ITS和psbA-trnH序列鉴别绿绒蒿属藏药植物

目的 应用核基因ITS和叶绿体psbA-trnH序列对绿绒蒿属Meconopsis Vig. 藏药进行鉴别。方法 采集欧贝3种基原植物罂粟科绿绒蒿属毛瓣绿绒蒿Meconopsis torquata、红花绿绒蒿Meconopsis punicea、全缘叶绿绒蒿Meconopsis integrifolia,才温2种基原植物罂粟科绿绒蒿属总状绿绒蒿Meconopsis racemosa、多刺绿绒蒿Meconopsis horridula,对植物核糖体DNA内转录间隔区、叶绿体psbA-trnH非编码区序列进行测定与分析。结果 ITS序列分析显示,总状绿绒蒿与多刺绿绒蒿序列一致,其余任意两种间具有变异位点;psbA-trnH序列分析显示,任意两种间均有变异位点;两者结合可有效对所有5种植物进行区分鉴定。结论 ITS和psbA-trnH序列相结合可用于绿绒蒿属藏药欧贝和才温的分子鉴定。     

裸花紫珠化学成分及细胞毒活性研究

综合运用HP-20大孔吸附树脂柱粗分、硅胶柱和Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱等色谱法分离纯化海南道地药材裸花紫珠Callicarpa nudiflora 中的化学成分,借助波谱数据解析化合物的结构。采用MTT法测定其粗提物和单体化合物的细胞毒活性。发现裸花紫珠醇提物50%,70%乙醇洗脱物对肿瘤细胞的增殖有较强的抑制作用。从上述活性部位分离和鉴定得到12个化合物,其中6个黄酮：木犀草苷（1）,木犀草素-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）,6-羟基木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）,木犀草素-7-O-新橙皮苷（4）,野漆树苷（5）,木犀草素-7,4'-二-O-葡萄糖苷（6）;3个苯乙醇苷：连翘酯苷（7）,类叶升麻苷（8）,alyssonoside（9）;3个环烯醚萜苷：梓醇（10）,nudifloside（11）,益母草苷（12）。化合物 3~6,10和12为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物9为首次从该种植物中分离得到。单体化合物的细胞毒活性实验显示,黄酮类化合物1~6整体均显示出对宫颈癌Hela,肺癌A549和乳腺癌MCF-7细胞不同程度的抑制作用,化合物3,5和11的细胞毒活性比较突出。综合分析表明,黄酮类化合物是裸花紫珠活性部位的主要化学成分,有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的潜在功效;苯乙醇苷类化合物含量较高,但不表现细胞毒活性;环烯醚萜苷类成分少量存在,表现出微弱的细胞毒活性。     

吊球草的化学成分及抑菌活性研究

研究吊球草Hyptis rhomboidea的化学成分,并对部分单体化合物进行抑菌活性测定。采用Toyopearl HW-40,Sephadex LH-20,MCI-Gel CHP-20,RP-18,PTLC及硅胶等色谱法对吊球草进行化学成分研究,根据理化性质和波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构,并评价部分单体化合物对8种植物病原菌的抑菌活性。从乙酸乙酯部位中共分离鉴定了11个化合物,分别为咖啡酸乙酯（1）、熊果酸（2）、齐墩果酸（3）、vanillactic acid（4）、迷迭香酸甲酯（5）、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→6）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（6）、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-（1→2）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（7）、冬青素A（8）、β-香树脂醇（9）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（紫云英苷,10）和胆甾-5-烯-3β,4β-二醇（11）。其中化合物1对核盘菌的抑制活性最强,MIC为16.2 mg·L^-1,化合物5对玉米大斑病菌和小核盘菌的抑制活性最强,MIC分别为8.1,16.2 mg·L^-1。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1 ,5具有较强的抗真菌活性。     

