Planning as Innovation: The Chilean Case

A distinction is made between allocative and innovative planning on the ground that there are significant behavioral differences between them. Innovative planning is defined as (1) seeking to legitimize new social objectives or effect a major reordering in the priority of existing objectives, (2) concerned with translating general value propositions into new institutional arrangements and concrete action programs, (3) being more interested in the mobilization of resources than in their optimal use, and (4) proposing to guide innovation processes through information feedback of the actual consequences of action. These points are illustrated with data from Chile's urban and regional development program, ending with a discussion of the relation between innovative and allocative planning.     

Community and Household Perceptions in Urban Services Demand

The narrow conception of rationality embodied in transportation planning is poorly suited to resolving goal conflicts. This article explores a broader view of what is rational, drawing on the ideas of communicative rationality. It offers a report from practice based on a case study of an access planning process at the Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART). We consider propositions that the planning process enhanced deliberation about ends, improved issue framing through simultaneous engagement of means and ends, and enlarged the deliberative capacity of the organization. The article provides insights into these propositions and suggests ways that communicative rationality theory can improve transportation planning and policy.     

Notes for a Substantive Theory of Rural Planning: Evidence from the US Experience

Rural areas are the locus of many pressing planning issues, pointing to the need for and possibility of a substantive theory of rural planning. In this article we develop a framework for such a theory. We begin by outlining the emergence of planning and the marginalization of ‘the rural,’ by investigating aspects of existing planning theory. Then we explain the framework and apply it to a small set of critical cases in deep rural areas of the U.S. To conclude, we summarize our findings and propose future directions for theory in rural planning.     

减缓·适应——应对气候变化的若干规划议题思考

通过对气候变化与城市规划关 系的辨析,阐述了应对气候变化的规划内 涵,构建了应对气候变化的规划研究框 架。从能源利用、交通与土地使用、建筑 设计与管理、水资源管理、固废处理、旧 材料利用等方面提出了减缓气候变化的 若干规划议题;从温度变化、海平面上 升、降雨模式变化、热带风暴等方面提出 了适应气候变化的若干规划议题。提出 将应对气候变化规划与法定规划体系有 机整合,是当前城市规划行业急需解决 的问题。     

实实在在出发,做有用的村庄规划——兼述《福建省村庄规划导则(试行)》

2011-2013年福建省委省政府着力推进村庄规划编制工作,笔者以制定《福建省村庄规划导则(试行)》和巡查全省首批村庄规划编制设计质量的工作经历,解读《导则》,归纳总结村庄规划中的普遍存在问题,提出重策划、重落实的村庄规划是有用的村庄规划,并探索"做有用的村庄规划"的六个途径——"忖态势、查问题、谋发展、寻对策、定布局、列计划",以期提高村庄规划的编制水平,切切实实为农民做一点好事。     

中新天津生态城居民绿色出行研究

随着我国经济社会的不断发展,城市的规划建设目标已经由追求建设速度转向建设品质,健康城市为目标导向的城市规划应运而生。健康城市包含城市发展和建设的多个层面,而道路交通网络作为城市的骨架,是实现健康城市的重要组成部分。天津中新生态城是以建设生态环境健康为发展目标的城市新区,选取其作为研究对象,通过对居民出行方式的调研,对生态城的绿色交通规划进行分析,寻求规划的优点和不足,从微观和宏观层面对现存的问题提出改善策略,以期为实现健康城市发展目标的城市提供更加完善的绿色交通规划策略。     

城市规划的基本原理是常识

这里讨论三层理念:①城市规划的基本原理是常识.常识有地域性和时间性,必须与时俱进;(②常识是建立共识的基础.而共识是交流性及协作性规划的基础,只有回归常识.才有可能通过交流性及协作性规划实现共赢:③城市建设和规划中的大部分错误.不是由于不理解规划原理,而是由于忘记了常识.笔者呼吁:城市建设的基本理念应该回到常识上来,城市规划工作应该回到平常心来,规划要实现常识意义上的"好城市".体现普通市民的意愿,满足普通市民的基本需要,保证城市的基本功能,才能最终实现城市规划工作的根本目的.     

