交流伺服系统分数阶PID改进型自抗扰控制

针对采用永磁同步电机驱动的火箭炮交流伺服系统存在摩擦、惯性力矩、变负载及不同工况下内外扰动等复杂非线性问题,考虑到自抗扰控制(ADRC)抗内外干扰能力强和分数阶PID控制动态性能好,设计了一种分数阶PID改进型自抗扰控制器(FOPID-IADRC)。为了取得良好的动态性能和减少参数计算量,采用分数阶PID控制器取代非线性状态误差反馈器;引入粒子群优化算法,对FOPID控制器的5个控制参数进行实时在线自整定。仿真和半实物台架实验结果表明：该控制策略能够有效抑制位置扰动,具有良好的动态性能和较强的抗干扰能力。     

ADRC串级控制在电加热炉温度控制中的应用研究

针对工业电加热炉温度具有非线性、大惯性、时滞,并且很难建立精确数学模型的特点,将自抗扰控制技术(ADRC)应用于EFPT实验装置中,模拟工业电加热炉温控系统,提出了串级自抗扰控制策略。在其外环采用扩张状态观测器、状态误差的非线性反馈、扰动估计补偿相结合的控制方法;在内环采用比例控制,以快速消除干扰。仿真和实验结果表明,该控制方法具有超调小、调节快的优点,系统的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力优于常规串级PID控制方法。     

自抗扰控制器的发展及其应用

本文介绍了自抗扰控制器(ADRC)的发展过程-从非线性PID到扩张状态观测器的产生,再到自抗扰控制器的形成。同时,全面阐述了自抗扰控制器(ADRC)的基本结构,参数整定原理并以具体实例验证了ADRC良好的控制性能．     

多色套准系统前馈自抗扰控制器设计

针对无轴传动凹印机对多色套准控制系统高精度和高稳定性的要求,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制(Active disturbance rejection control,ADRC)技术设计前馈控制器的方法。根据套准系统的工作机理,建立了多色套准系统的非线性耦合数学模型,并利用一阶泰勒公式对其进行了线性化。为了满足高速、高精度套准控制的要求,以建立的四色套准系统线性模型为基础,利用前馈和ADRC控制技术设计了套准系统前馈ADRC控制器,一方面采用前馈控制对各套准误差的已知干扰进行前馈补偿,另一方面采用ADRC对套准系统输入进行调节并对未知干扰进行主动估计和补偿。仿真结果表明,所设计的多色套准系统控制器有效地抑制了各种干扰对套准误差的影响,实现了高精度套准控制,具有比PID控制器更好的控制性能。     

3自由度柔性并联机构自抗扰控制研究

由于柔性并联机构传统控制策略存在轨迹跟踪精度误差较大的问题,设计了一种基于3-PRR柔性并联机构的自抗扰控制器(ADRC).首先,采用闭环矢量法得到了机构的输入输出Jacobian矩阵,为机构控制提供了输入值;然后,分别设计了PID控制器和ADRC控制器,运用李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)函数证明了ADRC控制器的稳定性;最后,分别采用PID控制和ADRC控制研究了机构在3个方向的位移追踪误差.结果表明:ADRC控制器的位移轨迹跟踪误差比PID控制器低,控制精度高,反应速度快,稳定性强,验证了柔性并联机构ADRC控制的可行性.     

自抗扰技术在卫星姿态模拟系统中的应用

建立了高精度卫星姿态模拟系统用于光通信地面仿真试验,针对卫星轨迹特点,设计了一种改进的自抗扰控制算法。介绍了自抗扰控制技术的特点和控制原理,提出改进的伺服算法,为自抗扰算法引入了选择性积分项。针对系统±10″动态误差要求,设计了多阈值非线性函数,并添加状态判断模块实时更改非线性函数参数。同时,给出了算法主要参数的整定原则。然后,基于控制器开放伺服功能,给出了自抗扰控制的实现方法和计算流程。实验结果表明:系统具有良好的连续加减速能力,跟踪斜坡信号的动态误差为±6″;经对比,在跟踪卫星姿态轨迹时,自抗扰控制的抗干扰能力优于PID控制,跟随误差达到±7″,满足高精度姿态仿真要求。     

电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿自抗扰控制系统

针对电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿系统非线性时变的特点,提出了基于自抗扰控制（ADRC）的电驱动海洋绞车主动升沉补偿控制系统。首先对电驱动海洋绞车系统进行动力学分析,然后建立电驱动海洋绞车数学模型,进而建立主动升沉补偿自抗扰控制系统的仿真模型,并进行仿真分析。在不同海况、不同下放深度、不同缆绳直径和不同重物质量等情况下对该系统进行仿真,并与PID控制器进行比较,结果表明：当海况和电驱动海洋绞车控制系统模型参数发生变化时,控制器参数保持不变的情况下,自抗扰控制器仍然能保持良好的动态性能,比PID控制器具有更快的响应速度、更强的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。     

轴向主动磁轴承的模糊自抗扰控制

为了实现轴向主动磁轴承的准确和稳定控制,根据模糊控制理论和自抗扰控制(ADRC)理论,设计了轴向主动磁轴承模糊自抗扰控制系统,采用模糊控制器整定ADRC中非线性控制参数,并且给出了其控制算法和控制系统的结构.利用软件Matlab/Simulink对所设计的控制系统进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明:所设计的轴向主动磁轴承模糊自抗扰控制系统具有响应速度快、超调量小、抗干扰能力强和鲁棒性好等特点.     

发电机组柴油机转速自抗扰控制的应用

为提升发电机组用发动机的抗干扰能力,增强其竞争优势,从发动机转速控制角度设计一种基于扩张状态观测器变结构自抗扰控制器,来满足发电机组非线性、时变的工作特性。通过试验验证其设计的自抗扰控制算法与传统PID控制算法对发动机转速的控制效果。试验结果表明:发动机转速自抗扰控制算法能够满足发电机组稳态及动态频率特性需求,相对传统控制在抗扰性能上有所提高,满足跟踪需求。     

气动恒力控制系统的自抗扰控制

针对磨削和抛光等对恒力控制装置的迫切需求,开展气动恒力控制系统研究。由于气动系统存在比例流量阀死区、气缸摩擦力以及气体可压缩等非线性问题,提出了一种二阶线性PID自抗扰控制器,并加入了死区补偿器。该控制器采用跟踪微分器对输入信号进行过渡,利用扩张状态观测器对非线性参数影响进行估计,并通过线性PID反馈控制律进行补偿,同时引入死区补偿器快速跳过死区范围。试验结果表明,相比传统PID控制和积分型线性自抗扰控制(I-LADRC),线性PID自抗扰控制具有更好的动态响应以及更强的鲁棒性,并且稳态误差小于2 N。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...