Vasculogenic mimicry and aberrant expression of HIF-lα/E-cad are associated with worse prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

This study aims to find good markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-lα (HIF-lα)/E-cad protein in ESCC were investigated by immunostaining. The association between VM, HIF-lα/E-cad and clinicopathologic characteristics and 5-year-survival rate of patients with ESCC was analyzed. A total of 160 ESCC specimens were involved in this study and 28 specimens of normal esophageal mucosa served as controls. VM channels were identified in 78 (48.75%) of the 160 ESCC specimens and none of the normal esophageal mucosa was found to have VM. The rates of high-expression of HIF-lα and E-cad in ESCC were 43.75% and 38.75%, while the rates in control were 17.86% and 71.43%, respectively (P<0.05 for all). VM and the expression levels of HIF-lα and E-cad were significantly related to lymph node metastasis, serosa infiltration, PTNM staging and 5-year-survival rates of patients with ESCC (P<0.05 for all). VM was positively correlated with HIF-lα but negatively with E-cad, and HIF-lα was negatively correlated with E-cad (P<0.001 for all). The 5-year-survival rate of patients with ESCC was 6.41% (5/78) in VM group and 65% (52/82) in non-VM group, 7.14% (5/70) in high HIF-lα expression group and 57.78% (52/90) in low HIF-lα expression group. Oppositely, the 5-year-survival rate in high E-cad expression group was 80.65% (50/62) and that in low E-cad expression group was 7.37% (7/98) (P<0.05 for all). Cox multifactor regression analysis indicated that lymph node metastasis, PTNM stage, VM and expression levels of HIF-lα and E-cad were independent risk factors of patients with ESCC (P<0.05 for all). Combined detection of VM, HIF-lα and E-cad plays an important role in predicting the invasion, metastasis and prognosis of patients with ESCC.     

Notch1在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与毛细血管新生的关系

目的 研究Notch1在食管鳞癌中的表达与临床病理特征的关系及其与食管鳞癌新生毛细血管的关系.方法 通过免疫组化方法检测40例食管鳞癌和8例正常食管组织的Notch1和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、毛细血管密度(MVD)的表达情况并行相关性分析.结果 Notch1在食管鳞癌组织中表达明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05),在不同的分化程度中有差异(P<0.05),但在肿瘤浸润深度和淋巴结转移与否中无明显差异(P>0.05).VEGF和MVD在食管鳞癌组织中表达明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),在不同分化程度、浸润深度和淋巴结转移与否中各组间均有显著性差异(P<0.05).相关性分析显示Notch1与VEGF为负相关关系.结论 Notch1在食管鳞癌中可能为抑癌基因;在早中期食管鳞癌中可能是主要影响肿瘤细胞的分化;其的异常低表达可能是引起VEGF和MVD异常高表达的原因之一.Notch信号通路在食管鳞癌新生毛细血管中可能有关键作用.

Abstract：

Objective To observe Notch1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and investigate its relation with microvascular angiogenesis in the tumor. Methods Tissue slices of 40 cases ESCC (cancer group) and 8 cases normal esophagus tissues (normal group) were obtained to analyze the expression of Notch 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using immunohistochemistry and estimate the micro vessel density (MVD) in the tumor. Results Notch 1 expression was significantly lower in the cancer group than in the normal group (P<0.05). In the cancer group, Notch 1 expression was higher in highly differentiated than in poorly differentiated tumors (P<0.05) regardless of tumor infiltration or lymph nodes metastasis (P>0.05). VEGF expression and MVD were significantly higher in cancer group than in normal group, and showed significant differences between tumors with different differentiation degrees, infiltration and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that Notchl expression was inversely correlated to VEGF expression. Conclusion Notch1 may be an anti-oncogene in ESCC and affects cell differentiation in early stage of the malignancy. Abnormally low expression of Notchl in ESCC may be one of the upstream factors to induce high expression of VEGF and increased MVD. The Notchl pathway might play a key role in microvascular angiogenesis in ESCC.     

