新型梳针刺辊对涤纶纱质量的影响

研究新型梳针刺辊对涤纶生条和纱线质量的影响.用Y111型罗拉式纤维长度分析仪和棉条目检法检测了梳针刺锯和锯齿刺辊在不同速度条件下所加工生条中的短绒和棉结,用YG(B)021DX台式电子单纱强力仪和Premier条干仪对梳针和锯齿刺辊所加工的纱线进行强力和条干检测.结果发现,梳针刺辊加工的生条其棉结和短绒要比锯齿刺辊少,...     

喷气涡流纺羊绒/涤纶混纺纱纤维径向分布

为研究纤维规格对喷气涡流纺纱线中纤维径向分布的影响规律,将两种不同规格的羊绒纤维和同一棉型涤纶纤维分别以相同比例混纺,经喷气涡流纺纱机MVS861制备了两种羊绒/涤纶纤维混纺纱线。运用哈氏切片器切取两种混纺纱线的横截面样本,借助扫描电子显微镜观察并采集纱线样品横截面的纤维分布图,结合汉密尔顿指数分析法和Onion指数法分析,得到喷气涡流纺混纺纱中羊绒纤维和涤纶纤维在纱线横截面内的内外转移趋势和分布规律。结果表明,利用喷气涡流纺纱技术制得的羊绒/涤纶混纺纱线中,羊绒纤维因其初始模量更小、长度更长有向外转移趋势,初始模量更大、长度更短的涤纶纤维则有向内转移趋势;但混纺纱的最外层纤维由纤维含量和纤维规格共同决定。该结论可帮助纺制喷气涡流纺羊绒混纺纱时根据需要来选择纤维原料的规格。     

原色与脱色牦牛绒精梳纯纺纱工艺研究

针对牦牛绒纤维主体长度短、长度离散度大、含有大量粗死毛等导致无法使用现有毛精纺设备实现精梳制条的问题,通过采用便捷喂毛、高效预梳、低损伤分梳、落物充分回收装置组成高效分梳机构,将卷曲、块状绒团拉伸为基本伸直的单纤维状。在细纱工序,分别采用环锭纺、网格圈紧密纺、全聚纺纺制原色和脱色牦牛绒单纱和赛络纱,并对成纱质量进行测试分析。结果表明:16.7 tex牦牛绒纯纺纱采用环锭纺时由于断头多而导致无法正常纺纱;与网格圈紧密纺相比,全聚纺所纺原色牦牛绒纱的强伸性和条干有所改善,但毛羽质量略差;与原色牦牛绒相比,脱色牦牛绒纯纺纱的综合性能有所下降,尤其是成纱强力有所降低;与网格圈型紧密纺相比,全聚纺由于实现了对牵伸后的纤维须条的平行集聚,更有利于对脱色后强力较低的牦牛绒纤维实现更加柔性、平稳的集聚加工。     

提高针织用纱质量的实践

针织用纱质量的要求高于机织用纱,对纺纱工艺提出了更高的要求.提高针织用纱质是控制配棉环节和纺纱环节.配棉应控制好原棉的成熟度、短绒率和有害疵点;纺纱过程中应优化纺纱工艺,控制成纱棉结和提高条干均匀度.     

精梳机顶梳齿密对长绒棉精梳质量及成纱质量的影响

文章建立了顶梳梳理度数学模型,分析了单根纤维受到顶梳梳针的作用齿数与顶梳齿密的关系;保持精梳机其他工艺参数不变,分别改变顶梳针齿密度,探讨了顶梳齿密对长绒棉精梳质量及成纱质量的影响。结果表明:适当增加顶梳齿密有利于排除小卷中的短绒及棉结,改善成纱条干,提高成纱强力。顶梳齿密过高会造成纤维损伤,引起精梳条中短绒、棉结含量增多,成纱质量恶化。顶梳齿密需结合原棉品级与纺纱品种合理选配,加工9.7 tex长绒棉精梳纱时,设定顶梳齿密为32齿/cm,可以较好地兼顾精梳质量及纱线品质。     

