Non–exposed endoscopic wall‐inversion surgery for pediatric gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in patients under 18 years of age are classified as pediatric GIST. Pediatric GIST are extremely rare, and there are no reports of laparoscopic‐endoscopic cooperative surgery for these lesions. We report the use of non‐exposed endoscopic wall‐inversion surgery as a laparoscopic‐endoscopic cooperative surgery‐related procedure for the treatment of a pediatric GIST. The case involved a 17‐year‐old male patient who presented with anemia and was found to have a bleeding gastric tumor. The tumor was resected transorally using the non‐exposed endoscopic wall‐inversion surgery technique. No gene mutation of c‐Kit or Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Receptor α (PDGFRα) was found, and the final pathological diagnosis was epithelial‐type GIST due to a succinate dehydrogenase abnormality. Follow‐up included a CT scan every 4 months. No recurrence has occurred to date.     

胃小弯侧黏膜下肿瘤的临床分析

目的总结胃小弯侧黏膜下肿瘤（SMTs）的诊断及治疗经验。 方法收集2002年1月至2017年12月在北京大学第一医院治疗的133例胃小弯侧SMTs患者的病历资料,排除合并其他上皮来源肿瘤、多发性SMTs以及术中偶然发现的SMTs。总结胃小弯侧SMTs的临床表现、术前确诊率、肿瘤分布、病理特征、手术方式及术后并发症情况,采用回顾性队列研究分析胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）与神经鞘瘤在上述方面的差异。 结果133例患者中男性48例,女性85例,平均年龄（56.4±12.7）岁。首诊情况或症状依次为体检发现、腹痛、上腹不适、黑便、体质量减轻、反酸、贫血、呕血、幽门梗阻。胃小弯侧SMTs总体术前确诊率75.9%（101/133）,胃镜检查＋内镜超声检查（EUS）和腹部CT的术前确诊率分别为78.7%和68.8%。手术方式分别为内镜手术10例,开腹手术60例,腹腔镜手术63例。胃部切除术式包括胃部分切除术94例,胃大部切除术21例,全胃切除术8例。术后总体并发症发生率6.8%,常见并发症有胃排空障碍、吻合口瘘、肠梗阻、术后出血、管腔狭窄。术后总结胃小弯侧SMTs病理类型分别为GIST 98例（73.7%）、神经鞘瘤21例（15.8%）、平滑肌瘤6例（4.5%）、异位胰腺6例（4.5%）、脂肪瘤1例（0.8%）、支气管源性囊肿1例（0.8%）。GIST组与神经鞘瘤组比较,GIST组中术前血红蛋白浓度<110 g/L的人数多于神经鞘瘤组,GIST组的术前确诊率高于神经鞘瘤组,差异均具有统计学意义（P分别<0.05和0.01）。两组在年龄,性别,体质量指数,手术方式,肿瘤胃壁内分布、生长方向、长径、浸润黏膜、突破浆膜和伴有淋巴结转移方面,差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。 结论胃小弯侧SMTs术前确诊率不高,GIST、神经鞘瘤是较为常见的病理类型。术前需完善EUS,根据肿瘤性质、位置、来源层面合理选择手术方式,警惕术后管腔狭窄及胃排空障碍等并发症。     

Transabdominal ultrasound for visualizing gastric submucosal tumors diagnosed by endosonography: can surveillance be simplified?