杜仲叶化学成分的研究

杜仲叶来源于杜仲科植物杜仲Eucommia ulmoides的干燥叶。为了深入了解杜仲叶中的活性成分,该研究采用D-101大孔树脂,MCI树脂,反相ODS,Sephadex LH-20,Rp-HPLC制备柱色谱法和重结晶等方法,从杜仲叶乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位中分离得到10个化合物,通过MS和NMR等谱学方法,鉴定结构为山柰素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（1）,槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2）,槲皮素（3）,槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖基-（1→2）-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）,山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-（1→6）-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）,（2S,3S）-（-）-花旗松素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,4-羟基肉桂酸（7）,（+）-环橄榄脂素（8）,松脂素-β-D-葡萄糖苷（9）,角鲨烯（10）,其中化合物1,5~7,10为首次从该属植物中分离得到。采用DPPH自由基清除法对分离得到的化合物进行抗氧化活性研究。结果显示,其中化合物 2 表现出显著的自由基清除能力（IC₅₀为13.7 μmol·L^-1）,活性强于Vit C（IC₅₀为59.9 μmol·L^-1）;化合物1,3,9显示中等强度自由基清除能力（IC₅₀分别为161,137,214 μmol·L^-1）,活性弱于Vit C,但强于2,6-二羟丁基对甲酚（IC₅₀为236 μmol·L^-1）;化合物4,6自由基清除能力较弱（IC₅₀分别为264,299 μmol·L^-1）;提示杜仲的药理作用,可能与其黄酮和木脂素类化学成分具有能够体内清除体内活性氧及抗氧化成分有关。     

红茴香甲醇部位化学成分研究

研究红茴香茎部甲醇部位的化学成分。运用HP-20、反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、高效制备液相等分离技术,对甲醇部位进行分离纯化,通过质谱（MS）、波谱数据分析（¹H,¹³C-NMR）进行结构鉴定。从甲醇部位分离5个化合物,分别鉴定为苯甲醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（1）,4-羟基-苯乙醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（2）,3-甲氧基-4-羟基-苯丙醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（3）,3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-苯甲酸甲酯（4）,4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-苯甲酸甲酯（5）。以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

刺萼龙葵化学成分研究

对刺萼龙葵Solanum rostratum地上部分的化学成分进行研究。采用硅胶,Sephadex LH-20,ODS柱色谱及半制备HPLC等方法进行分离和纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。从刺萼龙葵地上部分分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为薯蓣皂苷（1）,hypoglaucin H（2）,金丝桃苷（3）,异槲皮苷（4）,异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷（5）,山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,smilaxchinoside A（7）,26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3β,20α,26-三醇-25（R）-Δ^5,22-二烯-呋甾-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→2）-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基（1→4）]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）,β-谷甾醇（9）,胡萝卜苷（10）,其中化合物 7 和 8 为首次从茄属植物中分离得到,其余8个化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

荷叶离褶伞的化学成分研究

该文对荷叶离褶伞Lyophyllum decastes 栽培子实体进行了化学成分的研究。采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等多种方法分离纯化共得到13个化合物,并运用MS和NMR等方法分析鉴定化合物的结构分别为腺嘌呤核苷（1）、N-（2-羟基二十一碳酰基）-1,3,4-三羟基-2-氨基-Δ^8,9（E）-十八碳烯（2）、N-（2-羟基二十四碳酰基）-1,3,4-三羟基-2-氨基-Δ^8,9（E）-十八碳烯（3）、烟酸（4）、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（4E,8E）-2-N-（2-羟基棕榈酰）-9-甲基-4,8-sphingadienine（5）、甘露醇（6）、麦角甾醇葡萄糖苷（7）、晚香玉苷（8）、N-（2-羟基二十二碳酰基）-1,3,4-三羟基-2-氨基-Δ^8,9（E）-十八碳烯（9）、N-（2-羟基二十三碳酰基）-1,3,4-三羟基-2-氨基-Δ^8,9（E）-十八碳烯（10）、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇（11）、麦角甾醇（12）和麦角甾醇过氧化物（13）。所有化合物均为首次从荷叶离褶伞中分离得到,其中化合物2~10为首次从离褶伞属真菌中分离得到。     

荷梗中的细胞毒活性生物碱

研究植物莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn干燥茎的生物碱类成分及其细胞毒活性,为进一步开发利用荷梗提供依据。采用离子交换树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法分离纯化,并运用波谱方法对所分离的化合物进行结构鉴定。采用MTT法对所分离得到的化合物进行HL-60癌细胞毒活性实验。从荷梗总生物碱提取物中分离鉴定了15个生物碱类化合物,分别为阿西米洛宾（1）、异乌药碱（2）、N-乙酰基去甲杏黄罂粟碱（3）、厚壳桂素（4）、velucryptine（5）、pycnarrhine（6）、鹅掌楸碱（7）、荷叶碱（8）、降荷叶碱（9）、杏黄罂粟碱（10）、N-甲基阿西米洛宾（11）、乌药碱（12）、N-去甲杏黄罂粟碱（13）、N-甲基乌药碱（14）、观音莲明（15）。化合物 1~7,12~15 为首次从荷梗中分离得到。化合物 2~6 为首次从莲科植物中分离得到。在样品溶液浓度为1×10^-5 mol·L^-1的条件下,化合物 7~10,13,14 对HL-60癌细胞体外生长的抑制率分别是51.36%,59.09%,52.51%,53.93%,51.43%和64.31%,表明上述化合物对人早幼粒细胞白血病HL-60细胞具有较明显的体外细胞毒活性。     

