Brazil. Swainsonine was detected in dry ground plant material after extraction and analysis by both liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The swainsonine concentration was 0.006% on a dry weight basis. The clinical and pathological features of this lysosomal storage disease were similar to those observed in Swainsona, Oxytropis, Astragalus, and Ipomoea poisonings with multiple cytoplasm vacuoles in neurons, acinar pancreatic cells, hepatocytes, and renal tubular cells.     

Antibacterial constituents against Helicobacter pylori of Brazilian medicinal plant, Pariparoba

Four known compounds have been isolated from the aerial parts of the Brazilian medicinal plant Pariparoba (Pothomorphe umbellata). They were an alkaloid, a flavone, a dihydrocalcone, and a steroid. The chemical structures were established to be N-benzoylmescaline, wogonin, uvangoletin, and beta-sitosterol glucoside using spectral methods. Among these compounds, the main component N-benzoylmescaline showed significant antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori.