基于色彩相似度的前景有效提取算法研究

提出一种将辅助背景滤波与色彩相似度检测相结合的前景有效提取算法。该算法首先运用背景差分构建辅助背景来描述环境噪声分布,并用辅助背景对疑似前景区域进行空域滤波,以增强算法对背景变化的适应能力;然后建立色彩相似度作为前景目标评价标准,进行前景目标检测;最后对检测结果进行形态学操作,得到比较完整的前景目标。多场景实验表明,该算法检测效果良好,具有较强的鲁棒性,对阴影和光照变化具有很好地抑制作用;同时实时性好,空间复杂度低。     

基于谱聚类的高分辨率全色遥感影像分割

为了协调高分辨率全色遥感影像区域和边界的最优分割,提出了一种基于像素邻域和光谱特征的谱聚类高分辨率全色遥感影像分割方法。该算法重点着手于构建影像图模型,在其中引入像素邻域作用并充分顾及像素光谱测度差异。假定邻域像素具有连接关系,并在此基础上构建影像连接矩阵,再考虑像素光谱测度差异的影响建模像素间相似性,最终结合像素连接性和相似度构建影像权值矩阵完成图模型建立;而后在图模型的基础上,采用对权值矩阵特征分解并就分解结果进行选择的方式将影像数据变至低维特征空间,进而对获取的新数据执行FCM聚类算法达到影像分割目的。为了验证提出算法的有效性,分别对模拟影像和高分辨率全色遥感影像进行分割实验,定性、定量的评价结果表明了该算法的可行性与优越性。     

相似样本选择方法在SVM发酵建模中的应用

针对基于动态时间规整(DTW)发酵过程局部建模时相似样本选择未考虑样本权重对建模的影响,基于加权欧氏距离,提出了一种样本相似度度量方法。首先在分析亲和度的基础上将亲和度引入到加权欧式距离中,然后将其转化成相似度度量函数并应用到大肠杆菌发酵过程相似样本选择中,最后结合局部支持向量机建立发酵产物的在线预测模型。实验结果表明,与基于其他相似度度量函数的支持向量机模型相比较,该模型有着更高的预测精度、更好的泛化能力,而且预测时间也明显缩短。     

基于运动目标自适应检测的改进ViBe算法

传统视觉背景提取(ViBe)算法检测结果存在Ghost区域,且受环境变化影响,在提取前景时容易产生误检或漏检。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于运动目标自适应检测的改进ViBe算法。首先在背景模型初始化过程中,通过对均值背景建模设置调节参数方式获取真实背景,利用该背景初始化ViBe背景模型;其次在前景检测过程中,根据场景变化引入自适应半径阈值对前景进行自适应检测;最后对检测结果中存在的空洞进行数学形态学闭运算填充。实验结果表明,改进算法能够有效抑制Ghost区域,并在环境变化的情况下较完整地检测前景目标,与传统ViBe算法相比,检测的精确率提高了10%以上,误检率和漏检率分别降低了20%和7%,且改进算法满足实时性要求。     

基于运动目标自适应检测的改进ViBe算法（英文）

传统视觉背景提取(ViBe)算法检测结果存在Ghost区域,且受环境变化影响,在提取前景时容易产生误检或漏检。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于运动目标自适应检测的改进ViBe算法。首先在背景模型初始化过程中,通过对均值背景建模设置调节参数方式获取真实背景,利用该背景初始化ViBe背景模型;其次在前景检测过程中,根据场景变化引入自适应半径阈值对前景进行自适应检测;最后对检测结果中存在的空洞进行数学形态学闭运算填充。实验结果表明,改进算法能够有效抑制Ghost区域,并在环境变化的情况下较完整地检测前景目标,与传统ViBe算法相比,检测的精确率提高了10%以上,误检率和漏检率分别降低了20%和7%,且改进算法满足实时性要求。     

动态背景下基于改进视觉背景提取的前景检测

由于视觉背景提取算法（ViBe）对存在动态背景的户外视频的前景检测结果依然不够精确,故提出了一种改进的ViBe算法。文中描述了经典ViBe算法及其特点;介绍了改进的ViBe算法针对动态背景的改进措施。该算法采用多帧连续图像初始化背景模型,降低了单帧图像初始化所产生的“鬼影"对前景检测精度的影响;在匹配过程中,引入自适应的匹配阈值,克服了单个的全局阈值对动态背景适应能力差的问题;最后,在更新过程引入空间一致性判断与模糊准则来减少算法的误检,提高了算法的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地检测动态背景下的运动目标,检测准确率比经典ViBe算法提高了20%以上。     

改进的低秩稀疏分解及其在目标检测中的应用

针对传统低秩稀疏分解算法用于运动目标检测时,前景提取结果容易受噪声干扰以及检测结果不完整的问题,提出了一种新的低秩稀疏分解模型。考虑到视频前景目标呈结构化分布,以及动态背景对前景提取结果造成影响,该模型利用结构化稀疏范数对前景进行约束,且将稀疏部分所代表的运动区域进一步划分为动态背景部分与前景部分;然后采用广义交替方向乘子法对提出的模型进行求解,并分析了算法的复杂度;最后进行仿真实验将其应用到运动目标检测中。实验数据结果验证了提出的方法比其他基于低秩稀疏分解的运动目标检测方法更加稳定有效,更具有普适性,且对不同类型的噪声均具有一定的抗噪性。     

基于帧间颜色梯度的背景建模

在分析了交通场景视频特点的基础上,根据视频流中帧间像素颜色变化情况来确定背景像素值。提出以帧间像素梯度值作为背景像素的判断条件来建立背景模型的方法。在计算中将图像进行分块,通过求子区域颜色梯度变化值来确定其背景,然后根据各子区域的计算结果重建背景模型。实验结果表明:平均经过100帧图像初始化后,即可完成背景建模,初始化帧数比其它方法少,平均每帧图像的处理时间为15.566 ms。该方法背景建模的速度和初始化帧数都满足交通场景视频监控系统的要求。     

CenSurE特征和时空信息相结合的运动目标检测

提出一种结合中心环绕极值特征(CenSurE)和时空信息的运动目标检测算法,用于提高动态场景中运动目标检测的速度和目标的完整性.首先,根据CenSurE特征点提取的快速性和精确性,使用该特征和单应性变换模型快速、准确地配准运动序列帧间图像,从而补偿摄像机运动引起帧间背景的平移、旋转和缩放量.然后,在时域对背景配准帧用帧差信息生成运动前景掩模,根据前景掩模的空域信息建立动态更新的实时背景,并使用空域背景减除和一种基于概率统计的自适应阈值分割方法提取较为完整的前景运动目标.最后,通过标准视频序列进行测试以验证算法的有效性.实验结果表明,该算法能够达到15 frame/s的处理速度,且在保证检测速度的同时可得到完整的运动目标,基本满足动态场景中运动目标检测的快速性、抗噪性、光照适应性以及目标完整性等指标.     

基于多特征融合的视频火焰检测技术研究

基于彩色监控视频图像,利用火焰影像的时间运动特性,采用混合高斯背景建模方法从监控视频图像序列中提取出运动前景像素;在RGB色彩空间模型中通过火焰颜色的加权判别算法提取出具有火焰颜色的运动像素区域;最后,提出一种基于统计频率计数的火焰频闪特征识别方法,用于将视频图像中真实的火焰区域从具有火焰像素颜色的运动区域中区分出来。Matlab仿真结果表明,该算法具有很高的有效性和鲁棒性,能够应用实际的视觉火灾检测系统之中。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.