抑癌基因WWOX在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)组织中WWOX mRNA和蛋白的表达及其意义.方法 应用RT-PCR和免疫组化SP法检测50例ESCC组织、19例癌旁不典型增生组织及50例正常食管黏膜组织中WWOXmRNA和蛋白的表达.结果 WWOX在癌组织、癌旁不典型增生组织及正常黏膜组织中mRNA的相对表达量分别为0.81±0.08、0.84±0.05和0.90±0.05,组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=45.736,P<0.05);不同分化程度、TNM分期、浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移的ESCC组织之间WWOX mRNA相对表达量差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).ESCC组织及癌旁不典型增生组织中WWOX蛋白表达均低于正常黏膜组织,蛋白阳性表达率分别为42.0%(21/50)、64.8%(13/19)和84.0%(42/50),组间比较差异有统计学意义(x2=20.002,P<0.01);ESCC组织中WWOX蛋白表达与癌组织的分化程度、TNM分期、浸润深度及有无淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05).结论 ESCC组织中WWOX mRNA和蛋白表达均降低,其低表达可能与ESCC发生发展有关.检测WWOX mRNA及蛋白的表达可望成为食管鳞癌早期诊断和预后的分子指标之一. Abstract： Objective To explore the expression of WWOX mRNA and protein inesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tisuss. Methods The expression of WWOX was detected by RTPCR and SP immunohistochemical methods in 50 cases of ESCC tissue, 19 cases of mucosa adjacent to cancer, and 50 cases of normal esophageal mucosa. Results The relative content of WWOX mRNA depressed by turns in cancer tissue, mucosa adjacent to cancer and normal mucosa tissue which were 0.81 ± 0.08,0.84 ± 0.05,0.90 ± 0.05, respectively. And there was significant difference in group comparison (F = 45. 736, P < 0.05). The expression of WWOX mRNA was closely correlated with the tumor grade, TNM grade, infiltrative depth and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC tissue (P < 0.05). The positive rate of WWOX protein expression in cancer tissue and mucosa adjacent to cancer were lower than that of normal mucosa tissue which were 42.0% (21/50), 64.8 % (13/19), 84.0% (42/50) respectively. And there was a significant difference in group comparison(P < 0.05). The expression of WWOX protein was closely correlated with the tumor grade, TNM grade,infiltrative depth and lymphatic metastasis in ESCC tiissue (P <0.05). Conclusions The expression of WWOX mRNA and protein decreased in ESCC tissue, which suggest the WWOX gene may be related to oncogenesis of ESCC tissue. Combined detection of the expression of WWOX mRNA and protein may be used in early diagnosis and prognosis judgement of ESCC tissue.     

高迁移率蛋白B1和血管内皮生长因子在人食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨高迁移率蛋白B1(HMGB1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在人食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法 选择51例食管鳞状细胞癌标本,应用SP免疫组织化学染色法,检测HMGB1和VEGF在人食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达,并与临床病理参数的关系进行统计学分析.结果 食管鳞状细胞癌组织中HMGB1、VEGF的表达显著高于正常组织(P<0.05),且与淋巴转移相关(P<0.05),与肿瘤大小、分化程度等无相关性,食管鳞癌中HMGB1与VEGF的表达呈正相关(r=0.476,P<0.05).结论 HMGB1和VEGF的表达与食管癌患者的淋巴结转移相关,可作为判断预后的观测指标. Abstract： Objective To investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The immunohistochemical S-P method was used to detect the expressions of HMGB1 and VEGF in 51 esophagus squamous cell carcinoma tissues and 12 normal tissues, and to study the significance of expression of HMGB1 and VEGF protein.Results HMGB1 and VEGF expressions were closely correlated with lymph node metastasis(P<0.05),but not with tumor size,The expression of HMB1 was related with VEGF (r=0.476,P<0.05).Conclusions HMGB1 and VEGF are closely correlated with lymph node metastasis,the expression may become predictor to the prognosis of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma.     