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Management options for gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs) include tumor removal or surveillance. If the latter is chosen, it requires repeated measurements of the tumor diameter. Although this can be achieved using endoscopy or endosonography (EUS), a less invasive and cheaper method would be welcome. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the proportion of gastric SMTs that can be visualized using transabdominal ultrasound of the water-filled stomach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one consecutive patients with endosonographically diagnosed gastric SMTs underwent transabdominal ultrasound examinations of the water-filled stomach performed immediately after EUS; both procedures were carried out by the same investigator. Transabdominal ultrasound was considered positive only if: firstly, the tumor was visualized unequivocally; secondly, its dimensions could be measured; and thirdly, photographic documentation could be recorded. In each case, a positive result had to be confirmed by an independent investigator, who reviewed the photographic documentation. RESULTS: The median size of SMTs on EUS was 25 mm (range 4 - 55 mm). Twelve tumors were located in the antrum, 25 in the gastric body, and 14 in the gastric fundus or cardia. Transabdominal ultrasound demonstrated the tumor in 35 of 51 patients (69 %). For tumors < or = 30 mm, the visualization rate was 61 % (22 of 36). The location of the tumor and its EUS features did not significantly affect the sensitivity of transabdominal ultrasound. CONCLUSIONS: In 69 % of patients with endosonographically diagnosed gastric SMTs, the tumor can also be visualized (and measured) using transabdominal ultrasound of the water-filled stomach. This noninvasive and inexpensive method may potentially be useful for surveillance in patients with SMTs, and further evaluation in this setting is warranted.     

超声技术在胃肠道间质瘤诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的超声表现及其诊断价值。方法对25例病理证实为胃肠道间质瘤患者的超声表现与手术病理表现进行回顾性分析。结果 25例病理诊断高度恶性13例,低度恶性5例,潜在恶性7例。术前超声表现:(1)部位:肿瘤位于胃部7例,小肠11例,大肠4例,肠系膜3例;(2)大小:9例肿瘤直径5cm,16例肿瘤直径≥5cm,肿瘤大小与病理分类具有一定的相关性,肿瘤越大恶性程度越高;(3)形态:肿块呈类圆形或椭圆形19例,呈分叶状6例。(4)回声:呈不均匀低回声18例,呈低回声中伴有不规则的液性无回声区3例(其中2例伴点片状高回声),呈均匀回声4例;(5)生长方式:肿块以膨胀性生长为主20例,小肠和大肠间质瘤的检出病例明显高于胃部,但彩色多普勒检查血流特征无特异性;(6)单发多发:单发肿瘤18例,多发肿瘤7例。术前超声检出肿瘤25例,超声与病理诊断符合19例,不符合6例。结论超声有助于胃肠道间质瘤的检出,肿瘤直径≥5cm、外生性生长、回声不均匀是胃肠道间质瘤的重要超声征象。     

胃肠道间质瘤的CT诊断与鉴别诊断

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的螺旋CT征象及其诊断、鉴别诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析28例经手术病理证实为GIST患者的螺旋CT资料,分析其CT征象与肿瘤恶性程度的相关性.结果 28例患者生物学危险度：极低度2例（7.1 %）,低度4例（14.3 %）,中度8例（28.6 %）,高度14例（50.0 %）.肿块的大小、边界、密度、侵犯和/或转移、坏死或出血与肿瘤的生物学危险性之间差异密切相关（P ＜ 0.05）,而肿瘤的形态、强化程度与危险性无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）.结论 GIST的CT表现具有一定特征,对GIST的鉴别诊断及术后随访有重要价值,并有助于判断肿瘤的生物学危险性.     

小肠中高危险度间质瘤影像学观察及临床病理对照分析

目的探讨小肠中高危险度恶性间质肿瘤（GIST）影像学特征及诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的21例中高度危险度小肠GIST的影像学资料,所有病例均行免疫组织化学检测。结果21例中,11例GIST中度危险度,10例高度危险度。肿瘤大小5．1～7．9cm,平均6．4cm。CT检查为肠腔偏侧性狭窄、腔外不规则肿块、肿块内多灶性低密度坏死区、明显的不均匀强化。结论中高危险度GIST影像学表现具有一定的特征性,一般直径大于5cm,沿长轴偏侧性狭窄伴多发性溃疡、不规则腔外肿块、肿块内多处低密度区征象、增强扫描有明显的不均匀强化,CT检查是小肠中高度危险度GIST主要影像学方法。     

Attempted endoscopic en bloc resection of mucosal and submucosal tumors using insulated-tip knives: a pilot series

