亮菌甲素速溶片剂的研制及其利胆作用研究

试制出亮菌甲素速溶片剂(A),并以市售品亮菌甲素片剂(B)、亮菌甲素粉针(C)等作对照,考察了它们对大鼠体内胆汁分泌作用的影响,并测定了A和B的体外溶出速率。结果表明,A片剂比B片剂明显地增强了利胆作用,A片的体外溶出速率也较B片为快。     

布洛芬片剂生物利用度的研究

临床反映各种布洛芬片剂疗效并不一致。为了提高布洛芬片剂的相对生物利用度,我们和药厂协作,进行片剂新处方的研制,测定了国产品之一的片剂(A)、新处方片剂(B)和英国布茨公司的片剂(E)的体外溶出度,用 GC 法研究了 A、B 两片剂相对于 E     

增效联磺片的体外溶出度和体内生物利用度

建立了测定体外溶出介质中磺胺嘧啶(SD)、磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)和甲氧苄啶(TMP)及血浆中SD,SMZ,TMP和两个代谢产物N⁴-acetyl-SD和N⁴-acetyl-SMZ的反相高效液相色谱法,并对市售两种增效联磺片(片剂A和B)进行了体外溶出度和人体内生物利用度的研究。体外溶出度实验表明:两种片剂相同主药的T⁵⁰差异非常显著(P<0.001),片剂A主药的溶出比B快。生物利用度试验表明:片剂B相对于A的口服吸收分数为0.73(SD),0.78(SMZ)和0.83(TMP),口服片剂后各主药的体内过程符合表观一级吸收和一级消除的单室模型。     

冬凌草甲素纳米结晶黏附性缓释片的制备及体外评价

目的制备冬凌草甲素纳米结晶黏附片,考察其体外释放性、黏附性和结晶药物形态。方法采用高压均质法将冬凌草甲素制成纳米结晶,以羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC)和卡波姆为生物黏附材料,甘露醇为稀释剂和支架剂制备冬凌草纳米结晶生物黏附性缓释片。采用紫外分光光度法测定冬凌草甲素的含量,采用正交设计结合多元线性回归,以累计释放率为主要考察指标,考察了HPMC、卡波姆、甘露醇的用量对药物溶出的影响,确定了片剂的优化处方,并对片剂的黏附性和体外药物释放做了考察。结果最佳处方含HPMC31.0%,卡波姆21.7%,甘露醇7.44%。片剂中药物以纳米结晶形式从片剂中溶出,而且具有黏附和缓释作用。结论以最佳制备工艺条件制备纳米结晶片,制备工艺简单,重现性好。同时体外实验表明,冬凌草甲素纳米结晶生物黏附性缓释片显示了纳米结晶与生物黏附的双重优点。     

水飞蓟素原料药及其制剂体外溶出的研究

目的考察水飞蓟素及其制剂(片剂和胶囊剂)的体外溶出度。方法参照美国药典桨法,以人工胃液(SGF)、模拟空腹状态下的肠流质(FaSSIF)、模拟进食状态下的肠流质(FeSSIF)为试验介质分别进行体外溶出实验,采用LC-ESI-MS技术测定水飞蓟素中3种主要成分(水飞蓟宁、水飞蓟宾A和水飞蓟宾B)的体外溶出度。结果水飞蓟素溶解度低,溶出慢,不同制剂在不同介质中的体外溶出速率存在差异,制剂的体外溶出与原料药物的溶出及溶解度有一定的相似性。结论制剂的溶出可以指导体内试验与临床用药,原料药物的溶出及溶解度测定可以指导制剂的溶出测定。     

布洛芬片剂生物利用度的研究

本文试制出新处方布洛芬片剂,选择山东新华制药厂三种片剂:市售处方A、新处方片剂B和C,以及英国Boots公司的片剂D,进行体外溶出速率和人体生物利用度试验,并测定了生产A,B(和C),D片剂的布洛芬原料A′,B′,D′的粒度,比较了A′,D′的晶型。实验表明,国内外原料晶型相同,A′,B′,D′平均粒径分别为130.0,36.6,56.6μm。A与D生物不等效,B和C与D生物等效。提高国产片剂生物利用度的因素主要与原料粒度、处方组成和制备工艺有关。     

6种阿莫西林胶囊及片剂的溶出度比较

本文采用分光光度法测定了6个厂家阿莫西林的3种胶囊以及3种片剂（普通片、速溶片、可溶片）的体外溶出度，方差分析表明，6个厂家的产品在45min时的累积溶出量无显著性差异（P＞0．05）；胶囊剂与片剂之间的溶出速率有极显著性差异（P＜0．01）。尤其是速溶片及可溶片的初始溶出速度比普通片剂及胶囊剂快。初始释药速率依次为F＞E＞D＞A＞B＞C厂。     