食管鳞癌中有活性的激酶C受体表达与临床病理参数的关系

目的 研究有活性的激酶C受体(RACK1)在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平及其临床意义.方法 Western印迹检测食管鳞癌细胞中RACKI的表达.免疫组织化学方法检测组织芯片中113例食管鳞癌组织及其配对的癌旁正常食管黏膜中RACKl和Ki67蛋白的表达水平.将病例按年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、吸烟与否、分化程度和TNM分期进行分组,比较不同组别中RACKl表达水平的差异.结果 RACKl在食管鳞癌组织中的表达低于癌旁正常食管黏膜,差异具有统计学意义(x2=63.363,P<0.01).不吸烟组的肿瘤组织中RACKl高表达率为72.5%(29/40),高于吸烟组的46.6%(34/73)(X2=7.040,P=0.008).TNM l期和Ⅱ期患者的肿瘤组织中RACKl高表达率为63.8%(44/69),高于TNMⅢ期的43.2%(19/44)(0=4.616,P=0.032).Ki67评分越高的肿瘤组织中RACKl的表达越低(x2=8.261,P=0.016).结论 RACKl在食管鳞癌中表达发生下调.食管鳞癌中RACKI的表达与吸烟、TNM分期及Ki67评分具有相关性.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the expression level and clinical significance of receptor for activated C kinase 1(RACKl)in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).Methods Western Blotting was performed to detect the RACKl expression in ESCC cell lines.Immunohistochemistry was conducted to assay the expression of RACKl and Ki67 in tumor tissues and adjacent normal epithelium from 113 ESCC patients in tissue microarray.The relationship between the RACKI level and such clinieopathologic profiles as age,gender,location,smoking,differentiation degree and TNM(tumor,node,metastasis)stage were analyzed.Results The expression of RACKl protein was significantly downregulated in ESCC tissues as compared with the normal adjacent epithelium(X2=63.363,P<0.01).An upregulated expression of RACKl was observed in 72.5%(29/40)ESCC tissues of patients without a smoking history.And it was significantly higher than that in 46.6%(34/73)of patients with a smoking history(x2=7.040,P=0.008).In addition,the rate of up-regulated of RACKl was significantly higher in stage I andⅡgroup(63.8%,44/69)than that in stage Ⅲ group(43.2%,19/44)(x2=4.616,P=0.032).Moreover.the ESCC tissues with a higher Ki67 score showed a lower level of RACKl than that with a lower Ki67 score(x2=8.261,P=0.016).Conclusions The expression of RACKl is down-regulated in ESCC tissues and it is associated with smoking,The expression of RACKl was associated with smoking,TNM staging and Ki67 score of ESCC.     

The Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-alpha in Lung Cancer and Its Correlation with P53 and VEGF

To investigate the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and its corre-lation with P53 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), immunohistochemical technique was employed to detect the protein expressions of HIF-1α, P53 and VEGF in specimens from 57 pa-tients with lung cancer. The results indicated that the total positive proportion of HIF-1α expres-sion was 63% and the HIF-1α expression was more frequent in bronchiole-alveolar carcinoma (86%) than in other lung cancer. There was a strong association of HIF-1α with VEGF and P53 pro-tein expressions. It is concluded that HIF-1α overexpression is a common event in lung cancer,which may be related to the up-regulation of the angiogenic factor VEGF and oncogene mutant P53 protein.     

Expression and Clinical Implication of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

To study the expression and implication of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） and its relationship with clinical pathological features of NSCLC, immunohisto-chemical SP was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-C proteins in 48 NSCLC tissues and the same para-cancerous tissues. The positive rates of HIF-1α and VEGF-C were 70.8% （34/48） and 68.8% （33/48） respectively. The expression of HIF-1α protein was detected in a significantly greater proportion in NSCLC carcinoma tissues than that in para-cancerous tissues （12.5% and 16.7%, P〈0.05）. The positive rates of HIF-1α and VEGF-C were correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. No relationship was found between the two factors and age, sex, pathological subtypes and histological grades. The positive rates between HIF-1α and VEGF-C were correlated （P〈0.05）. HIF-1α and VEGF-C were over-expressed in NSCLC. They may be involved in the carcinogenesis of NSCLC, and play an important role in invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. HIF-1α and VEGF-C work synergically in the process of NSCLC.     