A study on siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns. Part I: structural and migratory properties of the yarns

Properties of spun yarns are mainly affected by fiber properties and yarn structure. Yarn structure is principally influenced by the spinning system. In fact, each spinning system tends to produce a distinctive yarn structure. Recent refinements in spinning technologies have yielded significant improvement in yarn structure. Siro, solo and compact spinning are the new spinning systems to have made a breakthrough until recently. Of the various structural parameters for staple yarns, fiber migration has a crucial influence on the yarn mechanical properties. Thus, the need for precise and concise information about fiber migration becomes important for better understanding of yarn structure and hence yarn mechanical behavior. The work presented here aims to analyze fiber migration in siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns by varying the twist factor. The results demonstrate that the siro-spun yarns exhibit the highest fiber migration parameters, followed by compact-spun yarns, solo-spun yarns, and conventional ring-spun yarns.     

原棉未成熟纤维含量与成纱质量

棉纤维的成熟度、原棉的未成熟纤维含量是影响原棉短绒率、疵点的关键,棉纤维的成熟度、原棉未成熟纤维含量主要因素是由棉花的栽培条件决定.分析了原棉未成熟纤维含量与清梳工序半制品质量和精梳工序质量的关系,原棉中的未成熟纤维必须在配棉、清梳和精梳工序进行控制,才能控制梳棉条、精梳条和成纱质量.原棉未成熟纤维含量不仅影响梳棉条、精梳条的短绒率、棉结、带纤维籽屑等疵点,而且严重影响成纱的各类主要疵点.     

CJ4.9 tex纱清梳工序棉结杂质的控制

影响特细号纱棉结杂质的因素较多,缩短开清棉工艺流程,有利于减少对纤维的损伤、减少开清工序的棉结和短绒.采用优化清梳工序各主要工艺参数,优选分梳元件等措施可以降低结杂,同时要求车间空气净化程度较高,并合理控制温湿度.     

提高精梳针织纱质量的生产实践

为提高精梳针织纱的质量,以CJ 14.5 tex针织纱为例进行了纺纱实践.配棉应控制好原棉的长度、细度、成熟度、短绒和有害疵点;对传统纺纱工艺要进行优化,选用新型纺纱器材,调整设备状态,重点改善成纱条干均匀度和控制棉结.生产实践表明,优化后的纺纱工艺成纱质量明显优于传统纺纱工艺的成纱质量.     

基于图像的喷气涡流纺纱线捻度测试方法探讨

为探究适用于喷气涡流纺纱线捻度测试的有效方法,在对比分析喷气涡流纺纱线与传统环锭纺纱线结构的基础上,借助扫描电子显微镜,分别通过喷气涡流纺纱线的外观图像和横截面图像,测试了喷气涡流纺纱线捻度。并采用Photoshop软件处理喷气涡流纺纱线横截面图像,探究喷气涡流纺纱线内外层纤维数量比与其捻度的关系,提出了用喷气涡流纺纱线内外层纤维数量比表征其捻度的建议。研究结果表明:因喷气涡流纺纱线的特殊结构,传统的加捻退捻法不适应喷气涡流纺纱线捻度测试,通过纱线图像测试其捻度是可行的;喷气涡流纺纱线内外层纤维数量比与其捻度之间呈负相关关系。     

转杯纺混色棉纱的纤维混合均匀度

为探究纤维混合方式对转杯纺混色棉纱中纤维混合程度的影响,通过不同混合方式(一并条子混合、三并条子混合和粗纱混合)所得的二组分转杯纺混色棉纱和三组分转杯纺混色棉纱的纱线横截面切片样本对转杯纺混色棉纱线中不同颜色棉纤维的径向分布规律进行分析。引用汉密尔顿转移指数方法表征混色纱中各色棉纤维径向分布的均匀程度,研究纤维混合方式对转杯纺纱线均匀度的影响。结果表明:无论采用一并棉条混合、三并棉条混合,还是粗纱混合,混色棉纱中不同颜色纤维分布均匀,纤维根数比例与设计比例相符合;混合方式对转杯纺纱线的径向均匀度没有明显影响,三通道转杯纺纱机可实现对纤维良好的混合效果。     

