等通道挤压制备医用超细晶Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金及其力学性能

采用等通道转角挤压(equal channel angular pressing,ECAP)方法成功挤压了Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金,采用OM和TEM观察了ECAP过程中合金微观组织和晶粒尺寸的变化,测试了ECAP后Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金的力学性能与腐蚀性能,通过XRD观察了ECAP变形后的织构取向变化。结果显示,ECAP后得到了超细晶Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金组织,在320℃下经过4道次挤压后平均晶粒尺寸细化到了1.65 mm,局部晶粒细化到了0.80 mm,晶粒细化是剧烈塑性变形与再结晶共同作用的结果。4道次变形后,延伸率从22.2%上升到58.6%,抗拉强度从242.8 MPa下降到195.6 MPa,延伸率提高了约3倍,强度略有下降。ECAP后的Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金织构择优取向发生了显著改变,这种变化有利于滑移系的开动,提高了材料的塑性,但对强度有一定的不利影响。ECAP后的Mg-3Sn-0.5Mn合金力学性能受到改变的织构择优取向和细晶强化的共同影响。     

流变压铸工艺参数对过共晶Al-30%Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响（英文）

研究流变压铸工艺参数浇注温度、振动频率和蛇形通道弯道数量对Al-30%Si合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。流变压铸过程中的半固态Al-30%Si合金浆料采用振动蛇形通道浇注工艺制备。实验结果表明:浇注温度、振动频率和通道数量对Al-30%Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响较大。在浇注温度为850°C、通道弯道数量为12和振动频率为80 Hz的条件下,流变压铸工艺制备的样品组织的初生硅晶粒被细化成平均粒径约为24.6μm的块状颗粒;此外,流变压铸样品的抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度分别为296 MPa、0.87%和HB 155。因此,振动蛇形通道浇注工艺能有效地细化组织中的初生Si晶粒。初生Si晶粒的细化是流变压铸样品力学性能改善的主要原因。     

倾斜冷却剪切流变参数对半固态AlSi9Mg合金组织的影响

利用自制的实验装置研究倾斜式冷却剪切流变技术制备半固态AlSi9Mg合金.结果表明:合金熔体在倾斜冷却板表面非均匀形核并受到重力和振动力的剪切作用,初生α(Al)逐渐从枝晶网络演化为细小的球状或粒状晶;控制浇注温度在600℃、倾斜板长度在600 mm、振动频率在50 Hz时可以获得组织良好的半固态合金熔体,合金熔体中初生α(Al)的平均晶粒尺寸为50μm,形状因子为0.71;机械振动能显著细化AlSi9Mg合金组织,随着振动频率的提高,初生α(Al)明显细化,圆整度也随之提高.     

二维振动参数对半固态ZL104合金微观组织的影响

利用自制的倾斜板内安置扰流柱,可实现三维振动的倾斜剪切流变装置,研究二维振动方向和振动频率对半固态ZL104合金组织的影响,分析振动方向XY、YZ、XZ对半固态ZL104合金组织的作用机理。结果表明:振动方向为XZ时,倾斜板上向下流动的合金液中,初生枝晶和液体之间产生的相对运动较大,初生晶粒之间发生碰撞和摩擦的几率多,晶粒细小,形状圆整;合金液在倾斜板上滞留的时间长,初生固相率高。随振动频率增大,晶粒尺寸减小,形状因子增大。当振动频率为50 Hz时,初生固相率为56.09%,晶粒尺寸为6.53μm,形状因子为0.57。     

A2017铝合金半固态流变轧制工艺

采用自制倾斜板装置对A2017铝合金进行半固态流变轧制,研究轧制过程中不同工艺条件下(浇注温度和倾斜板振动频率)对A2017铝合金的组织的影响。温度为680℃时,合金在倾斜板上的液态区间和固态区间比较平衡,受到的剪切作用也适中,在成形板材横断面中心组织主要为接近圆形的细小晶粒。试验表明,最佳工艺条件为浇铸温度680℃,振动频率50 Hz。制备的板材抗拉强度可达198.6 N/mm~2。     

Mg-1.6Mn-1.5Si-0.3Ca合金的显微组织与力学性能

利用OM、SEM、EDS和抗拉强度测定等手段,研究了添加Si、Ca元素对Mg-1.6Mn变形镁合金显微组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明：Mg-1.6Mn-1.5Si-0.3Ca合金的铸态组织由α-Mg固溶体、块状或颗粒状Mg 2Si及β-Mn组成.Mg-1.6Mn合金中加入Si、Ca后,钙、硅化合物成为Mg 2Si初生相的异质形核核心,合金的晶粒明显细化,平均晶粒尺寸从加入前的60 μm细化到加入后的30 μm.Mg-1.6Mn-1.5Si-0.3Ca的抗拉强度为148 N/mm^2,伸长率达5.6%,分别比Mg-1.6Mn的提高54.2%和55.5%.     