复方新诺明片的生物利用度研究

本文设计了速释片剂新处方 C,并建立了测定溶出介质和血浆中磺胺甲(口恶)唑(SMZ)和甲氧苄啶(TMP)含量的反相高效液相色谱法。体外溶出度和人体内生物利用度的研究,表明 C 的主药吸收快、血浆峰浓度高,但血浓-时间曲线下面积与另二片剂 A 和 B 无显著差异。在人工胃液中,三种片剂 TMP 溶出均迅速,但 SMZ 的平均溶出时间有显著差异。     

正交试验优选磷酸二甲啡烷片的处方工艺

目的:优化磷酸二甲啡烷片的处方。方法:以磷酸二甲啡烷60 min的溶出度为考察指标,采用L9(34)正交表进行设计,对处方中淀粉用量、微晶纤维素用量、羟丙甲纤维素E5溶液浓度和交联羧甲基纤维素钠用量进行优化,检测最优处方所制片剂的脆碎度、硬度、60 min溶出度和主药含量;比较其与进口片剂在0.1 mol/L盐酸、p H 6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液、水、p H 4.0的醋酸盐缓冲液中溶出曲线的相似性。结果:磷酸二甲啡烷片(1 000片)的最优处方为磷酸二甲啡烷10 g、淀粉60 g、微晶纤维素40 g、10%羟丙甲纤维素E5水溶液、交联羧甲基纤维素钠25 g。按最优处方制备的3批磷酸二甲啡烷片的脆碎度为0.42%~0.58%、硬度为9.8~10.5kg、60 min溶出度为94.89%~96.21%、主药含量为99.21%~99.52%。在4种溶出介质中,自制片剂与进口片剂溶出曲线的相似因子(f2)均大于50。结论:成功制得磷酸二甲啡烷片,且处方合理;所制片剂与进口片剂的体外溶出行为相似。     

贝诺酯片剂的研制及生物利用度研究

通过减小药物粒径,提高贝诺酯片剂的生物利用度。在市售片以A(500mg)基础上研制了新处方片剂B(400mg)。建立贝诺酯片剂体外溶出度试验方法,即以表面活性剂溶液作溶出介质,以浆法进行溶出度测定。用HPLC法测定贝诺酯在体内的水解产物水杨酸和扑热息痛的血药浓度。结果表明药物研磨粉碎前后体外溶出速度常数分别为0.0152min-1及0.0337min^-1(P<0.001)。A及B体外平均溶出时间分别为42.25min及15.77min(P<0.001)。体内研究表明A及B水杨酸的C_max,T_p,AUC之间均无显著性差异(P>0.1)(A,B的服用量分别为4.5g及3.6g),B的相对生物利用度为125.59%。     

3厂家氯沙坦钾片体外溶出度比较

目的:比较3厂家氯沙坦钾片的溶出度。方法:参考2010年版《中国药典》相关标准考察3厂家(A、B、C)3批次氯沙坦钾片的体外溶出行为,再按威布尔方程拟合溶出参数T50、Td、m,同时对其进行方差分析。结果:3、5、7、10min时片剂的累积溶出百分率为A>C>B(P>0.05),15、20、30、45min时片剂的累积溶出百分率为B>A>C(P>0.05),45min内的累积溶出百分率3厂家片剂均在92%以上。A与C的m、T50、Td比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),B与C的Td比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),A与B、B与C的m、T50比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05),A与B的Td比较具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:3厂家氯沙坦钾片的溶出行为存在差异。     

The effect of syrepar and oxaphenamide on liver function in experimental hypokinesia

Experiments set up on albino rats evidenced that 30-day hypokinesia changes the reaction of the liver to cholagogues. In particular, the degree of the choleretic action of oxaphenamide as well as of its inhibitory affect on the synthesis of bile acids diminshes, while the influence on the bilirubin secretion -- increases. In hypokinesia syreper, inhibits biliation, but stimulates the secretion of bilirubin. Owing to a reduced secretion of cholesterol the cholesterol-stablizing properties of the bile improve.     

不同厂家生产的盐酸曲马多缓释片整片与半片的三维释放特性考察

目的:对不同厂家(A、B、C)的盐酸曲马多缓释片的整片与半片进行pH-时间-释放度考察,探讨整片与半片体外释放机制的差异.方法:转篮法,用紫外分光光度法检测,描绘其三维释放图像,将释放数据用相似因子法、Peppas方程进行分析.结果:在同一pH条件下,A、C的整片与半片释放曲线不相似,释放机制也不相同;B的整片与半片释放曲线相似,释放机制相同.结论:不同厂家盐酸曲马多缓释片整片与半片的体外释放不尽相同.     