ROCK2蛋白在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 研究Rho相关的蛋白激酶2(ROCK2)在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平及其临床意义.方法 收集1990至2001年间在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院接受手术治疗的原发食管癌病例,免疫组织化学方法检测了组织芯片中118例食管鳞癌组织及其配对的癌旁正常食管黏膜中ROCK2的表达水平.将病例按年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、吸烟与否、分化程度、T分期、淋巴结转移及TNM分期进行分组,比较不同组别中ROCK2表达水平的差异.结果 ROCK2在118例食管鳞癌组织中的高表达率为45.76%(54/118).在年龄＜61岁组,ROCK2高表达率为55.74%(34/61),高于年龄＞6l岁组的35.09%(20/57),两者差异具有统计学意义(x2=5.062,P=0.024).高分化病例组中ROCK2高表达率为58.70%(27/46),高于中、低分化病例组的37.50%(27/22),差异具有统计学意义(x2=5.080,P=0.024).结论 ROCK2在食管鳞癌组织中的表达升高与发病年龄及肿瘤的分化程度相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the expression and relationship of Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) and clinical characteristics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed to assay the expression of ROCK2 in tumor tissues and adjacent normal epithelium from 118 ESCC patients in tissue microarray. The relationship between ROCK2 level and clinicopathologic profiles such as age, gender, location, smoking, differentiation degree, T stage, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were analyzed. Results The ROCK2 expression was up-regulated in 54 of 118 (45. 76% ) ESCC tissues. The up-regulated expression of ROCK2 was observed in 55.74% (34/61) ESCC tissues of patients under 61 years old. And it was significantly higher than that in 35.09% (20/57) of patients over 61 years old ( x2 = 5.062, P = 0. 024 ). In addition, the rate of up-regulation of ROCK2 was significantly higher in high-grade differentiation group (58. 70%, 27/46 ) than that in moderate-grade and low-grade differentiation group ( 37.50%, 27/72 ) ( x2 = 5.080, P = 0. 024 ). Conclusion The upregulated expression of ROCK2 is correlated with patient age and differentiation grade of ESCC.     

Expression of cyclooxyenase-2 protain and its relationship with HIF-1α in HCC

Objective： To investigate the clinical significance of COX-2 （Cyclooxygenase-2） expression in HCC （Primary hepatocellular carcinoma） and clarify whether COX-2 is correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） in the development of HCC. Methods： Tumor tissues were obtained from 53 patients with HCC. COX-2 and HIF-1α were determined by immunohistochemistry. All 53 patients were regularly followed up and the data were collected prospectively. Results： Immunostaining showed the expression of COX-2 （ n = 33, 62.3 % ） and HIF-1α （ n = 36, 67.9% ） in most tumor cells. The level of COX-2 was correlated with HIF-1α levels（ r = 0.4413, P 〈0.01 ）. There were significant correlation between clinicopathological features and higher tumor cytosolic COX-2 level was in the presence of multiple tumors （ P = 0.01）, venous invasion （ P = 0.03）, advanced tumor stage （ P = 0.01）, and well-different tumor grade （P =0.03）. High-tumor cytosolic COX-2 level was correlated with patient＇s worse prognosis （P = 0.0085）. Conclusion： Elevated tumor COX-2 level is correlated with elevated HIF-1α levels and invasiveness in HCC, suggesting COX-2 plays an important role in the progression of HCC, and may be an important therapeutic target in HCC.     

儿童腺样体扁桃体切除前后血清炎性介质的动态变化

目的 观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患儿行腺样体扁桃体切除手术前、后血清中炎性因子的变化,并评估手术的影响.方法 将45例行扁桃体腺样体切除术的OSAHS患儿作为治疗组,另选45例性别和年龄等与治疗组相匹配的健康儿童为对照组.用超敏ELISA法检测血清α-肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6),用胶乳增强免疫比浊法检测血清中超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP).治疗组手术治疗后6个月复查上述指标.结果 治疗组术前血清TNF-α、IL-6和hs-CRP水平均高于对照组(P<0.01);经手术治疗后1年,上述指标均低于术前水平(P<0.01);TNF-α、IL-6和hs-CRP水平与AHI呈正相关,与LSaO2呈负相关.结论 手术治疗可有效逆转OSAHS患儿血中TNF-α、IL-6和Hs-CRP的水平,可以将其作为手术治疗效果的评价指标. Abstract： Objective To observe the changes of circulating tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) before and after operation,and to assess the effect of surgical treatment on the levels of these inflammatory factors. Methods Forty-five children with OSAHS underwent adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy were selected as OSAHS group and matched for age and sex to 45 health children control group. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by high sensitivity ELISA. The hs-CRP was measured by latex-enhanced turbidometry. The serum levels of these factors in OSAHS group before operation were compared with those of the control group and OSAHS group 6 months after operation. Results Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and hs-CRP in OSAHS group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01), and the levels in OSAHS group 6 months after operation were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0.01). All the serum parameters were correlated positively with AHI, and negatively with LSaO2. Conclusions Operative treatment can effectively correct circulating serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and hs-CRP in children with OSAHS. The changes of TNF-α,IL-6 and hs-CRP levels can be a valuable measure in treatment follow-up.     