时效处理对Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金组织性能的影响

研究了时效工艺对往复挤压Mg-5Sn-1.5Al-1Zn-1Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响,并分析了时效处理的作用机制。结果表明:合金时效处理后晶粒尺寸略有增大,晶粒分布不均匀,晶粒直径10μm左右;晶界处的块状颗粒相部分溶解,在晶界或晶内析出1μm左右的二次颗粒相。时效后Mg-5Sn-1.5A1-1Zn-1Si合金的伸长率呈下降趋势,而抗拉强度、屈服强度和硬度大幅度升高,其中抗拉强度和屈服强度高达323 MPa和272 MPa。     

机械振动对熔模铸造0Cr17不锈钢组织与性能的影响

在0Cr17不锈钢熔模铸造的浇注及凝固过程中施加垂直方向的机械振动,并与未振动试样进行对比,研究不同的振动频率和振幅对晶粒尺寸及力学性能的影响。结果表明,相同振动频率时,随着振幅的增大,晶粒尺寸减小,抗拉强度增大;振幅较低时,随着振动频率的增加,晶粒尺寸变化不明显;振幅较大时,随着振动频率增加,晶粒尺寸减小,抗拉强度增大。最佳的振动参数是振动频率为35Hz、振幅为4mm,其细化率为66.7%,抗拉强度比未振动试样高出9.3%。     

表面机械研磨对Mg-3Al-1Zn合金组织和性能的影响

采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和拉伸力学性能测试等手段,对不同表面机械研磨时间处理的Mg-3Al-1Zn合金的显微组织和力学性能进行研究。结果表明,随着表面机械研磨时间的增加,Mg-3Al-1Zn合金板材的梯度纳米结构表面层厚度逐渐增加,且在表面机械研磨时间超过6 min后增加幅度较小;随着表面机械研磨时间的延长,表层晶粒的平均尺寸没有明显降低,但是微观应变有所增加,Mg-3Al-1Zn合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度逐渐上升,而断后伸长率逐渐降低。     

Mn对Mg-3.2Si合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用Mn对过共晶Mg-3.2Si合金进行变质处理,主要考察了Mn含量对合金中初生Mg2Si相的变质效果及合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,Mn对过共晶Mg-3.2Si合金中的初生Mg2Si相具有良好的变质效果。当Mn含量为2%(质量分数)时,变质效果最佳,此时初生Mg2Si相呈多边形,平均颗粒尺寸仅为32μm,相比未变质合金降低了56.8%。随着Mn含量的增加,合金的力学性能呈先提高后降低的趋势。当Mn含量为2%时,合金表现出最佳的力学性能,其抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到187 MPa和3.2%,相比未变质合金提高了67.0%和166.7%。     

Microstructure formation mechanism and properties of a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) magnesium alloy processed by a novel semisolid continuous shearing and rolling process

A novel semisolid Continuous Shearing and Rolling (CSR) process for producing a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip is developed, and the microstructure formation mechanism and properties of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy processed by this process are investigated. At a casting temperature of 690°C and a roll speed of 0.052 m·s^?1, a Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip with a cross section size of 4×160 mm was produced by the proposed process. Under strong cooling and shearing actions, eruptive nucleation, direct globular grain growth and dendrite arm breakage took place during the process, which caused formations of fine spherical grains. The grain size and roundness of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip increased with increasing increments of the casting temperature. In this perspective, roll speed obviously affects grain shape. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip reached 205.93 MPa and 7.2%.     