美洲刺人参酚类化学成分研究

利用正向硅胶、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和制备液相色谱等多种分离技术进行分离纯化,依据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定结构,从美洲刺人参Oplopanax horridus的根皮醇提物乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取部位分离并鉴定了16个酚类化合物,其中7个苯丙素类成分阿魏酸（1）,3-乙酰咖啡酸（2）,咖啡酸（3）,3-甲氧基二氢肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（4）,3-羟基二氢肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）,3,5-二甲氧基肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）,3-甲氧基肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）;3个香豆素类成分,东莨菪内酯（8）,6,7-二羟基香豆素（9）,反式-3’-当归酰基-4’-乙酰基角型吡喃香豆素（10）;6个木脂素类成分,（+）-异落叶松脂素9’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（11）,3,3’-二甲氧基-4,9,9’-三羟基-4’,7-环氧-5’,8-木脂素-4,9-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷（12）,（+）-5,5’-二甲氧基落叶松脂素 4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（13）,（-）-5,5’-二甲氧基落叶松脂素 4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（14）,（-）-松脂醇 4’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（15）,（±）-5,5’-二甲氧基落叶松脂素 9’-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（16）。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,除化合物4,6,12和13外,其余化合物均为首次从该属植物中报道。     

藏药甘扎嘎日化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

为了阐明藏药甘扎嘎日药效物质基础,利用各种色谱技术对甘扎嘎日（秀丽莓）Rubus amabilis 干燥茎进行化学成分研究,从中分离得到11个化合物,并通过理化性质与波谱分别鉴定为1,8-二羟基-3,7-二甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（1）,1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（2）,1,8-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基 NFDE8 酮（3）,山柰酚-3-O-（6"-反式-对-肉桂酰基）-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（4）,槲皮素（5）,山柰酚（6）,金丝桃苷（7）,木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）,芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（9）,异牡荆素-7-O-葡萄糖苷（10）,原花青素 B₄（11）。化合物 1~6,10~11 首次从甘扎嘎日中分离得到,其中化合物 1~3 首次从悬钩子属中分离得到。     

Effect of feeding Mucuna pruriens on helminth parasite infestation in lambs

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Mucuna pruriens is a tropical legume anecdotally reputed to have anthelmintic properties. This study was conducted to examine the validity of such claims.

Aim of the study

The aim of this study was to determine if ingestion of Mucuna seeds reduces helminth parasite infestation in lambs.

Materials and methods

Thirty-six Dorper × Katahdin ram lambs were assigned to three treatments, a cottonseed meal based control diet, a diet in which Mucuna replaced cottonseed meal and the control diet with levamisole (7.5 mg/kg body weight) administration. All diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. The 12 lambs in each treatment were assigned randomly to 4 pens, each containing 3 lambs. Lambs were trickle infected three times per week by gavage with infectious Haemonchus contortus larvae (2000 larvae/lamb) for 3 weeks.

Results

Levamisole treatment decreased fecal egg counts by 87% and abomasal worm counts by 83%. Mucuna intake did not statistically affect fecal egg counts or abomasal worm counts, though numerical (P > 0.10) reductions of 7.4% and 18.1%, respectively were evident. Anemia indicators, feed intake, and lamb growth were unaffected by treatment.

Conclusions

Levamisole reduced the Haemonchus parasite burden in lambs significantly but feeding Mucuna reduced the burden by levels unlikely to eliminate the clinical effects of parasitism.     