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of early gastrointestinal cancers has been shown to be effective in treating mucosal malignancies, but en bloc resection (where the entire tumor is removed in one piece) is often not achieved using conventional cap EMR. Other techniques, developed in Japan, include the application of different types of knife such as the insulated-tip instrument. We report our preliminary experience of the use of this knife, in conjunction with other techniques, in attempting en bloc resection of early mucosal cancers and adenomas and in the removal of submucosal tumors (SMTs) of the upper gastrointestinal tract. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 37 patients (26 men, 11 women, age range 53 - 86) were included in the study; 23 patients had 24 mucosal lesions amenable to EMR, and 14 patients had SMTs shown on endosonography to spare the muscularis propria. Lesions were located in the esophagus (n = 13), the stomach (n = 24), and the duodenum (n = 1); 40 % of the mucosal lesions were 20 mm or larger (mean size 18mm), whereas the mean size of the submucosal lesions was 23 mm. After submucosal saline injection, circumcision and dissection of the mucosal lesions was attempted with the aim of achieving en bloc resection. For SMTs, cap mucosectomy of the overlying mucosa was done first, and the tumors were then freed using saline injection, and finally resected using snare polypectomy. RESULTS: The strict aim of the study, i. e. complete tumor removal in a single piece, was achieved in only 25 % of the mucosal lesions (some failures were due to unrecognized submucosal infiltration) and 36 % of the SMTs. When a more liberal definition of success was assumed, this rate increased to 65 % for mucosal lesions (piecemeal, no tumor found at surgery or follow-up endoscopy with biopsy) and 79 % for SMTs (piecemeal). No severe complications necessitating surgery or leading to major morbidity occurred. However, clinically significant complications were found in six patients (minor perforation managed conservatively (n = 1), severe pain without perforation (n = 1), bleeding requiring reintervention (n = 3), and aspiration (n = 1)). CONCLUSIONS: Although we are convinced that methods of achieving en bloc resection of mucosal cancers and SMTs must be pursued, the insulated-tip knife in conjunction with conventional endoscopes still has limitations. Innovative endoscope design (double-channel scopes) as well as the development of new accessories will help to overcome the current limitations and further promote endoscopic tumor resection.     

胃肠道间质瘤彩色多普勒超声诊断及临床分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）彩色多普勒超声表现及其在诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2010年7月75例经病理证实的GIST的彩色多普勒超声声像图表现,将其与手术病理结果进行对比分析。结果 GIST患者中男性高危险度肿瘤的比例较女性高（χ^2=7.210,P〈0.01）。肿瘤的大小、内部回声与其病理危险度高低有关：危险度低者、肿瘤最大径〈5cm,内部回声较均匀;危险度高者,肿瘤最大径≥5cm,内部回声不均匀。肿瘤的彩色血流分布与其危险度高低无明显相关。常规的超声检查对肿瘤检出率较高,在胃及直肠的GIST诊断准确率高于其他部位的GIST。结论彩色多普勒超声检查有助于GIST的定位及分化程度的判断,可作为首选检查方法。     

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Objective. The purpose of this series was to determine the spectrum of findings on gray scale trans‐abdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) in pathologically proven cases of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and correlate them with gross morphologic and pathologic findings. Methods. The series included 18 patients with a primary GIST tumor detected on preoperative TAUS. The ultrasonographic findings were evaluated for features such as tumor size, shape, margin, echogenicity, and presence of fluid components, and the features were compared with morphologic and pathologic findings. Results. All of the primary GISTs were hypoechoic extraluminal masses with well‐delineated margins. Eight GISTs were homogeneously solid masses, and 8 were heterogeneously solid masses that contained a large central area of lower echogenicity (n = 4) or multiple internal hypoechoic irregular spaces (n = 4) corresponding to necrosis and hemorrhage. Other tumors had a cystic appearance (n = 1) or showed a dual hyperechoichypoechoic echo structure (n = 1). Three tumors showed intratumoral gas due to fistulization into the bowel lumen, which appeared as hyperechoic foci or a linear hyperechoic area with acoustic shadowing. The heterogeneous tumors were significantly larger (P = .03) and had higher mitotic counts (P = .05). Gastrointestinal stromal tumors with high malignant potential tended to be large and showed intratumoral heterogenicity with areas of lower echogenicity. Conclusions. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors showed varied patterns on TAUS. The ultrasonographic pattern depended on the tumor size and mitotic activity. Ultrasonographic features suggesting high malignant potential were size and internal heterogenicity with the presence of intratumoral hypoechoic areas.     