Research on yarn qualities modified by mechanical false-twisting device

Abstract

In the ring-spinning process, the area between the front roller nip and twisting point is spinning triangle, and its geometry influences the fiber tension distribution in the spinning triangle directly and determines the properties of spun yarns. Therefore, in the paper, one kind of mechanical false-twisting device was introduced on the ring spinning, which can affect the twist propagation and change the spinning triangle geometry actively. First, the modification of the false-twisting device on the DTM129 ring-spinning frame was introduced. Taking the medium cotton yarn spinning as an example, corresponding ring yarn, Sirospun yarn, compact yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different spinning method was discussed. It is shown that comparing with the common yarn, the Hairiness and Strength of the modified yarns are all improved, and the effect of false-twisting device on yarn qualities is more effective for the low-twist yarn. Comparing with the ring spinning, the improvement degree of the modified compact spinning is a little smaller. Then, the long-staple cotton ring yarn, polyester and medium cotton blend ring yarn, polyester ring yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different fibers was discussed. It is shown that the influence of the false-twisting device on the long-staple cotton yarn and polyester yarn is little. That is, the false-twisting device given in the paper would be more applicable on the short fiber spinning under the low designed twist factor.     

自捻纱的拉伸力学性能

针对自捻纱断裂强力和断裂伸长率较低的问题,通过对同种原料自捻纺纱线和环锭纺纱线的拉伸力学性能进行对比,讨论了适合自捻纺纱的纤维和必须经过复合才能进行自捻纺纱的纤维以及对纤维配比的要求。与环锭纺纱线相比,羊毛、腈纶、涤纶自捻纱的断裂强力依次降低81.25%、49.33%、31.39%。涤纶、腈纶等纤维能直接采用自捻纺加工方式,而羊毛和苎麻不能直接采用自捻纺纱,必须和其他原料复合自捻。分别对毛/涤纶、麻/涤纶、腈纶/涤纶双组分复合自捻纱进行拉伸力学性能分析,结果表明,要使纱线拉伸性能符合要求,2种原料的组分中涤纶纤维含量需满足：毛/涤纶纱中占60%以上,麻/涤纶纱中占71%以上,但腈纶/涤纶纱的纤维配比不受限制。     

降低精梳纱线棉结的措施

从原棉的成熟度、纤维细度及原棉经不经皮清机，精梳工序的小卷定量、锡林、顶梳、毛刷、落棉率、给棉长度、温湿度参数，细纱的钢领、钢丝圈配置、导纱钩磨损，络筒工序的车速、张力、纱线通道的光洁度等方面阐述了造成纱线棉结的原因及防范措施。     

A study on the quality of kapok blended yarns through different processing methods

In this paper, 14 types of kapok blended yarns and four types of cotton yarns manufactured through different spinning technologies and processing methods were selected in order to explore the most efficient spinning technology for kapok fiber. Four yarn characteristics were measured: yarn fineness/unevenness, yarn defects, yarn hairiness, and breaking tenacity. According to Uster Statistics 2007, GB-T/398-2008, and FZ12001-1992 standards, the analytical results of the four characteristics showed that the quality of kapok blended yarns achieved a higher level with the improvement of spinning technology. The compact spinning and processing technology IV was a preferred way to spin high-quality kapok blended yarn, which lent support to widening the application of kapok fibers in various end-use products.     

