红松仁油微胶囊化粉末油脂的研究

对红松仁油乳化工艺及其微胶囊化粉末油脂进行了研究 ,结果表明以阿拉伯树胶、麦芽糊精为壁材 ,不添加乳化剂制备的红松仁油粉末油脂的微胶囊化效率、产率及其他相关性质优于添加乳化剂的 ;同时 ,均质的又好于未均质的     

红松仁油微胶囊化粉末油脂的研究

对红松仁油乳化工艺及其微胶囊化粉末油脂进行了研究，结果表明以阿拉伯树胶、麦芽糊精为壁材，不添加乳化剂制备的红松仁油粉末油脂的微胶囊化效率、产率及其他相关性质优于添加乳化剂的；同时，均质的又好于未均质的。     

喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化山葡萄籽油粉末油脂

研究了喷雾干燥法制备微胶囊化山葡萄籽油粉末油脂的工艺,评价了微胶囊产品的质量,并预测了其保质期.研究结果表明:(1)微胶囊化山葡萄籽油的最佳乳化条件为:阿拉伯胶为壁材,麦芽糊精为壁材填充物;复合乳化剂配比(单甘酯:蔗糖酯)为1:9;乳化温度为80℃;乳化剂用量0.75%;壁材用量20%;壁材比(阿拉伯胶:麦芽糊精)为1:5;油/壁材为0.5.喷雾干燥法制备山葡萄籽油微胶囊的最佳工艺参数为:进料温度50～60℃、均质压力40 MPa、进风温度180℃、出风温度80℃、喷雾压力180 kPa.在此工艺条件下微胶囊化效率可达77.36%.(2)喷雾干燥法制取的微胶囊化山葡萄籽油粉末油脂为乳白色粉末,密度0.7312 g/cm~3,含水量2.76%,溶解度94.0%.通过扫描电镜观察,微胶囊颗粒较圆整,基本接近球形,平均颗粒直径(3.6±0.75)μm.(3)贮藏稳定性试验表明,经微胶囊化的山葡萄籽油,其贮藏稳定性要明显优于未微胶囊化的山葡萄籽油以及添加了抗氧化荆VE的山葡萄籽油制品.     

紫苏油粉末制备工艺研究

以脱皮、低温压榨紫苏油为芯材,利用乳化和喷雾干燥相结合的方法制备紫苏油粉末.确定的最佳制备工艺条件为:壁材大豆分离蛋白与麦芽糖糊精的比例1:1.2,乳化温度70 ℃,固形物含量25%,芯材壁材比40:100;均质压力50 MPa,均质2次;喷雾干燥进风温度168 ℃,出风温度85℃.该条件下制备的紫苏油粉末微胶囊化效率达95%,表面油含量为1%左右.     

葡萄籽油微胶囊的制备及氧化稳定性研究

研究了葡萄籽油微胶囊的制备工艺及其氧化稳定性,以葡萄籽油为芯材,阿拉伯胶与麦芽糊精为壁材,在复合乳化剂的作用下进行乳化,以喷雾干燥法得到微胶囊产品并测定其氧化稳定性。研究表明阿拉伯胶与麦芽糊精重量比为3∶1,乳化剂浓度为10%,芯壁比为1∶2,温度为45℃,均质速度为12000r/min,乳化时间为12 min时制备得到稳定的葡萄籽油乳液,在进风温度180℃、出口温度80℃、进料速率5mL/min条件下喷雾干燥得到葡萄籽油微胶囊,葡萄籽油微胶囊化效率达到72.56%,60℃条件下贮藏葡萄籽油微胶囊的氧化速率明显降低,贮存性能和抗氧化性显著提高。     

微胶囊化榛仁油的制备工艺研究

榛仁油中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达95.2%,极易氧化变质,且与食品原料不易混合均匀。本研究采用微胶囊化技术,将液态的榛仁油制成固体粉末油脂。试验结果表明,喷雾干燥工艺参数为:均质次数为3次、均质压力为40MPa、进料温度40～50℃、进风温度180℃、出风温度90℃,在此工艺条件下微胶囊化榛仁油的效率可达到87%以上。制取的粉末榛仁油微胶囊为乳白色粉末,水分含量2.53%,密度0.71g/cm3,溶解度97.1%,平均粒度16.7μm。     