39例胃黏膜下肿瘤CT诊断

目的:分析胃黏膜下肿瘤(gastric submucosal tumors,SMTs)的CT表现,以提高对该类病变的认识。方法:回顾性分析39例经术后病理证实的SMTs患者的CT资料,分析总结其特征表现。结果:39例SMTs患者中,间质瘤(gastric stromal tumor,GST)19例,影像表现为圆形、椭圆形或分叶状肿块,肿块实性部分增强后呈均匀或不均匀中度至明显强化,静脉期强化程度高于动脉期,17例GST长轴与胃壁垂直,14例表面覆盖完整黏膜,4例病变出现钙化,所有患者胃周未见肿大淋巴结;神经鞘瘤6例,表现为密度均匀的肿块,较少出血、坏死及囊变,仅2例患者病灶表面有小溃疡形成,增强后呈中度至明显强化,2例患者病灶周围出现肿大淋巴结;淋巴瘤8例,表现为范围较广的胃壁增厚而无梗阻,病灶长轴与胃壁平行,强化不明显,7例胃周出现肿大淋巴结;异位胰腺6例,表现为扁平状肿块影,增强后明显强化,强化方式与正常胰腺类似,1例见中央导管征。结论:SMTs病灶多在CT图像上有特征性表现,CT检查及多平面重组可清晰显示病灶的形状、大小、强化方式及胃腔内外情况等,对SMTs的诊断及鉴别均具有重要意义。     

Multiple gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated by laparoscopic‐endoscopic cooperative surgery: A case report

The typical treatment of choice for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is surgical resection. Here we report a case of three GIST lesions resected safely by laparoscopic‐endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS). A 78‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital for further treatment of an enlarging gastric submucosal tumor. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography revealed two gastric submucosal tumors. Endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine needle aspiration was subsequently performed. The patient underwent LECS in accordance with therapeutic guidelines for GIST. Assisted by a laparoscope and using three trocars, a full‐thickness resection was performed endoscopically for the 3‐cm lesion and its nearby submucosal tumor, which was newly detected intraoperatively. The other lesion was also resected with an autosuture device under laparoscopy. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. In LECS, endoscopic observation and resection can minimize gastric deformation and preserve gastric function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of LECS performed on multiple GIST.     

胃肠道间质瘤的影像学表现与病理分析

目的提高胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)影像学表现和病理特点的认识水平。材料与方法回顾分析16例经手术病理证实的GIST临床病理及影像学资料,胃肠道双对比造影(DC)15例,CT平扫及双期增强扫描9例,DSA检查2例。结果肿瘤位于胃10例,十二脂肠1例,空肠4例,回肠1例。良性5例,潜在恶性1例,恶性10例。良性直径多<5·0cm,边界清楚,DC主要表现黏膜皱襞受压推移改变,CT平扫密度均匀,增强均匀强化,恶性直径多>5·0cm,边缘分叶,DC黏膜皱襞有破坏,表面可见不规则溃疡,CT平扫密度不均匀,瘤体内有多发状和块状低密度区,增强不均匀强化。DSA发现2例小于3·0cm小肠间质瘤,显示血管丰富。病理,肿瘤多为梭形和上皮细胞,CD117( )100%,CD34( )87.5%。结论DC易于发现GIST腔内瘤体,CT定位准确,良恶性判断价值高,DSA显示小体积GIST能我强,GIST确诊有赖于病理组织学和免疫组化检查。     

胃肠道间质瘤12例诊疗体会

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的临床表现、病理组织形态学特点及预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析12例GIST患者临床、病理资料及预后情况。结果 12例患者中小肠间质瘤5例,胃间质瘤5例,十二指肠间质瘤1例,腹膜间质瘤1例。患者临床表现以腹痛与消化道出血较多见,临床表现为消化道出血者5例,腹痛5例,腹部肿块就诊者2例。肿块平均直径为5.5 cm。术后病理学诊断：3例良性,8例交界性,1例恶性。免疫组化检测：CD117阳性率为75.0%,CD34阳性率为58.3%。12例患者均获随访,随访时间为5～40月,均存活,2例复发。结论肿瘤大小、位置、核分裂像、免疫组化是判断GIST良、恶性的重要指标;对GIST患者必须进行包括手术治疗在内的综合治疗。     