厚朴与凹叶厚朴群体遗传学研究

目的:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴的群体遗传学进行研究,为中药厚朴的质量控制提供分子生药学方面的依据。方法:对厚朴与凹叶厚朴15个居群应用2个叶绿体基因间序列psbA-trnH和trnL-trnF进行PCR扩增并测序,计算厚朴与凹叶厚朴单倍型频率,用程序HaploNst分析遗传多样性和遗传结构,应用TCS version 1.13软件构建单倍型网状进化树。结果:厚朴与凹叶厚朴均无特有单倍型存在,但单倍型频率存在显著差异,已开始出现遗传分化的趋势,NST略大于GST。结论:厚朴与凹叶厚朴在遗传上已出现遗传分化的趋势,但尚未完全分化成彼此独立的单系。     

α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of selected Philippine plants

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Antidesma bunius Spreng. (Phyllantaceae), Averrhoa bilimbi L. (Oxalidaceae), Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. (Oxalidaceae), Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. (Rhizophoraceae), Kyllinga monocephala Rottb. (Cyperaceae), and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Rhizophoraceae) are used as remedies to control diabetes. In the present study, these plants were screened for their potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Materials and methods

The 80% aqueous ethanolic extracts were screened for their α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity using yeast alpha glucosidase enzyme.

Results

Except for A. bilimbi with IC₅₀ at 519.86±3.07, all manifested a significant enzyme inhibitory activity. R. mucronata manifested the highest activity with IC₅₀ at 0.08±1.82 μg mL⁻¹, followed by C. tagal with IC₅₀ at 0.85±1.46 μg mL⁻¹ and B. sensitivum with IC₅₀ at 2.24±1.58 μg mL⁻¹.

Conclusion

This is the first report on the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of the six Philippine plants; thus, partly defining the mechanism on why these medicinal plants possess antidiabetic properties.     

European medicinal polypores – A modern view on traditional uses

Ethnopharmacological relevance

In particular five polypore species, i.e. Laetiporus sulphureus, Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Piptoporus betulinus, and Laricifomes officinalis, have been widely used in central European folk medicines for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. dysmenorrhoea, haemorrhoids, bladder disorders, pyretic diseases, treatment of coughs, cancer, and rheumatism. Prehistoric artefacts going back to over 5000 years underline the long tradition of using polypores for various applications ranging from food or tinder material to medicinal–spiritual uses as witnessed by two polypore species found among items of Ötzi, the Iceman. The present paper reviews the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activity of the five mentioned polypores.

Materials and methods

All available information on the selected polypore taxa used in traditional folk medicine was collected through evaluation of literature in libraries and searches in online databases using SciFinder and Web of Knowledge.

Results

Mycochemical studies report the presence of many primary (e.g. polysaccharides) and secondary metabolites (e.g. triterpenes). Crude extracts and isolated compounds show a wide spectrum of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities.

Conclusions

The investigated polypores possess a longstanding ethnomycological tradition in Europe. Here, we compile biological results which highlight their therapeutic value. Moreover, this work provides a solid base for further investigations on a molecular level, both compound- and target-wise.     

真菌的中药干预研究近5年进展

近年来真菌感染率逐年上升,传统抗真菌药物易产生耐药性,而中药在防治真菌感染方面具有一定的优势。本文就近5年来中药对白念珠菌、皮肤癣菌、曲霉菌、马拉色菌、串珠镰孢菌、申克孢子丝菌、新生隐球菌及真菌生物膜的干预研究进展进行综述。     

Investigation of plant extracts in traditional medicine of the Brazilian Cerrado against protozoans and yeasts

Aim of the study

To investigate the activities of the 217 plant extracts in traditional medicine of the Brazilian Cerrado against protozoans and yeasts.

Materials and methods

Plant extracts were prepared by the method of maceration using solvents of different polarities. The growth inhibition of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (FcB1) was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the tritiated hypoxanthine incorporated. Activity against Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi was measured by the MTT colorimetric assay. The antifungal tests were carried out by using the CLSI method. The active extracts were tested also by cytotoxicity assay using NIH-3T3 cells of mammalian fibroblasts.

Results

Two hundred and seventeen extracts of plants were tested against Plasmodium falciparum. The eleven active extracts, belonging to eight plant species were evaluated against L. (L.) chagasi, Trypanosoma cruzi, yeasts and in NIH-3T3 cells. The results found in these biological models are consistent with the ethnopharmacological data of these plants. The ethyl acetate extract of Diospyros hispida root showed IC₅₀ values of 1 μg/mL against Plasmodium falciparum. This extract demonstrated no toxicity against mammalian cells, resulting in a significant selectivity index (SI) of 435.8. The dichloromethane extract of Calophyllum brasiliense root wood was active against Cryptococcus gattii LMGO 01 with MIC of 1.95 μg/mL; and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida krusei LMGO 174, both with MIC of 7.81 μg/mL. The same extract was also active against Plasmodium falciparum and L. (L.) chagasi with IC₅₀ of 6.7 and 27.6 μg/mL respectively. The ethyl acetate extract of Spiranthera odoratissima leaves was active against Cryptococcus gattii LMGO 01 with MIC of 31.25 μg/mL, and against Plasmodium falciparum with IC₅₀ of 9.2 μg/mL and Trypanosoma cruzi with IC₅₀ of 56.3 μg/mL.