响应面优化水酶法制备大豆粉末油脂

通过水酶法工艺制备的大豆油和大豆蛋白作为制取粉末油脂的芯材和壁材,同时加入复配乳化剂(单甘酯-蔗糖酯1∶1)和壁材麦芽糊精,通过恒温高速搅拌、高压均质得到一种稳定的水包油(O/W)型乳状液,对其进行喷雾干燥,获得高含油、无渗油的大豆粉末油脂。通过响应面法设计实验确定水酶法制备大豆粉末油脂的最优工艺条件为:麦芽糊精添加量2.6%,乳化剂添加量1.2%,酪蛋白酸钠添加量15.2%,固形物含量35.3%,乳化温度64.5℃。在最优工艺条件下制备出总含油率为40.18%,包埋率为94.13%,感官性状良好,复原乳状液的乳化程度较高,乳化稳定性好的大豆粉末油脂。     

蜂胶和紫苏籽油混合微胶囊的制备工艺

以大豆分离蛋白、麦芽糊精为壁材,超临界蜂胶与超临界紫苏籽油为芯材,羧甲基纤维素钠为稳定剂,优化确定乳化液配方,采用冷冻干燥法对原料进行了微胶囊包埋。结果表明:用冷冻干燥法制备超临界蜂胶紫苏籽微胶囊粉末的最佳配方为:大豆分离蛋白:麦芽糊精=1·5:1,壁材:芯材=2·5:1,固形物浓度为15%,稳定剂添加量5g/L;混合微胶囊粉末制备的工艺参数为:乳化温度60℃,均质时间6min,均质转速4000r/min;用冷冻干燥法制备的微胶囊粉末质地疏松,粉质细腻,包埋率达到67·63%。     

微胶囊技术制备粉末荆芥精油的研究

以荆芥油为芯材,以大豆分离蛋白为壁材,利用乳化和喷雾干燥相结合的方法制备粉末荆芥油.确定的最佳制备工艺条件为:采用单甘酯加吐温-60(HLB=8.0)为乳化剂,添加量为1.5%,乳化温度80℃,明胶添加量2%,荆芥油与壁材大豆分离蛋白的比例为0.5:1,乳状液总固形物浓度为30%.喷雾干燥进风温度210℃,出风温度85℃.该条件下制备的荆芥油粉末微胶囊化效率迭88.1%,表明该法是一种适宜的粉末荆芥油制备方法.     

美拉德反应产物的制备及在混合油脂微胶囊中的应用

为解决目前油脂微胶囊在高载量条件下包埋效率低、储藏稳定性不佳、粉体流动性能差等问题,本研究以酪蛋白酸钠与低聚异麦芽糖为原料通过湿法制备美拉德反应产物,以其为壁材,通过高压均质和喷雾干燥法对以中链甘油酯为主要组分的混合油脂进行包埋,最后对混合油脂微胶囊理化指标进行分析。通过单因素实验确定了美拉德反应产物制备最佳工艺条件:酪蛋白酸钠浓度为7%(w/v),酪蛋白酸钠与低聚异麦芽糖的比例为1:3(w/w),反应时间为120 min,反应温度为80℃,pH为8.0。在乳化阶段,同时添加2%单甘油脂肪酸酯与1%蔗糖脂肪酸酯,采用40与18 MPa二次均质,制得油脂载量高达68%(w/w)混合油脂微胶囊,其表面油和包埋率分别为3.01%和95.66%,卡尔系数和豪斯比分别为7和1.08。扫描电镜观察混合油脂微胶囊内外结构光滑致密,对混合油脂有良好的保护作用。60℃下贮藏30 d后,混合油脂微胶囊过氧化值仅9.06 mmol/kg,油脂保留率达90.57%。表明美拉德反应产物能有效保护芯材成分,抗氧化性能较强,为工业生产提供一定的工业指导方案。     

以大豆分离蛋白为壁材喷雾干燥法制备芥末油微胶囊

以大豆分离蛋白为壁材,采用喷雾干燥法制备了芥末油微胶囊.其最佳工艺条件为:固形物含量10％、芯壁比1∶2、乳化剂的添加量为0.1％、均质时间4 min(10000 r/min)、喷雾干燥进风口温度195℃.在最佳工艺条件下得到的微胶囊产品的包埋率为89.94％.     

