缺氧预处理对 L02肝细胞Bcl-2、Bax、Fas及FasL表达的影响

目的:研究缺氧预处理对正常肝细胞株L02缺血再灌注损伤的抗凋亡机制.方法:将体外培养的L02细胞分为3组:正常对照组(A组)、缺氧复氧损伤组(B组)、缺氧预处理组(C组).各组细胞缺氧复氧处理1、6、1 2、18、24 h后,使用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,各组细胞分别缺氧复氧、缺氧预处理后12 h检测细胞Bcl 2、Bax、Fas及FasL蛋白表达,同时对细胞结构进行电镜观察.结果:C组和B组比较,细胞凋亡率明显降低(P＜0.05),细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达明显升高(P＜0.05),Bax、Fas及FasL蛋白表达量显著降低(P＜0.05),透射电镜观察到缺氧预处理组细胞结构基本正常.结论:缺氧预处理明显减轻了缺氧复氧所导致的L02肝细胞损伤,降低了细胞凋亡率,缺氧预处理保护机制和Bcl-2、Bax、Fas及FasL蛋白表达有关.     

桥本甲状腺炎组织中细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达的意义

目的　探讨细胞凋亡相关蛋白在桥本甲状腺炎（HT）发病机制及病理变化中的作用及意义。方法　采用TUNEL法检测HT及非毒性甲状腺肿（NTG）患者各17例甲状腺标本中的细胞凋亡水平,并用免疫组织化学方法检测凋亡相关蛋白Fas,FasL,Bcl-2和Bax的表达及分布。结果　HT组细胞凋亡百分率(32.5%±12.3%)比NTG组(1.3%±0.7%)显著增高（P<0.01）,其甲状腺细胞Fas、FasL、Bcl-2和Bax染色阳性率(88%～94%),也显著高于对照组(35%～47%,P<0.01）。HT中凋亡细胞及Fas、FasL和Bax染色强阳性甲状腺细胞多分布于浸润淋巴滤泡附近,Bcl-2染色强阳性细胞则多分布于远离浸润淋巴滤泡的区域。浸润淋巴细胞中Fas,FasL,Bcl-2和Bax染色均较弱。结论　HT中有较高水平的细胞凋亡,凋亡相关蛋白Fas,FasL,Bcl-2和Bax在甲状腺细胞中呈特征性分布的高表达,而在浸润淋巴细胞中表达较少,这些改变与甲状腺滤泡萎缩、破坏及弥漫性淋巴细胞浸润有关。     

Sertoli细胞诱导异基因T淋巴细胞凋亡的研究

目的 探讨大鼠睾丸支持细胞(Sertoli细胞)在体外与同种异体来源T淋巴细胞共同培养能否诱导T淋巴细胞凋亡.方法 用SABC法检测T淋巴细胞Fas和Sertoli细胞FasL的表达率.Sertoli细胞和异基因T淋巴细胞共同培养实验分为,A组(对照组)只有T淋巴细胞培养,B组为T淋巴细胞与经过FasL单克隆抗体处理过的等量Sertoli细胞共同培养;C组T淋巴细胞与培养Sertoli细胞24 h的培养液上清共同培养;D组为T淋巴细胞与等量Sertoli细胞共同培养;用TUNEL法检测各组淋巴细胞的凋亡指数.结果 T淋巴细胞Fas的表达率为(91.67±2.08)%;Sertoli细胞FasL的表达率为(90.43±3.52.)%.C组和D组淋巴细胞的凋亡指数显著大于A组和B组(P＜0.01);D组T淋巴细胞的凋亡指数显著大于C组(P＜0.01).结论 T淋巴细胞高表达Fas,Sertoli细胞高表达FasL;在体外共同培养的条件下,Sertoli细胞能够诱导异基因T淋巴细胞的凋亡,T淋巴细胞凋亡原因可能与Sertoli细胞产生FasL有关.     

凋亡基因Bcl—2、Bax、Fas、FasL在肝细胞癌中的表达

目的了解凋亡基因Bc1-2、Bax、Fas、FasL在肝细胞癌中的表达及意义.方法免疫组化SP法,对57例肝细胞癌组织、29例肝硬变组织进行染色,统计学处理采用x2检验.结果57例肝细胞癌中的阳性率分别为40.4%、89.5%、50.9%、50.9%.29例肝硬变组织中的阳性率分别为69.0%、86.2%、86.2%、86.2%.其中Bcl-2、Fas、FasL在肝细胞癌组织中的表达明显低于肝硬变组织(P＜0.05.P＜0.01、P＜0.01),而Bax则持续较高表达,且在肝细胞癌组织中Bax的表达与Bcl-2表达差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01),Bax的阳性表达较Bcl2敏感且广泛.在肝细胞癌组织中,上述基因表达水平与组织学分级之间无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论Bax在肝细胞,损伤、增殖及癌变过程中持续存在.肝细胞癌的发生可能与Bcl-2、Fas、FasL表达减少,Bcl2与Bax的比例发生变化有关.     