同步放化疗对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的 比较放射治疗联合紫杉醇加顺铂同步或序贯化疗治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的疗效及不良反应.方法 将67例Ⅲ期NSCLC患者随机分成两组,同步放化疗组于放疗第1天即同时开始化疗,序贯放化疗组于入组后先给予化疗4个周期,再单独给予放疗.结果 近期有效率同步放化疗组为80.6%, 序贯放化疗组为55.6%(χ2 =5.74, P =0.02).同步放化疗组血液学毒性与放射性食管炎较序贯放化疗组严重,但经治疗后患者大多能耐受.结论 放射治疗联合紫杉醇加顺铂化疗同步治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效优于序贯应用,虽然不良反应增加但可耐受. Abstract： Objective To compare the efficacy and toxicities of concurrent chemoradiation(radiotherapy combined with PTX and DDP) with sequence chemoradiation(chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Sixty-seven patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC were randomly divided into two groups. Concurrent chemoradiation group, chemotherapy started at the first day of radiotherapy, sequence group, four cycles chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy alone. Results Short time response rate(CR+PR) in concurrent group was 80.6%, 55.6% in sequence group(χ2=5.74,P=0.02). Hematology toxicities and radioactive esophagitis were much more severe than those in sequence group, however, most patients could tolerate after treatment.Conclusions Although more tolerated toxicities, concurrent chemoradiation(radiotherapy combined with PTX and DDP) is better than sequence chemoradiation(chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy) in locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者血清瘦素水平与炎性反应相关性

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者血清瘦素水平变化及其与炎性反应的关系,了解瘦素在COPD患者炎症反应过程中的作用及其意义.方法 选择COPD患者共58例,COPD急性加重期(Ⅰ组)30例,COPD缓解期(Ⅱ组)28例,正常对照组28例.测定和计算各组的多项营养指标,包括身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)、理想体重百分比(NM%)、体脂百分比(fat%).用酶联免疫吸附试验法(ELISA)测定58例COPD患者和28例正常人的血清瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平及肺功能,分析瘦素与各项参数的相关性.结果 ①COPD患者的各营养指标:BMI、NM%、fat%均显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01).②COPD I组血清瘦素、TNF-α、IL-8、hs-CRP均显著高于正常组与COPDⅡ组(P<0.01);COPDⅡ组血清瘦素低于正常组(P<0.01),TNF-α、IL-8、hs -CRP高于对照组(P<0.01);③COPD患者的瘦素含量与BMI、NM%、fat%、TNF-α、IL-8、hs -CRP水平显著正相关.结论 血清瘦素在COPD急性加重期明显高于缓解期,并与营养参数、TNF-α、IL-8、hs -CRP呈显著正相关,提示瘦素可能与COPD的疾病本身和全身炎症反应有关,可作为COPD急性加重期的炎症标志物. Abstract： Objective To investigate the expression and significance of serum leptin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Thirty COPD patients in acute exacerbations phase (group I), 28 COPD patients in stationary phase(group Ⅱ) and 28 healthy controls were studied. Body height, body mass,body mass index (BMI), percentage of normal body mass (NM%), percentage of body fat(fat%) were determined.The serum leptin、TNF-α、IL-8、hs-CRP levels were examined by ELISA. The correlation between leptin and other parameters was analysed. Results ①BMI,NM% fat% in COPD patients significantly lower than those in healthy controls (P<0.01). ②Serum leptin、TNF-α、IL-8、hs-CRP level was significantly higher in group I than that in healthy controls and in group II (P<0.01); Serum leptin level was significantly lower in group II than that in healthy controls (P<0.01); Serum TNF-α、IL-8、hs-CRP level was higher in healthy controls (P<0.01). ③The leptin level was associated positively with BMI,NM%, fat%. TNF-α、IL-8、hs-CRP level of COPD. Conclusions The leptin level of COPD in acute is higher than that in stationary, and the levels were correlated to nutritional parameters,TNF-α,IL-8,hs-CRP.The result suggests that leptin may play a role in systemic inflamination of COPD, the leptin is an inflaming mark of the actue exacerbation phase in patients with COPD.     