烘焙工艺及杏仁种皮对杏仁油品质的影响

为探究不同烘焙工艺及杏仁中杏仁种皮的存在对杏仁油理化品质的影响,将带种皮杏仁和去种皮杏仁在130、160、190 ℃烘箱里,分别烘烤5、10、15、20 min,压榨得杏仁油,测定两种杏仁油的酸值、过氧化值、碘值、皂化值、色泽和脂肪酸含量。结果表明:低温130 ℃(5~10 min)、160 ℃(5、10 min)条件下烘焙制备的杏仁油酸值和过氧化值降低,其他理化指标变化不明显,油脂品质提高。随着烘焙温度继续升高,S-AKO(带种皮杏仁油)和N-AKO(去种皮杏仁油)酸值分别上升16.05%和26.76%,N-AKO过氧化值上升18.46%,S-AKO和N-AKO的碘值降低6.56%和10.74%,不饱和脂肪酸含量降低0.93%和0.76%,油脂色泽加深,高温长时间烘焙制备的油脂品质下降。两种杏仁油理化指标对比,S-AKO的品质更佳,杏仁种皮的存在对杏仁油产生有益的影响。此研究结果为加热预处理油料种子制备油脂,保证油脂品质提供理论依据和技术支持。     

棕榈油在灯影牛肉丝中的应用研究

以熔点为24 ℃的棕榈油作为油炸用油,熔点为8 ℃的棕榈油和菜籽油调配后制作的红油来制作灯影牛肉丝。通过冷冻试验,确定用于灯影牛肉丝制作的红油中8 ℃棕榈油的最大添加量为30%。通过正交试验确定了灯影牛肉丝制作的最佳条件为腌制时间80 min,蒸肉时间1.0 h,在油温150 ℃条件下油炸90 s。在此最佳条件下,制作的灯影牛肉丝油润红亮、色泽均匀、风味纯正,感官评分为34.4分。结果表明,24 ℃棕榈油可用于灯影牛肉丝制作工艺中的油炸用油,质量分数为30% 的8 ℃棕榈油与菜籽油调配制备的红油可应用于灯影牛肉丝的制作。     

棕榈油大豆油为原料调和油冷冻性能研究

对碘值60棕榈油与大豆油调和而成调和油在0℃、10℃、20℃三种温度条件下进行冷冻性能研究。在0℃情况下,即使棕榈油含量仅10%,也会很快混浊和结冻;在10℃情况下,含20%棕榈油的棕榈油大豆油调和油可保持15天以上澄清透明;在20℃情况下,含40%棕榈油的棕榈油大豆油调和油可保持25天以上而澄清透明。     

Carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers fed periwinkle flesh (Pachymelania aurita), palm kernel cake and oil‐based rations

The effect of supplementation of palm kernel oil in periwinkle flesh and palm kernel cake‐based diets on carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers was evaluated. Birds were assigned to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The first diet, which was the control, contained 20 mg kg^?1 fishmeal but it did not contain palm kernel cake and periwinkle flesh. The second diet contained 20 mg kg^?1 fishmeal, 250 mg kg^?1 palm kernel cake but no periwinkle flesh. The third diet contained 60 mg kg^?1 periwinkle flesh, 250 mg kg^?1 palm kernel cake and no fishmeal. Present in the fourth diet were 250 mg kg^?1 palm kernel cake, 30 mg kg^?1 periwinkle flesh, no fishmeal and 20 mg kg^?1 palm kernel oil. Similarly, the fifth diet contained 250 mg kg^?1 palm kernel cake, 30 mg kg^?1 periwinkle flesh, no fishmeal and 40 mg kg^?1 palm kernel oil. Carcass measures and cuts were significantly influenced (P < 0.05) by dietary treatments. Diets 2, 3 and 5 gave significantly higher plucked dressed weights, total edible meat and total bone weights, respectively. Also carcass cuts were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in birds on periwinkle and palm kernel oil diets, with abdominal fat being highest in diet 5 having 40 mg kg^?1 palm kernel oil. However, proximate composition, physical and sensory properties were not significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by dietary treatment. Results showed that carcass characteristics improved as compared to the control group. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