人防规划信息系统的设想

信息化是当前人防规划的趋势 ,把地理信息科学和城市规划中的最新技术应用于人防规划中 ,对人防系统有着重要的意义。本文对此设想进行了初步的探讨     

寒地农场小城镇公园景观设计探析

通过对寒地农场小城镇公园景观总体规划、详细规划现状存在的问题进行深刻的剖析,并提出有针对性的设计对策,旨在为农场这一特殊地域的小城镇公园景观建设有所启迪.     

The exhibition as a lens for planning history

Exhibitions have been a longstanding fixture of planning culture, especially during the first half of the twentieth century when reform propaganda arguing for intervention into market-driven urban development processes was at its height. Exhibitions thus offer a distinctive and productive thematic approach for planning history. This paper identifies and discusses six major propositions for this position, ranging from theoretical to pedagogic arguments.     

系统规划:区域发展导向下的规划理论创新框架

城市是涵盖经济、政治、社会、文化、生态等要素的复杂系统,城市规划的制定和实施需借助系统理念,发展城市系统规划.城市系统规划是一个庞大的城市规划框架,其规划体系包括横向体系和纵向体系,横向体系为系统规划层级体系,包括战略规划、产业规划、空间规划、投融资规划、政策性专项规划及城市整合营销,纵向体系为系统规划生命周期,包括界...     

Urban development and climate change

Cities around the US are promoting redevelopment efforts in central city neighborhoods in order to foster more-sustainable development patterns. In this paper, we argue that such plans must be grounded in an assessment of the current conditions and existing populations in these neighborhoods. We propose a new way to frame plans for existing communities, using the concept of vulnerability to help us connect current conditions and future goals. Through a case study of the planning process for a transit-oriented redevelopment plan for a central neighborhood in Austin, Texas, we illustrate the difference between current approaches and an alternative approach.     

Assessing the flexibility of public squares the case of Grande Poste square in Algiers

Changes in cities affect public squares. They host temporal, virtual and conflicting uses at different times. For these reasons, they must be multifunctional and adaptable to rapid and unpredictable changes to meet the users´ needs which change over time. These changes have repercussions on the planning and the development of these spaces. In this context, planners introduce flexibility of use in urban planning as a feature of adapting spaces to changes. Current references cite characters and models of flexible places, as well as flexible uses of these places. However, how can planners improve the potential of the flexibility of use in existing public squares? This article proposes an approach to assess the flexibility of use in public squares. It requires the combination of two relevant qualitative methods used to evaluate the flexibility of use in buildings. We used them because there is still no evaluation method for public squares. The application of this method in the central square of the Grand Poste in Algiers aims to show the degree of flexibility of this place and identify aspects that help planners and architects to propose planning recommendations for more flexibility in using this square.     

CONFUSION OF GOALS — RETHINKING THE IMPLICATION OF DATA ANALYTICS AND MODELLING FOR URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN INDUSTRY

Inspired by the fast take-up of data analytics and modelling in urban planning and design in Chinese cities, this paper aims to address a serious knowledge gap in terms of using data to deliver better policy outcomes rather than technical outputs. Such a knowledge gap is discussed in the wider context of smart city development where technology deployment failed to deliver the expected policy benefits. Lessons thus can be, and should be, learnt from early experiments to prevent the data revolution in planning and design in Chinese cities from repeating the same failure. One of the key arguments is that, in order to leverage the potential power of data and analytics for the urban planning and design industry, a wider theoretical framework is required for rethinking the core role as well as core competence of the planning profession in China. It entails a diversion from the purely technical discourse and the disciplinary / professional silos, towards a sociotechnical perspective. A series of propositions are proposed to evoke more critical discussion about the digital agenda for urban planning and design.     