Smac和XIAP基因在肾细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Smac和XIAP基因在肾细胞癌组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学法检测95例肾癌标本不同分型、分级、分期及10例正常肾组织中Smac和XIAP的表达,分析其表达与肾癌分级、分期的关系及二者表达相关性.结果 Smac在各型肾细胞癌中随分期、分级的增加表达减低,XIAP在各型肾细胞癌中随分期、分级的增加表达增高,二者的表达呈负相关.结论 Smac和XIAP表达与肾细胞癌分期、分级关系密切,共同参与了肾癌的发生发展. Abstract： Objective To study the expression and significance of Smac and XIAP in renal cell carcinoma(RCC). Methods The expressions of Smac and XIAP were detected using SP immunohistochemical technique in 95 cases of RCC and 10 cases of normal renal tissue. Results The postitive expressions of Smac were statistically significant differences in different clinical statges. The postitive expressions of XIAP were higher in RCC related to the lower histological grade. Smac protein and XIAP protein expression had negative correlation. Conclusions It indicate that Smac and XIAP may play an important role in RCC. The expression of Smac and XIAP are statistically significant associated with tumor grade and clinical stage.     

囊性肾癌31例临床分析

目的 探讨囊性肾癌的诊疗方法,提高本病诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析31例囊性肾癌患者的临床资料,其中男性20例,女性11例,发病年龄29～76岁,中位年龄57.5岁,并对诊疗问题进行讨论.结果 31例患者中26例行肾癌根治术,5例行肾部分切除术.经病理确诊肾癌囊性变24例,多房囊性肾癌6例,单纯性囊肿癌变1例;透明细胞癌28例,嫌色细胞癌3例.术后随访5～104个月,平均28个月,25例无瘤存活.结论 囊性肾癌是肾癌的一种特殊类型,采用B超、CT等影像学检查,可以提高囊性肾癌的术前诊断率,手术治疗效果满意,预后佳. Abstract： Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC). Methods The data of thirty - one cases of CRCC were analyzed retrospectively, and the problems related to the diagnosis and treatment were discussed. There were 20 male and 11 female patients with an age range from 29 to 76 (median: 57.5) include in our study. Results In the 31 cases of CRCC, 26 cases were received radical nephrectomy and 5 cases were received partial nephrectomy. Histopathologic examination demonstrated 24 cases of renal cell carcinoma cystic degeneration,6 multilicular cystic renal cell carcinoma and 1 preexisting simple cyst cancerization ;28 cases were clear cell carcinoma and 3 cases were chromophobe carcinoma. The patients were followed -up for 5 - 104 months (mean 28 months) and 25 patients survived with no evidence of cancer recurren. Conclusions CRCC reprecents a distinct subtype of renal cell carcinoma. With the help of CT and B ultrasound, CRCC can be diagnosised timely and accurately. Our results indicate that CRCC can be cured by surgery and the prognosis is favorable.     

转化生长因子-β1、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-1、基质金属蛋白酶-1在绝经后盆腔器官脱垂患者阴道壁组织中表达的研究