铸造Al-Mg-Mn合金的显微组织及力学性能

研究了Mg含量、冷却速度、固溶处理对Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn、Al-3.8Mg-0.3Mn两种合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着Mg含量提高,晶界相增多。当Mg含量提高到6.8%时,晶界出现网状组织;随着Mg含量升高,合金强度提高,塑性下降;通过砂型铸造空冷、金属型铸造空冷、金属型铸造淬火来实现不同的冷却速度,发现金属型淬火试样的金相组织中,在晶界附近没有析出网絮状或颗粒状第二相,而强度和伸长率要高于其他两种工艺。两种合金经过430℃×60h固溶处理后,合金的综合力学性能得到大幅度提高。Al-6.8Mg-0.3Mn金属型铸造空冷试样固溶后抗拉强度由280MPa提高到335MPa,伸长率由10.4%提高到20%。     

Microstructure evolution and properties of Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy strip processed by semisolid rheo-rolling

The high cooling rate caused by the sloping plate and stirring action caused by the vibration and metal flow lead to a high nucleation rate as well as two primary grain growth patterns, direct globular growth as well as dendrite growth and subsequent breakage, which causes the formation of fine spherical or rosette primary grains. The change of the primary grain shape is not obvious in the roll gap. However, solid fraction increases from the entrance to the exit of the roll gap. The spherical or rosette grains were remained eventually. When the casting temperature is 670 °C, and the vibrating amplitude is 1.5 mm, the strip with a cross section of 4 mm×160 mm was produced. Homogeneous microstructure was obtained. Mechanical properties of the present product were higher than that of Mg-3Sn-1Mn (wt%) alloy casting with the addition of 0.87 wt% Ce.     

Sn对ZM61合金组织与性能的影响

通过光学金相(OM),扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)等分析方法,研究不同Sn含量对Mg-6Zn-1Mn(ZM61)合金显微组织和力学性能的影响,并初步探讨Sn元素在镁合金中的存在形式和作用机理。结果表明:Sn元素在ZM61合金中主要以Mg2Sn相存在;Sn元素不仅可以改善合金的铸造性能,所形成弥散的Mg2Sn相颗粒还可以明显的细化晶粒改善组织,提高合金的力学性能,其中经440℃,2h+90℃,24h+180℃,8h双级时效处理的ZM61-4Sn合金具有最佳的综合力学性能,其屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别为358MPa、374MPa和4.6%;Sn的加入不会改变合金的断裂机制,但是粗大的Mg2Sn粒子会成为裂纹源,从而降低合金的塑性,所以Sn含量不宜过高,不大于4%较为合适。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Mn-Ca alloy sheet produced by twin roll casting and sequential warm rolling

Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of twin roll cast (TRC) Mg-3.3 wt.%Al-0.8 wt.%Mn-0.2 wt.%Ca (AM31 + 0.2Ca) alloy strip during warm rolling and subsequent annealing were investigated in this paper. The as-TRC alloy strip shows columnar dendrites in surface and equiaxed dendrites in center regions, as well as finely dispersed primary Al₈Mn₅ particles on interdendritic boundaries which result in the beneficial effect on microstructural refinement of strip casting. The warm rolled sheets show intensively deformed band or shear band structures, as well as finely and homogeneously dispersed Al-Mn particles. No evident dynamic recrystallization (DRX) takes place during warm rolling process, which is more likely attributed to the finely dispersed particle and high solid solution of Al and Mn atoms in α-Mg matrix. After annealing at 350 °C for 1 h, the warm rolled TRC sheets show fine equiaxed grains around 7.8 μm in average size. It has been shown that the present TRC alloy sheet has superior tensile strength and comparative elongation compared to commercial ingot cast (IC) one, suggesting the possibility of the development of wrought magnesium alloy sheets by twin roll strip casting processing. The microstructural evolution during warm rolling and subsequent annealing as well as the resulting tensile properties were analyzed and discussed.     

A double control forming technology combining die casting and forging for the production of Mg alloy components with enhanced properties

A double control forming technology combining the die casting and forging was firstly proposed for the production of Mg alloy components with enhanced properties. In this technology, high-speed filling of liquid melt and high-pressure forging of partially solidified melt were performed by using injection and forging systems of a double control forming device. Some Mg alloy motorcycle wheel components were produced by die casting and double control forming to verify the improvement of the mechanical properties of components formed by double control forming. The results showed that double control forming was an alternative technology for producing the complex Mg alloy components with enhanced properties. Average tensile strength and elongation of Mg alloy components produced by double control forming were greatly improved in comparison with die casting. The average tensile strength was enhanced from 126.8 MPa to 213 MPa and elongation was improved from 3.5% to 7.2%. The optimal process parameters were obtained according to the results of orthogonal experiments, which involved pouring temperature of 675 °C, injection speed of 2 m/s and die temperature of 210 °C. The improved nucleation frequency in the melt caused by the forging pressure led to successful grain refinement of the microstructure of the component produced by double control forming. The defects were removed from the microstructure due to plastic deformation caused by the forging pressure. A refined and densified microstructure led to an enhancement of mechanical properties of Mg alloy component produced by double control forming.     