多层螺旋CT对胃肠道间质瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨MSCT对胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的诊断价值.方法回顾性分析13例经手术病理证实的GIST的平扫及增强CT表现.结果 GIST发生于小肠8例,胃部4例,肠系膜1例.肿块向腔外生长者居多,多呈圆形或椭圆形.13例中,良性5例,其中4例直径小于5 cm,密度多均匀,边界清,强化均匀;恶性8例,其中7例直径大于5 cm,密度多不均匀,内部有单发或多发坏死,边界多不清,强化不均匀,4例出现转移.结论 GIST的CT表现没有特异性,但MSCT对其定位准确,对肿瘤良、恶性的判别及预后的估计有重要价值.     

胃肠道间质瘤的CT诊断

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的影像特点。方法收集26例经手术病理证实的胃肠道间质瘤的CT资料进行回顾性分析。结果发生于胃17例,小肠7例,结肠2例;CT平扫肿块呈软组织密度,密度均匀者8例,瘤内有低密度坏死者18例,肿块内有钙化者5例,边缘清晰者19例。增强扫描时肿瘤实质区明显强化,CT增值在20～60HU,内部坏死囊变区无强化;其中良性5例,恶性21例。免疫组化26例均显示CD34阳性。依据肿瘤的肉眼病理结构差别,将其CT表现形式概分为实体型、小灶坏死型、大灶坏死囊变型。结论胃肠道间质瘤的CT表现有一定的特征性,对预测良恶性和估计预后有较好作用。     

CT对胃肠道间质瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的多层螺旋CT影像特征及诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经手术组织病理证实30例胃肠道间质瘤患者的CT影像资料。结果肿瘤位于胃部19例,小肠8例,大网膜及肠系膜3例;良性19例,潜在恶性2例,恶性9例;肿块多呈圆形或类圆形,黏膜下型8例,浆膜下型12例,肌壁间型7例,胃肠道外型3例;黏膜下肿瘤血液供应丰富,向腔外生长,多数密度不均匀,内部可发生囊变或坏死,少数见出血、钙化及气体影;肿瘤实质部分大多中等至明显强化,静脉期进一步强化。结论双期增强扫描可准确显示胃肠道间质瘤发病部位、形态、大小,对其诊断有重要价值。     

Hybrid approach with laparoscopic wall-inversion surgery and single-incision intragastric surgery for intraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report

Laparoscopic wedge resection (LWR) for intraluminal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) leads to excessive resection of normal gastric wall. We report a case of GIST around the cardia successfully treated with full-thickness partial resection using a hybrid approach of laparoscopic surgery and single-incision intragastric surgery (SIIGS). A 69-year-old woman had a 5 cm intraluminal GIST at the posterior wall around the cardia. Submucosal injection of glycerin and indigo carmine was performed with transoral endoscopy. Circumferential seromuscular incision followed by placement of seromuscular sutures to invert the lesion into the stomach was performed under laparoscopy. By SIIGS, resection of the inverted mucosa and retrieval of the tumor were completed. A hybrid approach consisting of laparoscopic wall-inversion surgery and SIIGS was useful for intraluminal GIST and may expand the indications for laparoscopic wall-inversion surgery by removing size limitations.     