Conclusion

The active extracts for protozoans and human pathogenic yeasts are considered promising to continue the search for the identification and development of leading compounds.     

Antiplasmodial activity of extracts from seven medicinal plants used in malaria treatment in Cameroon

Aim of the study

In a search for new plant-derived biologically active compounds against malaria parasites, we have carried out an ethnopharmacological study to evaluate the susceptibility of cultured Plasmodium falciparum to extracts and fractions from seven Cameroonian medicinal plants used in malaria treatment. We have also explored the inhibition of the Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease Falcipain-2.

Materials and methods

Plant materials were extracted by maceration in organic solvents, and subsequently partitioned or fractionated to afford test fractions. The susceptibility of erythrocytes and the W2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum to plant extracts was evaluated in culture. In addition, the ability of annonaceous extracts to inhibit recombinant cysteine protease Falcipain-2 was also assessed.

Results and discussion

The extracts showed no toxicity against erythrocytes. The majority of plant extracts were highly active against Plasmodium falciparumin vitro, with IC₅₀ values lower than 5 μg/ml. Annonaceous extracts (acetogenin-rich fractions and interface precipitates) exhibited the highest potency. Some of these extracts exhibited modest inhibition of Falcipain-2.

Conclusion

These results support continued investigation of components of traditional medicines as potential new antimalarial agents.     

Screening of the topical anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of Acacia cornigera Willdenow, Byrsonima crassifolia Kunth, Sweetia panamensis Yakovlev and the leaves of Sphagneticola trilobata Hitchcock

Ethnopharmacological relevance

An investigation of topical anti-inflammatory activity was undertaken on plants used in Central America traditional medicine.

Aim of study

Four herbal drugs used in the folk medicine of Central America to treat inflammatory skin affections (Acacia cornigera bark, Byrsonima crassifolia bark, Sphagneticola trilobata leaves and Sweetia panamensis bark) were evaluated for their topical anti-inflammatory activity.

Materials and methods

Petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts were obtained for herbal medicines and then extracts were tested on Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis model in mice.

Results

Almost all the extracts reduced the Croton oil-induced ear dermatitis in mice and the chloroform ones showed the highest activity, with ID₅₀ (dose giving 50% oedema inhibition) values ranging from 112 μg/cm² (Byrsonima crassifolia) to 183 μg/cm² (Sphagneticola trilobata). As reference, ID₅₀ of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin was 93 μg/cm².

Conclusions

Lipophilic extracts from these species can be regarded as potential sources of anti-inflammatory principles.     

贝母类药材湖北贝母Fritillaria hupehensis系统位置的探讨——来自ITS,rpl16,matK序列的证据

湖北贝母为传统中药,然而《Flora of China》将其基原植物湖北贝母Fritillaria hupehensis归并于天目贝母F.monantha项下。该实验采用分子系统学方法,以川百合Lilium davidii为外类群,用核基因ITS序列和叶绿体基因rpl16序列、matK序列等3个片段对湖北贝母及其近缘类群天目贝母F.monantha、安徽贝母F.anhuiensis等进行联合建树分析,对湖北贝母植物的系统位置进行了探讨,为湖北贝母药材的安全使用提供分子证据。结果显示,分子系统树上,3种贝母各自的居群聚为一支,之后天目贝母与安徽贝母聚为一支,最后与湖北贝母聚为一支。表明湖北贝母与天目贝母的亲缘关系可能要远于安徽贝母与天目贝母之间的关系,因此不适宜将湖北贝母归并于天目贝母。     

牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵的显微和化学鉴别

目的:为苦苣苔科唇柱苣苔属植物牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵的鉴定和分类提供解剖学和化学依据。方法:采用石蜡制片法和水合氯醛透化法对2种药用植物的根状茎和叶横切面和粉末特征进行研究,应用光学显微镜观察显微结构。采用HPLC-UV法进行化学鉴别。结果:牛耳朵和黄花牛耳朵显微特征无明显区别,但是化学特征有明显的差异。结论:化学诞生特征鉴别方法可以作为2种药用植物的鉴定方法。