利用棕榈油制备速冻食品专用油脂

以棕榈硬脂和棕榈液油为原料,开发适用于速冻食品的专用油脂生产技术及配方。将棕榈硬脂与棕榈液油按质量比1∶1复配,用于制备速冻食品专用油脂。通过正交实验分析,确定了专用油脂制备的最佳条件为:复合乳化剂(丙二醇酯与单甘酯质量比为1∶1)添加量为油质量的1%,乳化温度60℃,乳化时间10 min,油水质量比5∶1。在最佳条件下,制得的专用油脂的乳化稳定性为92.2%。     

棕榈油基基料油相容性及结晶形态的研究

利用ΔSFC和等固曲线研究了棕榈油硬脂分提物(POs)、棕榈油中熔点分提产物(PMF)及棕榈仁油(PKO)三元混合体系的相容性,并采用偏光显微观察对混合体系的晶体形态进行研究。结果表明:在考察的整个温度区间内所有配方中均出现共晶现象,多数配方在15～25℃区间共晶现象最为严重,但d配方(POs-PMF-PKO,质量比为0.45∶0.45∶0.1)的相容性最好,结合偏光显微观察发现甘油三酯的组成对混合体系的晶形影响显著。     

超临界CO-2萃取茶叶籽油

采用微波加热茶叶籽仁粉,用超临界CO2萃取茶叶籽油,探讨了超临界CO2萃取茶叶籽油适宜工艺参数。实验结果表明:在萃取温度60℃、萃取压力30 MPa,萃取时间100 min,CO2流量45～55 kg/h条件下,油脂提取率为94.1%,并测定了茶叶籽油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成。     

氢氧化钠与甘油催化棕榈基油脂酯交换反应

利用氢氧化钠与甘油催化棕榈液油和棕榈硬脂进行酯交换反应,考察反应温度、氢氧化钠浓度、反应时间、氢氧化钠与甘油比例、搅拌速度对反应产物固体脂肪含量、甘油三酯碳数、酸值、皂化值、熔点的影响。结果表明:在反应温度110℃、反应时间30 min,氢氧化钠浓度0.5%、氢氧化钠与甘油的比例1︰1、搅拌速度150 r/min的条件下,氢氧化钠与甘油混合物的催化效果接近于甲醇钠。     

A study on monitoring of frying performance and oxidative stability of cottonseed and palm oil blends in comparison with original oils

Blending polyunsaturated oils with highly saturated or monounsaturated oils has been studied extensively; however, in literature there is negligible information available on the blending of refined cottonseed oil with palm olein oil. Blending could enhance the stability and quality of cottonseed oil during the frying process. In the present study, the effects of frying conditions on physicochemical properties of the palm olein-cottonseed oil blends (1:0, 3:2, 1:1, 2:3, and 0:1, w/w) were determined and compared to the pure oils. The frying process of frozen French fries was performed in duplicate at 170 ± 5°C for 10 h without interruption. The oil degradations were characterized during deep-frying applications; peroxide, free fatty acid, and iodine value by standardized methods, fatty acid profile by using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, polar and polymeric compounds by using the high-performance size exclusion chromatography/evaporative light scattering detector technique. The present study clearly indicated that the oxidative and frying performances of pure palm olein oil and cottonseed oil significantly improved by blending application. Results clearly indicated that the frying performance of cottonseed oil significantly improved by the blending with palm olein oil. Except that free fatty acid content, all the physicochemical variables were significantly influenced by type of pure and blend oils. By increasing the proportion of palm olein oil in cottonseed oil, the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased, while saturated fatty acid content increased. The progression of oxidation was basically followed by detecting polar and polymeric compounds. The fastest increments for polar and polymeric compounds were found as 6.30% level in pure cottonseed oil and as 7.07% level in 40% cottonseed oil:60% palm olein oil blend. The least increments were detected as 5.40% level in 40% cottonseed oil:60% palm olein oil blend and 2.27% level in 50% cottonseed oil:50% palm olein oil blend. These levels were considerably below the acceptable levels recommended by the official codex. Therefore, the present study suggested that blending of cottonseed oil with palm olein oil provided the oil blends (50% cottonseed oil:50% palm olein oil and 40% cottonseed oil:60% palm olein oil, w/w) with more desirable properties for human nutrition.