内镜隧道黏膜下肿瘤切除术治疗来源于食管固有肌层黏膜下肿瘤的价值研究

目的探讨及评价内镜隧道黏膜下肿瘤切除术(STER)治疗来源于食管固有肌层黏膜下肿瘤(SMTs)的有效性、安全性及相关并发症的处理。方法 2011年11月至2013年7月期间,南方医科大学第三附属医院内镜中心经胃镜及超声胃镜诊断来源于食管固有肌层的黏膜下肿瘤并要求内镜微创治疗的患者13例,所有患者行STER治疗,完整切除病变并行病理及免疫组化检查,术后1¹2个月随访观察治疗效果。结果 13例患者食管SMTs均应用STER完整切除,完整切除率100%;其中固有肌浅层9例,深层4例;切除病变直径1.312个月随访观察治疗效果。结果 13例患者食管SMTs均应用STER完整切除,完整切除率100%;其中固有肌浅层9例,深层4例;切除病变直径1.3³.0 cm,中位直径2.0 cm;手术时间503.0 cm,中位直径2.0 cm;手术时间50¹20 min,中位时间80 min。术后病理检查及免疫组织化染色证实平滑肌瘤11例,间质瘤2例,切缘均为阴性;术中发生单纯皮下气肿3例,均保守治疗后恢复;皮下气肿合并气胸及气腹1例,予术中胸腔闭式引流术及气腹针放气后顺利完成手术并恢复;术中出现隧道黏膜侧小破损2例,均予钛夹封闭,术后愈合良好,未发生隧道瘘;所有病例均无术后隧道内出血及感染。采用胃镜及超声内镜随访1120 min,中位时间80 min。术后病理检查及免疫组织化染色证实平滑肌瘤11例,间质瘤2例,切缘均为阴性;术中发生单纯皮下气肿3例,均保守治疗后恢复;皮下气肿合并气胸及气腹1例,予术中胸腔闭式引流术及气腹针放气后顺利完成手术并恢复;术中出现隧道黏膜侧小破损2例,均予钛夹封闭,术后愈合良好,未发生隧道瘘;所有病例均无术后隧道内出血及感染。采用胃镜及超声内镜随访1¹2个月,中位随访6个月,未见肿瘤残留及复发。结论 STER术治疗食管固有肌来源的黏膜下肿瘤是一种安全、有效的微创治疗方法,具有较好的临床应用前景,但应注意来源于固有肌深层的病变易出现严重并发症。     

Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for tumors of the esophagogastric junction

Background: For submucosal tumors (SMTs) originating from the muscularis propria (MP) layer of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is now widely used, and it shows promise in overcoming the limitations of endoscopic submucosal dissection. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the STER technique for treating SMTs of the EGJ originating from the MP layer. Material and methods: From October 2011 to February 2014, 20 patients were enrolled for STER surgery. Results: The patients were categorized into three groups according to the tumor location. The esophagocardiac group had a lower complication rate (0/7) compared with the cardiac group (3/6) and the gastrocardiac group (3/7). The mean operation time in the esophagocardiac (83?±?24?min) and cardiac (83?±?55?min) groups was significantly shorter than that of the gastrocardiac group (145?±?44?min) (P?Conclusions: The STER technique appears to be a feasible and safe minimally invasive approach for SMTs originating from the MP layer of the EGJ, with satisfying en bloc resection, a short operation time, and low rates of severe complications.     

超声内镜在胃黏膜下肿瘤诊断中的局限性*

目的评估超声内镜(EUS)对胃黏膜下肿瘤(SMTs)的诊断价值,并分析胃SMTs的EUS下特点。方法收集2008年9月-2016年12月614例于该院内镜中心经EUS检查后行内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)切除治疗的胃SMTs患者资料纳入回顾性研究。病变起源层次以ESD术中诊断为金标准,病变类型以术后病理学及免疫组化结果为金标准,统计EUS诊断的符合率,并分析EUS结果。结果 EUS对病变起源的诊断与ESD术中结果的符合率为91.25%,其中起源于黏膜肌层、黏膜下层和固有肌层的诊断符合率分别为66.67%、80.85%和94.50%;对病变类型的诊断与ESD术后病理结果的符合率为65.99%,其中胃肠间质瘤(GIST)、平滑肌瘤、异位胰腺和脂肪瘤的诊断符合率分别为91.85%、18.56%、79.76%和90.70%。结论 EUS能初步判断胃SMTs的起源层次与病变类型,可为内镜下治疗提供较为准确的依据,但对诊断平滑肌瘤、错构瘤、炎性纤维性息肉、类癌和纤维瘤等少见病变存在一定的局限性。因此,必要时应积极地切除病变,以明确诊断,防止恶变。