目的 探讨绝经后女性盆腔器官脱垂(POP)患者阴道壁组织中转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-1(TIMP1)和基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP1)的表达与POP的关系.方法 选取30例绝经后盆腔器官脱垂患者(POP 组),并选择同期20例非卵巢功能性肿瘤和宫颈上皮内瘤变患者作为对照(对照组),采用免疫组化SP二步法检测患者阴道壁组织中TGF-β1、TIMP1、MMP1的表达,两组患者阴道壁组织中TGF-β1、TIMP1和MMP1含量的表达以阳性区平均积分光密度为标准.结果 TGF-β1和TIMP1在POP组的表达显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).MMP1在POP组的表达显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 绝经后POP的发生可能与组织中表达的TGF-β1、TIMP1减少和MMP1增多有关. Abstract： Objective To explore the relationship between transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) with the occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) through analysis on TGF - β1 and TIMP1 and MMP1 in paries anterior vaginase of postmenopausal female pelvic organ prolapse. Methods The biopsy specimens in paries anterior vaginase were obtained from 50 subjects undergoing hysterectomia, tension-free vagina tape(TVT), burch procedures, who were assigned in the control, pelvic organ prolapse groups. TGF-β1 and TIMP1 and MMP1 in paries anterior vaginase was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results TGF-β1 positive staining luminance and TIMP1 positive staining luminance were significantly lower in POP group than that in control group (P<0.01),MMP1 positive staining luminance was significantly higher in POP group than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusions There is close relationship between degeneration of pelvic support construction and deficiency in TGF-β1 and TIMP1 declines in paries anterior vaginase of POP patient,and there is also close relationship between degeneration of pelvic support construction and accrescence in MMP1 of POP patient.     

血管内皮生长因子-C和sonic hedgehog在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)和sonic hedgehog(SHH)在食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)组织中的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学法检测40例ESCC组织和30例癌旁正常黏膜组织中VEGF-C及SHH的表达.结果 40例ESCC组织中25例(62.5%)出现VEGF-C阳性,24例(60.0%)出现SHH阳性;癌旁正常食管黏膜组织30例中仅5例(16.7%)出现VEGF-C阳性,8例(26.7%)出现SHH阳性,其差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在VEGF-C阳性的25例ESCC组织中19例出现淋巴结转移,而在VEGF-C阴性的15例ESCC组织中仅2例出现淋巴结转移,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);SHH表达阳性的24例ESCC中18例有淋巴结转移,而SHH表达阴性的16例ESCC中7例有淋巴结转移,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 VEGF-C和SHH参与了ECSS的发生发展,且与其淋巴结转移的发生有关.对于VEGF-C及SHH表达阳性的ESCC患者,术前和术中应分别加强对淋巴结转移的评估及清扫,以提高其生存率. Abstract： Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C)and sonic hedgehog(SHH) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESSC)and explore the relationship between lymph node metastasis of ESCC and them.Methods The expression of VEGF-C and SHH was detectde using immunohistochemical method on 40 specimens from patients with ESSC and 30 cases of non-cancerous esophageal tissues. Results In the 40 specimens from patients with ESSC, 25 cases(62.5%) were VEGF-C positive,24 cases(60.0%)were SHH positive. In 30 cases of non-cancerous esophageal tissues,only 5 cases(16.7%)were VEGF-C positive,8 cases(26.7%)were SHH positive,there were both significant differences between the 2 types of tissues (P＜0.05).There were 19 cases had lymph node metastasis in the 25 cases whose VEGF-C were positive,while only 2 cases had lymph node metastasis in the 15 cases whose VEGF-C were negative (P＜0.05). There were 18 cases had lymph node metastasis in the 24 cases whose SHH were positive,while only 7 cases had lymph node metastasis in the 16 cases whose SHH were negative (P＜0.05). Conclusions VEGF-C and SHH play roles in development of ECSS,and had something to do with lymph node metastasis.For patients with ECSS whose VEGF-C and SHH positive,lymph node metastasis must be evaluated before and during operation in order to increase their survival rate.     