VEGF165基因治疗对心肌梗死大鼠心功能和心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨直接心肌注射血管内皮生长因子165基因(VEGF165 cDNA)对急性心肌梗死大鼠心功能、心肌细胞凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白p53、Fas、Bax和Bcl-2表达的影响.方法40只雄性SD大鼠结扎左冠状动脉后随机接受VEGF165 cDNA(治疗组)或pcDNA3.1(对照组)治疗.于注射2周后测定血流动力学参数、梗死面积、微血管数量、心肌细胞凋亡指数、心肌组织p53、Fas、Bax和Bcl-2蛋白表达的变化.结果在实验中对照组5只、治疗组8只大鼠死亡,27只进入研究.注射后2周治疗组的平均动脉压、左室收缩压、左室最大收缩或舒张速率和微血管计数显著高于对照组(P<0.05～0.001),而左室舒张末压和梗死面积则显著低于对照组(分别P<0.01和0.05).治疗组心肌细胞凋亡数量明显少于对照组[(7.6±2.5)%比(14.2±3.4)%,P<0.001],VEGF165 cDNA治疗抑制p53、Fas和Bax的表达,促进Bcl-2的表达.结论直接心肌注射VEGF165 cDNA能够明显改善急性心肌梗死大鼠的血流动力学,缩小梗死面积,促进心肌内新血管的形成,减少心肌细胞凋亡,抑制p53、Fas和Bax的表达,促进Bcl-2的表达.     

谷氨酰胺对阻塞性黄疸大鼠肝细胞凋亡和相关基因Bcl-2及Bax表达的影响

目的：探讨谷氨酰胺对阻塞性黄疸大鼠肝细胞凋亡的影响。方法：健康雄性Wistar大鼠50只,随机分成空白对照组(SL,n=10)、阻塞性黄疸组(OJ,n=20)和谷氨酰胺治疗组(TG,n=20)。用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)和免疫组织化学方法检测50只大鼠肝脏组织细胞凋亡和凋亡相关基因Bcl-2及Bax蛋白的表达。结果：TG治疗2周时大鼠肝细胞Bcl-2蛋白的表达增加,强阳性表达(+++);Bax的表达下降,中阳性表达(++);凋亡指数为15.75±3.68,与SL和OJ 2周组比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论：谷氨酰胺能够降低阻塞性黄疸肝细胞凋亡,增加Bcl-2蛋白表达,降低Bax蛋白表达。     

补肾生精丸对生精细胞损伤模型大鼠生精细胞凋亡与Bcl-2、Bax、Fas、FasL表达的影响

目的 观察补肾生精丸对腺嘌呤所致生精细胞损伤模型大鼠生精细胞凋亡的影响及凋亡相关基因的调控情况.方法 SD大鼠40只随机分为4组:正常组、模型组、中药治疗组(补肾生精丸组)、中药对照组(五子衍宗丸组).以腺嘌呤灌胃诱发生精细胞损伤肾阳虚模型,用TUNEL法检测各组大鼠睾丸组织生精细胞的凋亡情况;用免疫组化的方法检测Bcl-2、Bax、Fas及FasL的表达.结果 补肾生精丸能够抑制大鼠睾丸曲细精管生精细胞的凋亡,上调抑制凋亡基因Bcl-2的表达,下调促凋亡基因Bax、Fas、FasL的表达,与模型组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 补肾生精丸对腺嘌呤致生精细胞损伤模型大鼠生精细胞的凋亡有一定的抑制作用,其作用可能与该药调控Bcl-2、Bax、Fas、FasL的表达有关.     

凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Fas在外阴白色病变的表达

目的检测外阴白色病变组织中Bcl-2、Fas蛋白的表达,探讨其在该病的发病机制中的作用及相互关系。方法采用免疫组化法检测41例妇女外阴白色病变石蜡包埋组织中的细胞凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Fas的表达情况。另取石蜡包埋的妇女正常外阴皮肤11例作为对照。结果鳞状上皮细胞增生组Bcl-2基因蛋白表达阳性率高于正常的外阴皮肤组织、硬化性苔癣组及鳞状上皮细胞增生合并硬化性苔癣组,差异有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.05),硬化性苔癣组与正常的外阴皮肤组织及鳞状上皮细胞增生合并硬化性苔癣组三者之间相比差异无显著性(P>0.05,P>0.05,P>0.05)。正常外阴皮肤组织检测Fas基因蛋白的表达,阳性率为90.9%。外阴白色病变组织Fas基因蛋白表达总的阳性率为39.0%,与正常组织比较,有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中外阴鳞状上皮细胞增生表达阳性率33.3%,LS表达阳性率46.7%,二者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在外阴白色病变组织中Bcl-2、Fas的表达无相关性(P>0.05)。结论Bcl-2基因蛋白的过度表达可能与外阴鳞状上皮细胞增生发生有关,也可能为外阴鳞状上皮细胞增生较硬化性苔癣易于癌变的原因。Fas/FasL及其介导的细胞凋亡可能与外阴白色病变的发生相关。外阴白色病变组织中Bcl-2、Fas蛋白的表达无相关性。     

氯沙坦对血管紧张素Ⅱ所致血管平滑肌细胞凋亡及凋亡调控基因的影响

目的探讨氯沙坦(LT)对血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)对血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)凋亡和凋亡调控基因的影响.方法采用流式细胞技术测定在AngⅡ不同浓度和不同作用时间下VSMC凋亡率及凋亡调控基因Fas、bcl-2表达的变化和氯沙坦对其的影响.结果①随着AngⅡ作用浓度的增加,VSMC凋亡率及Fas,bcl-2基因的表达量均增加(2.35±0.56 vs 19.71±3.03;Fas1.36±0.32 vs 14.67±1.39;bcl-22.35±0.51vs 16.65±1.42,P<0.01);②LT可促进VSMC的凋亡,促进Fas基因的表达,但可抑制bcl-2基因的表达(19.71±3.03 vs 27.65±2.11,Fas14.67±1.39 vs 20.14±1.41;bcl-216.65±1.42 vs 7.17±1.38,P<0.05);③随着AngⅡ作用时间的增加,VSMC凋亡率及Fas、bcl-2基因的表达均增加(1.43±0.21 vs 18.56±3.68,Fas1.21±0.32 vs 8.62±1.54,bcl-22.53±0.71 vs 15.41±1.63,P<0.01);④随着LT作用时间的增加,VSMC凋亡率及Fas基因的表达均增加,对bcl-2基因的表达则有抑制作用(18.56±3.68 vs 31.25±2.89,Fas8.62±1.54vs 17.46±1.47;bcl-215.41±1.63 vs 8.45±1.51,P<0.05).结论AngⅡ具有促进VSMC凋亡和凋亡调控基因表达作用;氯沙坦可调节AngⅡ对血管平滑肌细胞的作用.     

8-Br-cAMP和槲皮素单独和联合应用对Eca-109细胞凋亡和Bcl-2、Bax、XRCC1等凋亡相关蛋白的作用

目的探讨8-Br-cAMP和槲皮素联合应用对Eca-109细胞的凋亡和Bcl-2、Bax、XRCC1等凋亡相关蛋白的作用.方法将Eca-109细胞随机分为4组①8-Br-cAMP组(Br组); ②槲皮素组(Q组); ③(Br+Q)组; ④不加药物的对照(C)组.同时培养48 h,对以上4组细胞制备细胞滴片及硝酸纤维素膜(NCM)滴膜2种标本,分别进行Bcl-2、Bax、XRCC1的免疫组化和免疫斑点印迹实验,并以TUNEL法检测各组细胞凋亡率.结果细胞凋亡率,C组为4%,(Br+Q)组为70%,Br组为42%,Q组为35%,(Br+Q)组>Br组或Q组>C组,P<0.001.Br、Q及(Br+Q)组与对照组相比,Bcl-2-IR及XRCC1-IR皆低于C组,P<0.001,而Bax-IR则高于C组,P<0.001;Br组Q组或Br组(Br+Q)组,P>0.05.Bcl-2-IR与XRCC1-IR呈显著正相关,与Bax-IR和Bax-IR与XRCC1皆呈显著负相关.结论Br与Q联合用药与单独用药皆可下调Bcl-2及XRCC1表达,上调Bax表达;联合用药的细胞凋亡率显著高于单用Br或Q.提示,中西医联合用药可能更具有临床治疗意义.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…