Acknowledgement of Referees

The management of land resources, particularly the role of planning regulations, is critical in defining what land can be used in urban development – and this throws up certain key questions: How can one best manage land resources available? How can one address future urban development needs on the basis of existing land from a sustainable perspective? In this article we propose to question the extent of planning theories in the light of concrete urban development using land availability information. By using comprehensive national data we explore the case of Luxembourg, a small European country facing exacerbated pressures for metropolitanization. We use scenarios that go from a lesser to a greater degree of sustainability in order to project and articulate different configurations of land consumption based on a critical literature review (Smart Growth, New Urbanism, and transit oriented development (TOD)). We explore how modelling might be used to help inform spatial planning for urban growth. This framework is intended as an approach that would be applicable to other urban settings by using data that can be found in any typical municipal authority along with implementation in a geographical information system (GIS). The results create a tool which is useful for planning, monitoring or forecasting land consumption. The results also clearly show the limited impact of planning practices in terms of sustainability using land availability.     

Propositions for Suburban Living

The following are propositions for introducing ultramodern (going beyond the paradigm of Modernism) single-family housing into the current suburban domestic landscape. The houses, as iterative investigations, employ strategies of phasing, modularity, spatial planning, material expression, programming, and sequencing to maintain affordability, update the current "house," and increase the quality of the space and composition within current market constraints. These proposals selectively re-present aspects of the current suburban domestic condition while evolving a new way of thinking about the single-family house.     

山地小城市风貌的地域性表达——重庆巫溪县新区南北中轴线景观规划设计

在当前中国的城市化进程中,城市容量加大、规模扩展,发展城市新区是城市建设的必由之路。本文以重庆巫溪县新区南北中轴线景观规划设计为例,探讨了在新区景观规划设计中所面对的山地城市特征、小城市的尺度与品格、城市文脉延续以及绿化景观等重要命题,强调地域主义的设计思想在城市新区的规划建设中具有重要指导意义。     

论山地城乡规划研究的科学内涵 ——中国城市规划学会“山地城乡规划学术委员会”启动会学术呈述

论文针对我国城镇化逐步从平原地 区向山地发展的客观情况,拟从国家城镇化 战略和山地城乡规划研究的科学意义提出学 术思考。分析了山地城乡规划思想的学术基 础。提出了山地城乡规划工作当前面对的问 题,当前我国山区面对资源环境保护和人地关 系的矛盾,以及山地城乡规划发展中人才队伍 的缺陷和问题。论文提出对山地城乡规划科 学思想的几点认识：关于山地城乡规划的生 态学思想;关于山地城乡规划统筹和集约发 展的科学思想;关于山地城乡规划防灾减灾 的科学思想等。最后,阐述了对我国山地城乡 规划的队伍与平台建设工作的思考。     

Toward sustainable development: Lessons from vernacular settlements of SriLanka

From modern urban perspectives, indigenous housing practices are regarded as undeveloped, backward, and require improvements. They may be valid for measuring on the basis of standards alien to the communities. However, these perceptions have obfuscated the appreciation and potential adoption of holistic, culturally relevant, and traditionally tested approaches to planning and housing that have sustained communities for centuries. Sri Lankan indigenous settlements have been founded on principles and understanding acquired through the wisdom of Buddhism. For the Sri Lankan indigenous, sustainability has been an intrinsic accompaniment to everyday life, unlike articulated modern discourses. However, these traditions exert minimal benefits to recent housing practices, and researchers are looking elsewhere to develop mechanisms to infuse sustainability as a recently discovered issue of significance. The present study examines the principles underlying several indigenous settlements in Sri Lanka through close observations supported by documente devidence and demonstrates their validity and appropriateness for contemporary planning practices. This study argues that approaches to sustainability should be generated holistically from within rather than from the outside and offers several propositions that can redirect the contemporary housing and planning practices.     

GIS在城市规划中应用的优势和存在的问题

对GIS在城市规划中的应用及其优势和存在的问题进行了研究,包括相关概念介绍,GIS技术给城市规划设计带来的变化以及GIS应用于城市规划设计中存在的问题,以促进GIS更好地应用于城市规划设计。