尼群地平缓释片剂的研究

研究了尼群地平缓释片剂的处方、制备工艺和溶出速率,用GC-MS法测定了12名健康受试者口服自制缓释片(C)、市售国产片剂(A)和进口某公司片剂(B)后的体内血药浓度,体内数据按零级溶出、一级吸收口服单室模型,经计算求得药动学参数。结果表明,A、C两制剂相对于B制剂的生物利用度为31.8％及64.8％。与普通片剂相比,缓释片血浓度曲线较为平坦且下降缓慢。     

尼群地平片剂生物利用度的研究

为提高国产尼群地平片剂的生物利用度,采用球磨混合粉碎法工艺进行处方设计,试制出新处方片剂,与西德Bayer公司片剂进行了体外溶出、体内生物利用度的比较。体内血浆药浓用GC-MS法测定,体内数据按零级溶出、一级吸收口服单室模型,经计算机用Gauss-Newton-Damping法处理求得药动学参数。本文研制的尼群地平新处方片剂生物利用度已超过西德Bayer公司片剂。     

克拉霉素5种片剂体外溶出度比较

目的 :比较 5种克拉霉素片剂体外溶出度。方法 :利用HPLC测定克拉霉素片剂含量 ,按USP2 3版采用转篮法测定克拉霉素片剂在醋酸钠缓冲液中的溶出度。结果 :9min平均累积溶出百分率产品A ,C >D ,E >B。A和C ,E和D差别无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5) ,余存在极显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。 18min时 ,产品A已基本溶出完全 ,其余产品在 4 5min时仍未完全溶出。 5个厂家生产克拉霉素片剂 4 5min时在醋酸钠缓冲液中的溶出量均大于标示量的70 % ,符合中国药典 1995版的规定。结论 :A厂产品溶出度优于其他产品 ,C厂产品 30min前溶出度优于D ,E ,B。     

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a fast-disintegrating lyophilized dry emulsion tablet containing griseofulvin.

Development of a fast-disintegrating lyophilized dry emulsion (LDE) tablet that enhanced the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of griseofulvin (GF) is presented. The LDE tablets were prepared by freeze-drying o/w emulsions of GF, a drug for which bioavailability is known to be enhanced by fat co-administration. Oil-in-water emulsions were prepared using a gelatin solution (2%, w/v) as the water phase and medium chain triglycerides (Miglyol) or sesame oil as the oil phase. In addition, different emulsifiers were evaluated. The influence of formulation parameters on the disintegration and in vitro dissolution of GF from LDE tablets along with other tablet characteristics were investigated. A significant influence of the emulsifier type on the tablet disintegration time was seen (p<0.01). Results obtained from dissolution studies showed that LDE tablets of GF improved the dissolution rate of the drug compared to the plain drug. The extent of absorption of GF from a selected LDE tablet formulation as compared to an immediate release conventional tablet as reference after single oral dose (125mg) administration was determined in four healthy subjects using a randomized crossover design. In this study, the rate of absorption of GF from LDE tablet was faster than that from the reference tablet and had significantly higher (p=0.02) peak plasma concentration (more than three times higher) and shortened time to C(max) by 4h (p=0.014). The extent of absorption expressed by AUC was 85% larger as compared to the commercial tablet. Stability results, after 6 months storage of LDE tablets at 25 degrees C and 60% relative humidity, showed a slight increase in disintegration time and residual moisture content, while results from dissolution studies showed slightly slower initial drug release.     

Effect of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) on the release profiles and bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug from tablets prepared using macrogol and HPMC

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC-2208), used as an excipient for controlled release of drug, on the release profiles and bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble nifedipine (NP) from a tablet prepared using macrogol 6000 (PEG) and HPMC. The crushing tolerance of the NP tablet prepared using PEG and HPMC (NP-PEG-HPMC tablet) was markedly increased with increasing compression force used during the preparation from 20 to 200 MPa. The values reached their maximal levels (approximately 13 kg for the NP-PEG-HPMC tablet and 8 kg for the PEG tablet) at the compression force of 100 MPa. Although NP is a poorly water-soluble drug, it was rapidly dissolved from the NP-PEG tablet (without HPMC) due to the improvement of its dissolution rate in the presence of PEG. NP dissolution was complete at the latest within 1 h. On the other hand, dissolution of NP from the NP-PEG-HPMC tablet was significantly delayed with an increase in the concentration of HPMC in the tablet. The dissolution of NP from the NP-PEG-HPMC tablet containing 50% HPMC-2208 was markedly delayed as the viscosity of HPMC also increased. Interestingly, the same peak plasma NP concentration (C(max)) and the area under the plasma NP concentration-time curve (AUC(0-10)) were observed for both the NP-PEG tablet and NP-PEG-HPMC tablets, however, the time to C(max) (t(max)) for the NP-PEG-HPMC tablet was significantly higher when the NP-PEG-HPMC tablet was orally administered to rabbits. We describe here a preparation method of a new sustained-release NP-PEG-HPMC tablet using a mixture of NP-PEG granules (prepared with PEG) and HPMC.