Mg-Bi合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用挤压铸造和挤压变形工艺制备了Mg-Bi二元合金,通过金相显微镜分析,室温拉伸性能测试,X射线衍射分析,SEM和EDS等手段,研究了Mg-Bi合金在铸态和热挤压态的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:铸态Mg-Bi合金随着Bi含量的增加,伸长率逐渐降低,抗拉强度逐渐增加,当Bi含量达10wt.％以上,抗拉强度降低;Mg-Bi合金铸锭经450℃、3h保温,挤压比为12.76热挤压后,随Bi含量的增加,抗拉强度与伸长率均逐渐增加,当Bi含量达12wt.％时,抗拉强度为219.68 MPa,伸长率为13.43％,Bi含量继续增加,合金抗拉强度及伸长率呈下降趋势;挤压态Mg-Bi合金的力学性能是晶粒细化与Mg3Bi2综合作用的结果,当Bi含量大于12wt.％后,形成较多粗大的Mg3Bi2相是导致合金力学性能下降的主要原因.     

热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响

通过光学和电子显微镜、XRD分析以及抗拉和蠕变测试,研究热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,热处理对Mg-3Sn-1Mn镁合金的组织和性能有明显影响。当在420℃固溶处理后,合金中的大多数Mg2Sn相溶入基体。但在250℃时效处理后,在时效合金的晶界和晶内析出大量细小的Mg2Sn相,从而时效合金的抗拉性能和蠕变性能被明显改善,其强化机理可能与α-Mg基体中Mg2Sn相的弥散析出有关。     

Microstructure modification and precipitation strengthening for Mg–6Zn–1Mn–4Sn–0.5Ca through extrusion and aging treatment

The microstructure revolution and mechanical properties of as-extruded and peak-aged Mg–6Zn–1Mn– 4Sn–0.5Ca (ZMT614–0.5Ca) alloy were studied by OM, SEM, TEM, hardness testing and tensile testing. The results showed that the as-cast ZMT614–0.5Ca alloy mainly consisted of α-Mg, Mg–Zn and CaMgSn phase. The hot extrusion process effectively refined the microstructure and led to a completely dynamic recrystallized microstructure. The average grain size of as-extruded alloy was ˜4.85 μm. After solution treatment, remained CaMgSn with high melting point played a significant role in pinning effect and impeding the migration of grain boundary. After aging treatment, peak-aged ZMT614–0.5Ca alloy exhibited a good combination of strength and ductility, with yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation being 338 MPa, 383 MPa and 7.5%, respectively. The yield strength of the alloy increased significantly by around 36% compared with that in as-extruded condition, which should be attributed to the precipitation strengthening of β' phase.     

消失模壳型铸造A356铸态和T6态铝合金的组织、性能及拉伸断口(英文)

对采用消失模壳型铸造制备的A356铝合金在铸态和T6热处理态下的微观组织、拉伸性能以及拉伸断口进行了研究,并与消失模铸造A356铝合金进行了对比分析。结果表明:消失模壳型铸造A356铝合金组织主要有α(Al)初生相、共晶硅相以及Mg2Si相组成。经过T6热处理后,共晶硅形貌更加球化,均匀地分布于晶界处;且共晶硅粒子的平均长度、宽度和长宽比都比铸态条件下的小。与消失模铸造相比,组织中的初生相和共晶硅相都明显细化。经T6处理后,消失模壳型铸造A356合金的力学性能得到明显提高,其中抗拉强度、延伸率和布氏硬度分别达到260.53MPa、6.15%和86.0,其与消失模铸造相比具有明显优势。此外,消失模壳型铸造A356铝合金拉伸断口为具有准解理面和韧窝形貌的混合断口,最终表现为穿晶断裂模式。而消失模铸造A356铝合金拉伸断口为明显的脆性断口。