Bmi-1在宫颈癌组织中的表达及相关性研究

目的 检测不同宫颈病变中Bmi-1的表达,探讨其与宫颈癌各临床病理因素的关系及意义.方法 以宫颈癌、慢性宫颈炎组织为材料,采用免疫组化染色法检测Bmi-1蛋白表达水平,并用原位杂交法检测Bmi-1 mRNA表达水平.结果 免疫组化结果显示,Bmi-1蛋白在宫颈癌组织中的表达明显高于慢性宫颈炎组织(P<0.05).原位杂交结果显示,宫颈癌组织的Bmi-1 mRNA表达水平明显高于慢性宫颈炎组织(P<0.05).Bmi-1的表达与宫颈癌肿瘤分级、临床分期等密切相关(P<0.05),而与患者的年龄、病理分型等无关(P>0.05).结论 Bmi-1在宫颈癌组织的表达状态与其发生发展关系密切,可作为反映宫颈癌生物学行为的有效指标之一. Abstract： Objective To investigate the expression and its clinicopathologic significance of Bmi-1 in different cervical diseases. Methods Immunocytochemistry was used to examined Bmi-1 protein expression in cervical carcinoma and chronic cervicitis tissue. The mRNA expression of Bmi-1 was examined by in situ hybridzation. Results Immunocytochemistry demonstrated that the levels of Bmi-1 protein in cervical carcinoma samples were significantly higher than those in chronic cervicitis tissues(P<0.05).In situ hybridration results shows that the levels of Bmi-1 mRNA in cervical carcinoma samples were significantly higher than those in chronic cervicitis tissues(P<0.05).Expression of Bmi-1 was correlated with tumor grading and clinical stage(P<0.05). On the other hand, it was not correlated with age or pathological type(P>0.05). Conclusions Overexpression of Bmi-1 in cervical carcinoma enhances carcinogenesis and invasion. It's possible that Bmi-1 serves as a good prognostic factor to indicate biologic behavior of cervical carcinoma.     

凝血酶敏感蛋白-1对人肝癌细胞株HCCLM3凋亡的作用

目的 研究凝血酶敏感蛋白-1(TSP-1)对人肝癌细胞株HCCLM3凋亡的体外诱导作用及机制.方法 采用流式细胞术检测TSP-1及其受体CD36、CD47诱导HCCLM3的细胞凋亡率,应用电镜分析作用后的形态变化,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析作用后HCCLM3细胞Caspase-3 mRNA表达的变化.结果 TSP-1组凋亡率[(12.44±0.72)%]显著高于对照组[(4.31±0.29)%]和CD47阻断组[(4.99±0.12)%],P<0.01.CD36阻断组[(9.99±0.57)%]高于对照组或CD47阻断组,低于TSP-1组(P<0.01).电镜观察:对照组和C1D47阻断组细胞生长旺盛.TSP-1组和CD36阻断组细胞凋亡率增加,细胞呈现各种凋亡的表现.TSP-1组Caspase-3 mRNA的表达TSP-1组(0.652±0.024)和CD36阻断组(0.615±0.020)显著高于对照组(0.398±0.033)和CD47阻断组(0.432±0.019),P<0.01.结论 TSP-1可诱导人肝癌细胞株HCCLM3的凋亡,TSP-1与受体CD47结合后上调Caspase-3的表达可能是作用途径之一. Abstract： Objective To study the effect and mechanism of thrombospondin- 1 on the apoptosis of human hepatocarcinoma cell HCCLM3. Methods Detecting the role of TSP-1, CD36, CD47 on apoptosis rate of HCCLM3 by the flow cytometry and the change of cell ultractructure by transmission electron microscope,then detecting the influence of TSP-1, CD36, CD47 on the expression of Caspase-3 in HCCLM3. Results The apoptosis rate was respectively significantly higher in TSP-1 group [(12. 44 ±0. 72)%] than that in control group [(4. 31 ±0. 29)%] or CD47-blocked group[(4. 99 ±0. 12)%],P < 0. 01. The apoptosis rate was was respectively significantly higher in CD36 -blocked group [(9. 99 ±0. 57)%]than that in control group and CD47 -blocked group,was lower than in the TSP-1 group(P <0. 01). The morphological changes were: grow vigorously and many divided nuleus in control group and CD47- blocked group. Apoptosis cell increased in TSP- 1 group and CD36 -blocked group: less cellular module in cytoplasm, many nucleus pieces and concentrate. The expression of Caspase-3 were higher in TSP-1 group (0. 652 ± 0. 024) and CD36-blocked group (0. 615 ± 0. 020) than that in control group (0. 398 ±0. 033)and CD47-blocked group (0. 432 ± 0. 019) (P < 0. 01). Conclusions TSP-1 can induce apoptosis of HCCLM3 cell line through combined with CD47 which can increase the expression Caspase -3.