Influence of Friction Spinning Process Parameters on Spinnability of Pergularia/Cotton-Blended Yarns

In this study, spinnability of Pergularia daemia seed fiber (70%) and cotton fiber (30%) core/100% cotton fiber sheath DREF-3 core yarns of 74 tex were studied using different spinning parameters in order to understand their effect on yarn properties. Box-Behnken Design was used for the optimization of core ratio, drum speed, and suction pressure and to evaluate the effects and interactions of the process variables on the yarn properties at a constant opening roller speed of 12,000 rpm and delivery rate of 100 m/min. The effect of the core/sheath ratio on yarn quality index is significant. With an increase in the core/sheath ratio, yarn tenacity, and elongation decreases due to insufficient wrapper fibers in the yarn and yarn unevenness increases due to higher feed rate and draft at higher core ratio. An increase in the spinning drum speed increases the yarn quality index up to certain range and then decreases at higher speed due to damaging of fibers in the sheath and more number of hooks at the end of fibers. At a higher air suction pressure, yarn tenacity and the elongation at break increases which ultimately increases the yarn quality index. From the regression analysis, it is observed that the drum speed and suction pressure has no significant effect on yarn unevenness.     

13tex 60/40 CJ/T米通织物用纱的生产实践

介绍了13 tex CJ/T 60/40米通织物用纱的生产工艺.米通织物对布面效果和纱线质量要求严格,生产时应根据原料合理调整开清棉和梳棉的车速,根据短绒率调整开清棉、梳棉和精梳工序的落棉隔距,保证半熟条的短绒与结杂指标.并粗工序要控制棉结的增长,保证纤维的伸直平行.细纱工序应减小锭差,稳定开车状态.络筒工序要有效地去除粗细节并减少毛羽的产生.各工序要控制好温湿度.     

双S曲线软牵伸纺纱技术

从装置结构方面阐述双S曲线软牵伸纺纱技术(简称双S软牵纺)改善纱线质量的原理,对比环锭纺和双S软牵纺纺制同规格纱线的测试数据,分析双S软牵纺的成纱质量特点,并分析原因。传统环锭纺在牵伸区由于上下胶圈表面线速度差造成摩擦和静电,影响成纱质量。双S软牵纺去掉了上下胶圈及上下销,通过S形曲线板、曲线管和网格圈实现对纤维须条的控制。分别用双S软牵纺和环锭纺纺制精梳棉/涤纶(60/40)混纺的18.4 tex纱线,测试其条干、纱疵等指标,用单因素方差分析法对数据进行分析。结果表明,双S软牵纺因可优化牵伸区摩擦力界的分布,缩短浮游区长度,因此控制浮游纤维更为有效,可较显著地改善成纱条干,降低千米棉结、千米细节、千米粗节等常发性纱疵的数量,其中粗节(+35%)纱疵改善尤其显著。     

全聚纺涤棉混纺纱内纤维的径向分布

为研究全聚纺混纺纱中纤维的径向分布情况,采用环锭纺、网格圈型集聚纺和全聚纺3种方法纺制28.1tex涤棉混纺纱线,运用哈氏切片器切取三种混纺纱线样本,借助MOTTC B1型显微镜观察并采集样本中两种纤维的分布状况图,结合汉密尔顿（Hamilton）指数的方法分析,得到全聚纺混纺纱内涤纶纤维和棉纤维在纱截面内的内外转移趋势及分布规律。结果指出：利用传统环锭纺纺制的涤棉混纺纱,涤纶纤维有明显向纱芯转移的趋势,而网格圈型集聚纺,涤纶纤维向纱芯转移的趋势较传统环锭纺弱,全聚纺相对于网格圈型集聚纺而言,涤纶纤维分布更加随机,并且涤纶纤维有向纱外转移的趋势。     

转杯纺精梳纱棉结产生规律探讨

应用aQura仪分析了转杯纺精梳纱生产中从原料到末并条棉结数量、棉结直径的变化规律,得出开清棉工序的打手数量是影响成纱棉结的主要因素以及打手数量与开清棉棉卷的二次相关关系。探讨了依据精梳条棉结数量计算转杯纺精梳纱棉结数量的方法以及转杯纺对不同线密度纱线棉结的去除能力。利用MatLab数学软件中的函数polyfit求解最小二乘曲线拟合,得到精梳棉条棉结数与转杯纺成纱各分档棉结数的回归关系,对生产质量控制及工艺优化具有参考价值。